{{Short description|Oxide mineral}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}} {{Infobox mineral | name = Panguite | boxwidth = | boxbgcolor = | image = | imagesize = | alt = | caption = | category = Oxide mineral | formula = {{chem2|(Ti(4+),Sc,Al,Mg,Zr,Ca)1.8O3}} | IMAsymbol = Pgu<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Warr|first=L.N.|date=2021|title=IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols|journal=Mineralogical Magazine|volume=85|issue=3 |pages=291–320|doi=10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |bibcode=2021MinM...85..291W |s2cid=235729616 |doi-access=free}}</ref> | molweight = | strunz = | dana = | system = Orthorhombic | class = Dipyramidal (mmm) <br/>H-M symbol: (2/m 2/m 2/m) | symmetry = ''Pbca'' | unit cell = a = 9.781(1) Å, <br/>b = 9.778(2) Å, <br/>c = 9.815(1) Å; Z = 16 | color = | colour = | habit = Microscopic inclusion | twinning = | cleavage = | fracture = | tenacity = | mohs = | luster = | streak = | diaphaneity = | gravity = 3.746 (calculated) | density = | polish = | opticalprop = | refractive = | birefringence = | pleochroism = | 2V = | dispersion = | extinction = | length fast/slow = | fluorescence = | absorption = | melt = | fusibility = | diagnostic = | solubility = | impurities = | alteration = | other = | prop1 = | prop1text = | references = <ref name=Mindat>[http://www.mindat.org/min-41137.html Panguite on Mindat.org]</ref><ref name=AmMin/> }}
'''Panguite''' is a type of titanium oxide mineral first discovered as an inclusion within the Allende meteorite, and first described in 2012.<ref name=eureka>{{cite web| title=Caltech scientists find new primitive mineral in meteorite| work=Eurekalert| date=26 June 2012| url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/ciot-csf062612.php| accessdate=26 June 2012| archive-date=11 November 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111191926/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-06/ciot-csf062612.php| url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=1969 fireball meteorite reveals new ancient mineral|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/47970457/ns/technology_and_science-science/%23.UOYDO33LdRx|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103221649/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/47970457/ns/technology_and_science-science/%23.UOYDO33LdRx|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|author=Jeanna Bryner|date=26 June 2012|website=NBCNews.com}}</ref>
The hitherto unknown meteorite mineral was named for the ancient Chinese god Pan Gu, the creator of the world through the separation of yin (earth) from yang (sky).<ref name=eureka />
==Composition== The mineral's chemical formula is {{chem2|(Ti(4+),Sc,Al,Mg,Zr,Ca)1.8O3}}. The elements found in it are titanium, scandium, aluminium, magnesium, zirconium, calcium, and oxygen. Samples from the meteorite include some which are zirconium rich. The mineral was found in conjunction with the already identified mineral davisite, within an olivine aggregate.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Mann |first=Adam |date=June 26, 2012 |title=Meteorite Hunter Discovers New Mineral |url=https://www.wired.com/2012/06/new-mineral-panguite/ |access-date=2024-04-15 |magazine=Wired}}</ref>
==Origin and properties== Panguite is in a class of refractory minerals that formed under the high temperatures and extremely varied pressures present in the early Solar System, up to 4.5 billion years ago. This makes panguite one of the oldest minerals in the Solar System. Zirconium is a key element in determining conditions prior to and during the Solar System's formation.
==Discovery== Chi Ma, director of the Geological and Planetary Sciences division's Analytical Facility at the California Institute of Technology was the lead author of its first peer-reviewed article, published in ''American Mineralogist''.<ref name=AmMin>[http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/content/97/7/1219.full?ijkey=G2n1UMXmu7r4.&keytype=ref&siteid=gsammin Ma C. et al. 2012. "Panguite, (Ti4+,Sc,Al,Mg,Zr,Ca)1.8O3, a new ultra-refractory titania mineral from the Allende meteorite: Synchrotron micro-diffraction and EBSD", ''American Mineralogist'', Volume 97, pages 1219–1225]</ref> Ma has been leading a nano mineralogy investigation, since 2007, of primitive meteorites, including the well studied Allende meteorite. The mineral was first described in a paper submitted to the 42nd annual Lunar and Planetary Science Conference in 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:9ySbGIxzAHsJ:www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2011/pdf/1276.pdf+panguite&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShdhktbOAx3Z_XBdxVJeK6gSObC49sOoUEpTsSUSpw1nhgpnBEH4MYuH6z5z6H6mlnGoMVfJL302jzOnWG5JXSB7qPLWxoPeF0HE03CSBySiciuwQjqICVa8yNunY9MN8nAyKt-&sig=AHIEtbT4gYHFODRyFq54heDQfwTN751r_Q |work=42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2011)|title=Discovery of Panguite, a New Ultra-Refractory Titania Mineral in Allende|first1=Chi|last1=Ma|author2=Oliver Tschauner|author3=John R. Beckett|author4=Boris Kiefer|author5=George R. Rossman|author6=Wenjun Liu|accessdate=28 June 2012}}</ref>
==See also== * Glossary of meteoritics ==References== {{reflist}}
{{Meteorites}}
Category:Oxide minerals Category:Titanium minerals Category:Scandium minerals Category:Magnesium minerals Category:Meteorite minerals Category:Solar System Category:Refractory materials Category:2012 in science Category:Zirconium minerals Category:Orthorhombic minerals Category:Minerals in space group 61