P. Chidambaram

{{Short description|Indian politician and lawyer (born 1945)}} {{Indian patronymic|Chidambaram|Palaniappan}} {{Use Indian English|date=June 2014}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2016}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = P. Chidambaram | image = File:P.Chidambaram in a press conference.jpg | birth_name = Palaniyappan Chidambaram | nickname = | party = * Congress Jananayaka Peravai {{small|(2001–2004)}} | parents = Father : Palaniyappan Chettiyar Mother : Lakshmi Aachi | office1 = Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha | constituency1 = Tamil Nadu | term_start1 = 30 June 2022 | term_end1 = | predecessor1 = A. Navaneethakrishnan | successor1 = | term_start2 = 5 July 2016 | term_end2 = 16 June 2022 | constituency2 = Maharashtra | predecessor2 = Vijay J. Darda | successor2 = Imran Pratapgarhi | office3 = Union Minister of Home Affairs | prime_minister3 = Manmohan Singh | term_start3 = 29 November 2008 | term_end3 = 31 July 2012 | predecessor3 = Shivraj Patil | successor3 = Sushilkumar Shinde | office4 = Union Minister of Finance | term_start4 = 31 July 2012 | term_end4 = 26 May 2014 | prime_minister4 = Manmohan Singh | predecessor4 = Pranab Mukherjee | successor4 = Arun Jaitley | term_start5 = 22 May 2004 | term_end5 = 30 November 2008 | prime_minister5 = Manmohan Singh | predecessor5 = Jaswant Singh | successor5 = Pranab Mukherjee | prime_minister6 = I. K. Gujral | term_start6 = 1 May 1997 | term_end6 = 19 March 1998 | predecessor6 = I. K. Gujral | successor6 = Yashwant Sinha | prime_minister7 = H. D. Deve Gowda | term_start7 = 1 June 1996 | term_end7 = 21 April 1997 | predecessor7 = Jaswant Singh | successor7 = I. K. Gujral | office8 = Union Minister of Corporate Affairs | prime_minister8 = H. D. Deve Gowda | term_start8 = 1 June 1996 | term_end8 = 21 April 1997 | predecessor8 = Jaswant Singh | successor8 = Inder Kumar Gujral | office9 = Union Minister of Law and Justice | prime_minister9 = H. D. Deve Gowda | term_start9 = 1 June 1996 | term_end9 = 29 June 1996 | predecessor9 = Ram Jethmalani | successor9 = Ramakant Khalap | office10 = Union Minister of Commerce & Industry | prime_minister10 = P. V. Narasimha Rao | term_start10 = 10 February 1995 | term_end10 = 3 April 1996 | predecessor10 = Pranab Mukherjee | successor10 = P. V. Narasimha Rao | office11 = Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha | term_start11 = 17 May 2004 | term_end11 = 18 May 2014 | predecessor11 = E. M. Sudarsana Natchiappan | successor11 = P. R. Senthilnathan | constituency11 = Sivaganga | term_start12 = 31 December 1984 | term_end12 = 26 April 1999 | predecessor12 = R. Swaminathan | successor12 = E. M. Sudarsana Natchiappan | constituency12 = Sivaganga | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1945|9|16|df=y}} | birth_place = Kandanur, Madras Province, British India (now in Tamil Nadu, India) | death_date = | death_place = | other_party = {{bulleted list|Indian National Congress (1972–1996), (2004–present)|Tamil Maanila Congress (1996–2001)}} | spouse = Nalini Chidambaram | children = Karti Chidambaram (son) | alma_mater = University of Madras (BSc, LLB) Harvard University (MBA) Loyola College (MA) | profession = Senior Advocate Politician }}

