{{Short description|Family of gastropods}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Common limpets1.jpg | image_caption = A group of live ''[[Patella vulgata]]'' on an intertidal rock | taxon = Patellidae | authority = [[Rafinesque]], 1815 | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision = 4 extant genera (see [[#Genera|text]]) }}

'''Patellidae''' is a [[Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomic]] [[Family (taxonomy)|family]] of true [[limpets]], [[marine (ocean)|marine]] [[gastropod]] [[mollusc]]s in the [[Family (taxonomy)|superfamily]] [[Patelloidea]].<ref name=WoRMS/> (The superfamily Patelloidea should not be confused with the similar-sounding genus of true limpets ''[[Patelloida]]'' which is in the family [[Lottiidae]] within the superfamily [[Lottioidea]], also part of the [[Patellogastropoda]].)

The largest known limpet in the world is ''[[Scutellastra mexicana]]'' that can reach {{cvt|35.5|cm|abbr=on}} in length.<ref name="Carballo et al. 2023"/>

== Taxonomy == A [[cladogram]] showing phylogenic relations of Patellogastropoda based on [[molecular phylogeny]] research by Nakano & Ozawa (2007):<ref name="Nakano 2007">{{cite journal |last1=Nakano |first1=Tomoyuki |last2=Ozawa |first2=Tomowo |title=Worldwide phylogeography of limpets of the order Patellogastropoda: molecular, morphological and palaeontological evidence |journal=Journal of Molluscan Studies |date=2007 |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=79–99 |doi=10.1093/mollus/eym001|doi-access=free }}</ref>

{{clade |label1=[[Patellogastropoda]] |1={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=[[Lottiidae]] (including ''[[Acmaea]]'' and ''[[Niveotectura]]'') |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=[[Pectinodontidae]] |2=[[Lepetidae]] }} |2=[[Nacellidae]] }} }} |2='''Patellidae''' }} |2=[[Eoacmaeidae]] }} }}

== Genera == There are four extant genera in the family Patellidae:<ref name=WoRMS/> * ''[[Cymbula]]'' <small>H. & A. Adams, 1854</small> * ''[[Helcion]]'' <small>Montfort, 1810</small> * ''[[Patella (gastropod)|Patella]]'' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]</small> * ''[[Scutellastra]]'' <small>H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854</small>

There are two exclusively fossil genera:<ref name=WoRMS/> * † ''[[Berlieria]]'' <small>de Loriol, 1903</small> * † ''[[Proscutum]]'' <small>P. Fischer, 1885</small>

===Synonyms=== Synonyms include the following:<ref name=WoRMS/> * ''Ansates'' <small>G.B. Sowerby II [ex Klein], 1839</small>: synonym of ''Patella'' <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small> * ''Laevipatella'' <small>Pallary, 1920</small>: synonym of ''Cymbula'' <small>H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854</small> * ''Patellanax'' <small>Iredale, 1924</small>: synonym of ''Scutellastra'' <small>H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854</small> (junior synonym) * ''Patellidea'' <small>Thiele, 1891</small>: synonym of ''Scutellastra'' <small>H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854</small> * ''Patellona'' <small>Thiele, 1891</small>: synonym of ''Cymbula'' <small>H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854</small> * ''Patina'' <small>Gray, 1847</small>: synonym of ''Patella'' <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small> * ''Patinastra'' <small>Thiele, 1891</small>: synonym of ''Helcion'' <small>Montfort, 1810</small> * ''Penepatella'' <small>Iredale, 1929</small>: synonym of ''Scutellastra'' <small>H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854</small> (junior synonym)

==Human uses== Some limpet species in this family are used as a food source in various countries.<ref name="Carballo et al. 2023"/>

A study of ''[[Patella caerulea]]'' found that this limpet reduced the cover of [[alga]]e and [[barnacle]]s on steel panels suspended in sea water in a commercial port, suggesting that the limpet could be used to inhibit fouling of ship hulls.<ref>Safriel U. N. & Erez N. 1987. ''Effect of limpets on the fouling of ships in the Mediterranean''. Marine Biology, 95(4): 531-537. {{doi|10.1007/BF00393096}}</ref>

== See also == * [[Limpet]]

==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="Carballo et al. 2023">{{cite journal |last1=Carballo |first1=José Luis |last2=Bautista-Guerrero |first2=Eric |last3=Benjamín |first3=Yáñez |last4=Carballo |first4=Luis Rodrigo |last5=García-Gómez |first5=José Carlos |name-list-style=amp |title=Population status of the world's largest limpet, ''Scutellastra mexicana'' (Mollusca: Patellidae), on María Madre Island, Mexico: Possible last bastion of a species facing global extinction |journal=Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems |date=2023 |volume=33 |issue=10 |pages=1049–1060 |doi=10.1002/aqc.3978|doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=WoRMS>{{cite WoRMS |title=Patellidae Rafinesque, 1815 |year=2023 |id=113 |db=Mollusca |access-date=3 July 2023}}</ref> }} * Nakano T. & Sasaki T. (2011) Recent advances in molecular phylogeny, systematics and evolution of patellogastropod limpets. Journal of Molluscan Studies 77: 203–217.

==External links== {{Commons category|Patellidae}} * [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k98061z.r=rafinesque.langEN Rafinesque, C. S. (1815). Analyse de la nature ou Tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés. &#91;Book&#93;. 1-224, (self-published) Palermo] * [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25127200 Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia. 47 (1-2): 1-397] * [https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1998.0316 Ridgeway, S.A., Reid, D.G., Taylor, J.D., Branch, G.M. & Hodgson, A.N., 1998. A cladistic phylogeny of the family Patellidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 353(1375), 1645-1671]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1078016}} {{Authority control}}

[[Category:Patellogastropoda]] [[Category:Patellidae| ]] [[Category:Gastropod families]] [[Category:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque]]