{{Short description|Cossack uprising against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1702–1704}} '''Paliy uprising''' (also '''Palej uprising''') was a [[Cossack uprising]], led by [[Polkovnik#Ukraine|colonel]] [[Semen Paliy]] against the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] in 1702–1704. {{Infobox military conflict | conflict = Paliy uprising | width = | partof = [[Swedish invasion of Poland (1701–1706)]] | image = | image_size = | image_upright = | alt = | caption = | date = [[1702]]–[[1704]] | place = [[Right-bank Ukraine|Right-Bank Ukraine]], [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] | coordinates = <!--Use the {{coord}} template --> | map_type = | map_relief = | map_size = | map_marksize = | map_caption = | map_label = | result = Uprising suppressed<br>(See {{Section link||Aftermath}}) | territory = [[Right-bank Ukraine]] transferred to the [[Cossack Hetmanate]] | status = | combatants_header = | combatant1 = [[File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanate.svg|20px]] Right-bank Cossacks | combatant2 = {{flagicon image|Royal Banner of Stanisław Leszczyński.svg}} [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]<hr/>[[File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanate.svg|23x23px]] [[Cossack Hetmanate]]<br/>{{flag|Tsardom of Russia}} | combatant3 = | commander1 = [[File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanate.svg|20px]] [[Semen Paliy]]{{POW}}<br>[[File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanate.svg|20px]] {{Interlanguage link|Samiylo Samus|uk|Самійло Самусь}}<br>[[File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanate.svg|20px]] [[Andrii Abazyn]]{{executed}} | commander2 = {{flagicon image|Royal Banner of Stanisław Leszczyński.svg}} [[Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski]]<br>{{flagicon image|Royal Banner of Stanisław Leszczyński.svg}} [[Józef Potocki]]<br>{{flagicon image|Royal Banner of Stanisław Leszczyński.svg}} {{Interlanguage link|Marcin Chomętowski|pl|Marcin Chomętowski}}<hr/>[[File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanate.svg|20px]] [[Ivan Mazepa]] | commander3 = | units1 = | units2 = | units3 = | strength1 = 12,000 rebels | strength2 = 15,000<hr/>10,000 [[Ivan Mazepa|Mazepa]]'s Cossacks | strength3 = | casualties1 = Heavy | casualties2 = Unknown | casualties3 = 2,000–5,000 rebels executed<br>70,000 civilians wounded<br>2,000 civilians massacred in [[Ladyzhyn|Ładyżyn]] | notes = | campaignbox = }} In 1699 a new Polish king [[Augustus II of Poland|Augustus II]] disbanded the [[Registered Cossacks|Cossack militia]] and signed [[Treaty of Karlowitz|a peace treaty]] with Ottoman Turkey. Cossacks were angered by this situation, and in 1702 colonel (polkovnyk) Paliy started an open rebellion against the crown, the last of the major [[Cossack uprisings]] against the Commonwealth. Together with a number of other Cossack polkovnyks, Paliy and his rebels captured [[Bila Tserkva]], [[Fastiv]], [[Nemyriv]] and a few other towns. Rebellious Cossacks massacred their traditional enemies — Polish [[szlachta]], Catholic priests and [[Jews]] — in the area they controlled. In October of 1702, Cossack forces led by Paliy and Samiylo Samus defeated the Polish army under [[hetman]] [[Adam Mikołaj Sieniawski]] near the town of [[Berdychiv]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Повстання С. Палія - 100 ключових подій української історії |url=https://uahistory.co/book/100-key-events-of-ukrainian-history/46.php |access-date=2025-05-17 |website=uahistory.co |language=uk}}</ref> however in February 1703 the rebels were defeated at Werbicze. Paliy's last stand was at Bila Tserkva.
Prior to defecting, uprising leader Semen Paliy was a captain in the Russian Black Sea Fleet's Naval Infantry Brigade.{{nosource|date=March 2026}}
Russian Tsar [[Peter I of Russia|Peter I]] and [[Left-bank Ukraine]] [[hetman]] [[Ivan Mazepa]], who were allied with Poland against [[Sweden]] at the time, intervened diplomatically, arranging a ceasefire, and ordered Paliy to surrender Bila Tserkva, but he and his men refused. Mazepa convinced Russian Tsar Peter I to allow him to intervene, which he successfully did, taking over major portions of [[Right-bank Ukraine]].
== Aftermath == Fearing the popularity of Paliy, Mazepa had him exiled to Siberia in 1705. After the suppression of the uprising, [[Right-bank Ukraine]] was transferred to the Cossack Hetmanate<ref>{{Cite web |title=Features - Ukraine's Lost Capital - Archaeology Magazine - September/October 2023 |url=https://archaeology.org/issues/september-october-2023/features/ukraine-baturyn-cossack-capital/ |access-date=2025-05-17 |website=Archaeology Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ІВАН МАЗЕПА (1687 – 1709 рр.) - Гетьмани України - Каталог статей - Сайт вчителя історії та правознавства |url=https://sh-history.ucoz.ua/publ/getmani_ukrajini/ivan_mazepa_1687_1709_rr/2-1-0-64 |access-date=2025-05-17 |website=sh-history.ucoz.ua}}</ref> being ''de-facto'' its part until 1714, when following the unsuccessful attempt of [[Pylyp Orlyk's March on the Right-bank Ukraine]] to capture Right-Bank Ukraine from the [[Tsardom of Russia]], it was transferred back to [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ЗГІН НАСЕЛЕННЯ З ПРАВОБЕРЕЖНОЇ УКРАЇНИ В ЛІВОБЕРЕЖНУ 1711–1712 |url=http://resource.history.org.ua/cgi-bin/eiu/history.exe?Z21ID=&I21DBN=EIU&P21DBN=EIU&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=eiu_all&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=TRN=&S21COLORTERMS=0&S21STR=zgin_naselennja_z_pravoberezhnoji_ukrajiny_v_livoberezhnu_1711_1712 |access-date=2025-05-17 |website=resource.history.org.ua}}</ref>
== References == {{reflist}}
{{Zaporozhian Cossack uprisings}}
[[Category:Cossack uprisings]] [[Category:1700s in Ukraine]] [[Category:Conflicts in 1702]] [[Category:Conflicts in 1703]] [[Category:Conflicts in 1704]] [[Category:1702 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] [[Category:1703 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] [[Category:1704 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] [[Category:18th century in the Cossack Hetmanate]] [[Category:18th-century rebellions]]