'''Palaniyappan Chidambaram''' (born 16 September 1945),<ref name=bio/> better known as '''P. Chidambaram''', is an Indian politician and lawyer, who currently serves as a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha.<ref>[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/piyush-goyal-chidambaram-suresh-prabhu-sharad-yadav-elected-to-rajya-sabha/articleshow/52572237.cms Piyush Goyal, Chidambaram, Suresh Prabhu, Sharad Yadav elected to Rajya Sabha – The Economic Times] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812182013/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/piyush-goyal-chidambaram-suresh-prabhu-sharad-yadav-elected-to-rajya-sabha/articleshow/52572237.cms |date=12 August 2017 }}. Economictimes.indiatimes.com (3 June 2016). Retrieved on 2016-08-18.</ref> He served as the Chairman of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Home Affairs from 2017 to 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://164.100.47.5/newcommittee/reports/EnglishCommittees/Committee%2520on%2520Home%2520Affairs/205.pdf|title=Parliament of India Rajya Sabha - 205th Report Action taken by Government in 203rd report on Border Security|work=Parliament of India|access-date=2021-06-13|archive-date=19 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319225724/http://164.100.47.5/newcommittee/reports/EnglishCommittees/Committee%20on%20Home%20Affairs/205.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article-amp/pti-stories/chidambaram-to-head-parliamentary-panel-on-home-affairs-116091501344_1.html|title=Chidambaram to head Parliamentary panel on home affairs|work=Business Standard|access-date=2021-06-13|archive-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705121144/https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/chidambaram-to-head-parliamentary-panel-on-home-affairs-116091501344_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He also served as Interim Deputy Leader of Opposition in Rajya Sabha from 2022 to 2023 under Mallikarjun Kharge.

Chidambaram has served as the Union Minister of Finance four times.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Finance Ministers who shaped India's economy |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/finance-ministers-who-shaped-indias-economy/p-chidambaram-1996-1998/slideshow/67521710.cms |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=The Economic Times |archive-date=7 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307073542/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/finance-ministers-who-shaped-indias-economy/p-chidambaram-1996-1998/slideshow/67521710.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Most recently, he held the role for the entirety of the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance government from 2004 to 2014, except for a three-year period as Minister of Home Affairs, during which he oversaw India's domestic security response to the 26/11 terrorist attack in Mumbai. Chidambaram returned as Finance Minister in July 2012, succeeding Pranab Mukherjee, who resigned to become the President of India. He was included in ''Time'' 100 list in 2013.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Sharma |first=Ruchir |date=2013-04-18 |title=Palaniappan Chidambaram: The World's 100 Most Influential People |url=https://time100.time.com/2013/04/18/time-100/slide/palaniappan-chidambaram/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |magazine=Time |language=en-US |issn=0040-781X |archive-date=24 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224063332/https://time100.time.com/2013/04/18/time-100/slide/palaniappan-chidambaram/ |url-status=live }}</ref> He was also the head of Congress Manifesto Committee for the 2019 Lok Sabha Elections and 2024 Indian General Elections.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pandey |first=Neelam |date=2019-04-06 |title=Meet the young women and men who drafted Congress manifesto for Lok Sabha elections |url=https://theprint.in/politics/didnt-want-to-be-armchair-critic-why-these-youngsters-helped-frame-congress-manifesto/217374/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US |archive-date=5 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105190822/https://theprint.in/politics/didnt-want-to-be-armchair-critic-why-these-youngsters-helped-frame-congress-manifesto/217374/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The overall theme of the Congress Manifesto is three powerful words- Work, Wealth, and Welfare |url=https://www.inc.in/congress-sandesh/report/the-overall-theme-of-the-congress-manifesto-is-three-powerful-words-work-wealth-and-welfare |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=Indian National Congress |language=en |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705121143/https://www.inc.in/congress-sandesh/report/the-overall-theme-of-the-congress-manifesto-is-three-powerful-words-work-wealth-and-welfare |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Early life and education== Chidambaram was born to Kandanur L. Ct. L. Palaniyappan Chettiyar and Lakshmi Aachi at Kanadukathan in the Sivaganga district of Tamil Nadu. His maternal grandfather was Raja Sir Annamalai Chettiar, a wealthy merchant and banker from Chettinad.<ref>[https://archive.today/20130130232003/http://news.outlookindia.com/item.aspx?658835 Chidambaram, Wife Own Assets Worth Over Rs 20 Crore]. news.outlookindia.com (23 April 2009). Retrieved 16 August 2011.</ref>

Chidambaram did his schooling at the Madras Christian College Higher Secondary School, Chennai.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/6709112.cms | title=Star-studded 175th b'day for MCC school | work=The Times of India | date=7 October 2010 | access-date=7 October 2018 | archive-date=21 September 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921150755/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/star-studded-175th-bday-for-mcc-school/articleshow/6709112.cms | url-status=live }}</ref> He then passed the one-year Pre-university course from Loyola College, Chennai. After graduating with a BSc degree in Statistics from the Presidency College, Chennai, he completed his Bachelor of Laws from the Madras Law College (Dr. Ambedkar Government Law College) and his MBA from Harvard Business School in the class of 1968. He also holds a Master's degree from Loyola College, Chennai.<ref>[http://www.alumni.hbs.edu/bulletin/2005/december/newsmakers.html Meg Berté (MBA '00) – December 2005 – Alumni Bulletin – Harvard Business School] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621072633/http://www.alumni.hbs.edu/bulletin/2005/december/newsmakers.html |date=21 June 2010 }}. Alumni.hbs.edu. Retrieved 16 August 2011.</ref>

