{{Short description|Type of edible green seaweed}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}} {{Other uses|Laver (disambiguation)}} {{More citations needed|date=January 2024}} thumb|Raw ''parae'' (green laver)
'''Green laver''' ({{IPAc-en|'|l|ei|v|@r|,_|'|l|a:|v|@r}}), known as '''''aonori''''' ({{lang|ja|アオノリ}}; {{lang|ja|青海苔}}) in Japan, '''''sea cabbage''''' ({{lang|zh|海白菜}}) or '''''hutai''''' ({{lang|zh|滸苔}}) in China, and '''''parae''''' ({{lang|ko|파래}}) and '''''kim''''' ({{lang|ko|김}}) in Korean, is a type of edible green seaweed, including species from the genera ''Monostroma'' and ''Ulva'' (''Ulva prolifera'', ''Ulva pertusa'', ''Ulva intestinalis''). It is commercially cultivated in some bay areas in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, such as Ise Bay. It is rich in minerals such as calcium, magnesium, lithium, vitamins, and amino acids such as methionine. It is also called ''aosa'' (アオサ, ''Ulva pertusa'') in some places in Japan.<ref>{{cite web |title=About 'aosanori' |url=http://www.isekanbutsu.co.jp/aosanohanasi.html |website=isekanbutsu |access-date=25 May 2017 |archive-date=14 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170514153326/http://www.isekanbutsu.co.jp/aosanohanasi.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
== Culinary use == {{Citations needed section|date=January 2024}}
=== Japan === It is used in its dried form for Japanese soups, ''tempura'', and material for manufacturing dried ''nori'' and ''tsukudani'' and rice. It is also used in a powdered form, often blended with ''Ulva'' species of Ulvaceae as its production is limited.
It is used commonly for flavouring of some Japanese foods, usually by sprinkling the powder on the hot food, for its aroma: * Fried noodles (''yakisoba'' or ''yakiudon'') * Okonomiyaki (Japanese pancake) * Takoyaki (octopus dumpling ball) * Isobe age * Isobe mochi * Shichimi (seven-spice seasoning) * Japanese potato chips * Misoshiru
<gallery mode="packed" widths="130px" heights="130px"> Japanese Raw Aonori.JPG|Raw ''aonori'' from Lake Hamana Japanese Raw Aonori Misoshiru.JPG|Miso soup with raw ''aonori'' Modern yaki, rice and tsukemono by hirotomo in Osaka.jpg|''Okonomiyaki'' with ''aonori'' powder 岩崎屋の黒焼きそば (33822311413).jpg|Yakisoba with ''aonori'' powder </gallery>
=== Korea === In Korea, ''parae'' is eaten as a namul vegetable. It is also used to make ''gim'' (dried laver sheets).
<gallery mode="packed" widths="130px" heights="130px"> Parae-gamja-jeon 2.jpg|''Parae-gamja-jeon'' (green laver potato pancake) Paraemuchim (seasoned parae) (Monostroma nitidum).jpg|''Parae-muchim'' (seasoned green laver) 파래 01 01 2.jpg Jindo Miracle Sea Road Festival 101.JPG|Dried green laver sheets </gallery>
=== China === In parts of southern China, green laver is added to soups and traditional seafood dishes, especially in coastal regions.
== Similar species == Green laver shares the name "laver" with ''Porphyra umbilicalis'', a red seaweed, which is harvested from the coasts of Scotland, Wales, and Ireland and used to prepare laverbread.<ref name="eatweeds">{{cite web |last=Harford |first=Robin |title=Laver Seaweed – A Foraging Guide to Its Food, Medicine and Other Uses |url=https://www.eatweeds.co.uk/laver-porphyra |website=eatweeds.co.uk |date=30 August 2018 |access-date=22 March 2021 |archive-date=21 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121140624/https://www.eatweeds.co.uk/laver-porphyra |url-status=live }}</ref> Like "green laver", similar edible seaweeds with indigenous names translated as "laver", are found in many other countries around the world. In Hawaii, "the species ''Porphyra atropurpurea'' is considered a great delicacy, called {{lang|haw|Limu luau}}".<ref name="eatweeds" />
== See also == * Nori * Gamet * Seaweed
== References == {{Reflist}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tseng |first=C.K. |year=2001 | title=Algal biotechnology industries and research in China |journal=Journal of Applied Phycology |volume=13 |issue=4 |doi=10.1023/A:1017972812576 }}</ref>
== External links == * {{Commons category-inline|Green laver}} * [https://www.fao.org/docrep/006/y4765e/y4765e0b.htm Seaweeds used as human food] * [http://www.hirokoskitchen.com/blog/2012/01/mystery-seaweed-and-aonori Mystery Seaweed and Aonori]
{{Japanese food and drink}}
Category:Korean cuisine Category:Japanese cuisine Category:Edible seaweeds