During this time, his politics inclined to the left and in 1969 he joined N. Ram, later an editor of ''The Hindu'', and the women's activist Mythili Sivaraman in starting a journal called the ''Radical Review''.<ref>{{cite news | first=Namita | last=Kohli | title=With fire in her belly | newspaper=The Hindu | date=11 October 2013 | url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/with-fire-in-her-belly/article5221963.ece | access-date=11 March 2014 | archive-date=11 March 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311140058/http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/with-fire-in-her-belly/article5221963.ece | url-status=live }}</ref>

Chidambaram has two brothers and one sister.<ref name=bio>[http://www.elections.in/political-leaders/p-chidambaram.html P Chidambaram Biography – About family, political life, awards won, history] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161216153757/http://www.elections.in/political-leaders/p-chidambaram.html |date=16 December 2016 }}. Elections.in. Retrieved on 18 August 2016.</ref> His father's business interests covered textiles, trading and plantations in India. He chose to concentrate on his legal practice and stayed away from the family business.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/karti-s-family-of-banking-pioneers/cid/1337168|title=P.Chidambaram|website=The Telegraph|access-date=2019-11-01|archive-date=14 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714123903/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/karti-s-family-of-banking-pioneers/cid/1337168|url-status=live}}</ref>

Chidambaram enrolled as a lawyer in the Madras High Court, becoming a senior advocate in 1984. He had offices in Delhi and Chennai and practiced in the Supreme Court and various high courts of India.

==Political career== Chidambaram was elected to the Lok Sabha (lower house) of the Indian Parliament from the Sivaganga constituency of Tamil Nadu in general elections held in 1984. He was a union leader for MRF and worked his way up in the Congress party. He was the Tamil Nadu Youth Congress president and then the general secretary of the Tamil Nadu Pradesh Congress Committee unit. He was inducted into the Union (Indian federal) Council of Ministers in the government headed by Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi on 21 September 1985 as a Deputy Minister in the Ministry of Commerce and then in the Ministry of Personnel. His main actions during his tenure in this period was to control the price of tea and he has been criticized by the Government of Sri Lanka for destroying the Sri Lankan tea trade by fixing the prices of the commodity in India using state power. He was elevated to the rank of Minister of State in the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions in January 1986. In October of the same year, he was appointed to the Ministry of Home Affairs as Minister of State for Internal Security. He continued to hold both offices until general elections were called in 1989. The Indian National Congress government was defeated in the general elections of 1989.

In June 1991, Chidambaram was inducted as a Minister of State (Independent Charge) in the Ministry of Commerce, by the then Prime Minister Mr P V Narasimha Rao; a post he held till July 1992. He was later re-appointed Minister of State (Independent Charge) in the Ministry of Commerce in February 1995 and held the post until April 1996. He made some radical changes in India's export-import (EXIM) policy, while at the Ministry of Commerce.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-13 |title=Commitment, quick decisions in making of new trade policy |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/express-economic-history-series-commitment-quick-decisions-in-making-of-new-trade-policy/ |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=4 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804143011/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/express-economic-history-series-commitment-quick-decisions-in-making-of-new-trade-policy/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Statement by Minster on Trade Policy |url=https://the1991project.com/statement-by-minster-on-trade-policy |access-date=2024-07-05 |website=the1991project.com |language=en |archive-date=30 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130103159/https://the1991project.com/statement-by-minster-on-trade-policy |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1996, Chidambaram quit the Congress party and joined a breakaway faction of the Tamil Nadu state unit of the Congress party called the Tamil Maanila Congress (TMC). In the general elections held in 1996, TMC along with a few national and regional level opposition parties, formed a coalition government.

===Ministry of Finance=== [[File:The Union Finance Minister, Shri P. Chidambaram meeting with the World Bank President, Mr. Robert B. Zoellick, in New Delhi on November 02, 2007.jpg|thumb|Chidambaram meeting with the 11th President of the World Bank Group Robert Zoellick in New Delhi on November 02, 2007|left]] The coalition government came as a big break for Chidambaram, who was given the key cabinet portfolio of Finance. His 1997 budget is still remembered as the dream budget<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/in-fact-18-years-ago-a-tax-amnesty-scheme-that-worked-and-why/|title=In fact: 18 years ago, a tax amnesty scheme that worked – and why|date=2015-10-02|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2018-07-15|archive-date=15 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180715235910/https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/in-fact-18-years-ago-a-tax-amnesty-scheme-that-worked-and-why/|url-status=live}}</ref> for the Indian economy. The coalition government was a short-lived one (it fell in 1998), but he was reappointed to the same portfolio in the government formed by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in 2004.

In 1998, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) took the reins of the government for the first time and it was not until May 2004 that Chidambaram would be back in government. Chidambaram became Minister of Finance again in the Congress party led United Progressive Alliance government on 24 May 2004. During the intervening period Chidambaram made some experiments in his political career, leaving the TMC in 2001 and forming his own party, the Congress Jananayaka Peravai, largely focused on the regional politics of Tamil Nadu. The party failed to take off into mainstream Tamil Nadu or national politics. After the elections of 2004, when the Congress won the election he was inducted into the Council of Ministers under the new Prime Minister Manmohan Singh as cabinet Minister of Finance and he merged his party with the mainstream Congress party.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/11/26/stories/2004112605371100.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041208234251/http://www.hindu.com/2004/11/26/stories/2004112605371100.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=8 December 2004 | newspaper=The Hindu | title=CJP merges with Congress | date=26 November 2004}}</ref>

===Ministry of Home Affairs=== [[File:The President, Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil receiving the ninth part of Report of the Committee of Parliament on Official Language from the Union Home Minister, Shri P. Chidambaram, in New Delhi on June 01, 2011.jpg|150px|thumb|left|Home Minister Chidambaram presenting ninth part of Report of the Committee of Parliament on Official Language to President of India Pratibha Patil.]] On 30 November 2008, he was appointed the Union Home Minister following the resignation of Shivraj Patil who had come under intense pressure to tender his resignation following a series of terror attacks in India, including the Mumbai attacks on 26 November 2008.

He has been credited with taking the bold decision of prioritising elections above corporate demands to deploy security for the 2009 Indian Premier League.<ref>[http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl2608/stories/20090424260808700.htm A victory for the terrorist?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717195742/http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl2608/stories/20090424260808700.htm |date=17 July 2012 }}. ''The Hindu''. Retrieved 1 November 2011.</ref>

In 2009, Chidambaram was re-elected from the Sivaganga Lok Sabha constituency in the Congress and retained the Home ministry.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/05/17/stories/2009051754730400.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090520162605/http://www.hindu.com/2009/05/17/stories/2009051754730400.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=20 May 2009 | newspaper=The Hindu | title=Chidambaram declared winner after 21 rounds of counting | date=17 May 2009}}</ref> He was one of the representatives of the central government when a tri-party agreement was signed with the Gorkha Hill Council and the Government of West Bengal, an agreement which was a result of Mamata Banerjee's effort to end a decade long unrest in the hills of Darjeeling.<ref name="indiatimes1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120412074710/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-07-19/india/29790139_1_bimal-gurung-gorkha-janmukti-morcha-darjeeling-hills "Historic pact paves way for peace in Darjeeling hills"]. ''The Times of India''. Retrieved 1 November 2011.</ref>

The Indian National Congress appointed P. Chidambaram as one of thirteen senior spokespersons on 15 September 2014.<ref>{{cite web|title=13 spokespersons chosen by Congress|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/shashi-tharoor-among-13-spokespersons-chosen-by-congress_905733.html|website=Zeenews|publisher=Zee Media Bureau|access-date=18 September 2014|date=2014-01-21|archive-date=13 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141013062541/http://zeenews.india.com/news/nation/shashi-tharoor-among-13-spokespersons-chosen-by-congress_905733.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He ceded his seat to his son Karti in 2014, which resulted in electoral defeat for his son.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/congress-leaders-opting-out-lok-sabha-polls-chidambaram-natarajan-184820-2014-03-13 | title=Ahead of polls, Congress leaders want to retreat | work=India Today | author=Priyamvatha P | date=13 March 2014 | access-date=8 October 2018 | archive-date=8 October 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181008180731/https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/congress-leaders-opting-out-lok-sabha-polls-chidambaram-natarajan-184820-2014-03-13 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/Chidambaram-wants-his-son-to-log-in-at-Sivaganga/articleshow/31977163.cms | title=Chidambaram wants his son to log in at Sivaganga | work=The Times of India | date=14 March 2014 | access-date=8 October 2018 | archive-date=5 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705121238/https://ssum-sec.casalemedia.com/usermatch?d=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2F&s=184674&cb=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.indexww.com%2Fht%2Fhtw-pixel.gif%3F | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/Jaya-tears-into-Chidambaram-in-his-home-turf/articleshow/32442313.cms | title=Jaya tears into Chidambaram in his home turf | work=The Times of India | author=V Mayilvaganan | date=22 March 2014 | access-date=8 October 2018 | archive-date=9 October 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009184132/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/Jaya-tears-into-Chidambaram-in-his-home-turf/articleshow/32442313.cms | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/Election-results-2014-As-P-Chidambaram-power-fails-Karti-comes-fourth/articleshow/35229275.cms | title=Election results 2014: As P Chidambaram power fails Karti comes fourth | work=The Times of India | author=V Mayilvaganan | date=17 May 2014 | access-date=8 October 2018 | archive-date=26 March 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326195956/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/Election-results-2014-As-P-Chidambaram-power-fails-Karti-comes-fourth/articleshow/35229275.cms | url-status=live }}</ref> In 2016, he was elected as an MP of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian parliament from the state of Maharashtra.

;Parliamentary Committee assignments * 13 September 2021 onwards: Member Committee on External Affairs.<ref name="Committee on External Affairs">{{cite web |title=Committee on External Affairs : Loksabha |url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Committee/CommitteeInformation.aspx?comm_code=11&tab=2 |website=loksabhaph.nic.in |access-date=20 January 2022 |archive-date=20 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120193324/http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Committee/CommitteeInformation.aspx?comm_code=11&tab=2 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Elections Contested== === Lok Sabha Elections Contested === {| class="sortable wikitable" ! Year ! Constituency ! colspan="2" | Party ! Votes % ! colspan="3" | Opponent ! Votes % ! Result ! Margin |- ! 1984 |rowspan=8|Sivaganga |{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}} | 68.10 |{{Party name with color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|rowspan=3}} |Tha. Kiruttinan | 51.60 |{{yes2|Won}} |{{yes2|16.50}} |- ! 1989 | 65.86 |A. Ganesan | 32.26 |{{yes2|Won}} |{{yes2|33.60}} |- ! 1991 | 67.49 |V. Kasinathan | 29.12 |{{yes2|Won}} |{{yes2|38.37}} |- ! 1996 |{{Party name with color|Tamil Maanila Congress|rowspan=3}} | 64.79 |{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}} |M. Gowri Shankaran | 26.53 |{{yes2|Won}} |{{yes2|38.26}} |- ! 1998 | 51.15 |{{Party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}} |K. Kalimuthu | 41.19 |{{yes2|Won}} |{{yes2|9.96}} |- ! 1999 | 20.85 |{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress}} |E. M. Sudarsana Natchiappan | 40.23 |{{no2|Lost}} |{{no2|19.38}} |- ! 2004 |{{Party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}} | 60.01 |{{Party name with color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|rowspan=2}} |S. P. Karuppiah | 35.62 |{{yes2|Won}} |{{yes2|24.39}} |- ! 2009 | 43.17 |Raja Kannappan | 42.74 |{{yes2|Won}} |{{yes2|0.43}} |}

===Rajya Sabha=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Position ! colspan="2" |Party ! Constituency ! From ! To ! Tenure |- | Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha (1st Term) | {{Party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}} | Maharashtra | 5 July 2016 | 16 June 2022 | '''{{ayd|2016|7|5|2022|6|16}}''' |- | Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha (2nd Term) | Tamil Nadu | 30 June 2022 | 29 June 2028 | '''{{ayd|2022|6|30|2028|6|29}}''' |}

== Positions held == [[File:The Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior, UAE, Lt. Gen. Sheikh Saif Bin Zayed Al Nahyan and the Union Home Minister.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Home Minister Chidambaram with Saif bin Zayed Al Nahyan.]] {| class="wikitable" ! From !! To !! Position / Role |- | June 2022 || Incumbent || * Elected to Rajya Sabha (Second Term) (Constituency: Tamil Nadu) * Member, Committee on Finance (Sept. 2022 - Sept. 2023) * Member, Committee on Home Affairs (Aug. 2023 - June 2024) * Member, Committee on Finance (Sept. 2024 - Incumbent) * Member, Consultative Committee for the Ministry of Finance (Oct. 2024 - Incumbent) * President, India–Italy Parliamentary Friendship Group (Feb. 2026 - Incumbent) |- | July 2016 || 16 June 2022 || * Elected to Rajya Sabha (Resigned) (Constituency: Maharasthra) * Chairman, Committee on Home Affairs (Sept. 2016 - May 2019) * Member, General Purposes Committee (March 2017 - Nov. 2019) * Member, Committee on External Affairs (Sept. 2019 - June 2022) |- | 2009 || 2014 || * Member, Fifteenth Lok Sabha (Seventh Term) * Union Cabinet Minister, Home Affairs (23 May 2009 - 31 Jul. 2012) * Union Cabinet Minister, Finance (Aug. 2012 - May 2014) |- | 2004 || 2009 || * Member, Fourteenth Lok Sabha (Sixth Term) * Union Cabinet Minister, Finance (23 May 2004 - Nov. 2008) * Union Cabinet Minister, Home Affairs (Dec. 2008 - May 2009) |- | 1998 || 1999 || * Member, Twelfth Lok Sabha (Fifth Term) * Member, Committee of Privileges * Member, Committee on Finance * Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of External Affairs |- | 1996 || 1998 || * Member, Eleventh Lok Sabha (Fourth Term) * Union Cabinet Minister, Finance (with addn. charge of Law, Justice and Company Affairs) (Company Affairs till April 1997) |- | 1991 || 1996 || * Member, Tenth Lok Sabha (Third Term) * Union Minister of State, Commerce (Independent Charge) (1991-92) (1995-96) |- | 1989 || 1991 || * Member, Ninth Lok Sabha (Second Term) * Member, Committee to review Lok Sabha Secretariat Rules, 1955 (1990-1990) * Member, Public Accounts Committee (1990-91) * Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Finance (1990-91) |- | 1984 || 1989 || * Member, Eighth Lok Sabha (First Term) * Union Deputy Minister, Commerce (Sept. 1985 - 1985) * Union Minister of State, Home Affairs (Internal Security) * Union Deputy Minister, Personnel, Administrative Reforms, Training, Public Grievances and Pensions (1985-89) |- | 1985 || 1985 || Joint Secretary, All India Congress Committee (I) |- | 1976 || 1977 || General-Secretary, Pradesh Congress Committee, Tamil Nadu |- | 1973 || 1976 || President, Youth Congress, Tamil Nadu |- | 1972 || 1972 || Member, All India Congress Committee |}

==Family and personal life== Chidambaram's mother, Lakshmi Acchi, was the daughter of Sir Annamalai Chettiar, a banker and merchant, and was granted the title of ''Raja'' by the British. Annamalai Chettiar was the founder of Annamalai University and United India Insurance Company Limited. His brother, Ramaswami Chettiar, was the founder of the Indian Bank and the co-founder of the Indian Overseas Bank.<ref>[http://www.mctmib.org/about_us.html M.Ct.M Group Education and Business Activities] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101231215058/http://www.mctmib.org/about_us.html |date=31 December 2010 }}. Mctmib.org. Retrieved 16 August 2011.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080808011451/http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/04/stories/2008080459340600.htm Tamil Nadu / Sivaganga News : IOB founder’s birth centenary celebrated]. The Hindu (4 August 2008). Retrieved 16 August 2011.</ref><ref>[http://chennainagarathar.com/nagarathar_vip_content.html Chennainagarathar.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110201035133/http://www.chennainagarathar.com/nagarathar_vip_content.html |date=1 February 2011 }}. Chennainagarathar.com. Retrieved 16 August 2011.</ref><ref>[http://annamalaiuniversity.ac.in/aboutus.php Welcome to Annamalai University] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222211010/http://annamalaiuniversity.ac.in/aboutus.php |date=22 February 2014 }}. Annamalaiuniversity.ac.in. Retrieved 16 August 2011.</ref><ref>[http://achi.org/wiki/raja-sir-annamalai-chettiar Raja Sir Annamalai Chettiar | Nagarathar Sangam of North America] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120710150223/http://achi.org/wiki/raja-sir-annamalai-chettiar |date=10 July 2012 }}. Achi.org. Retrieved 16 August 2011.</ref>

He is married to Nalini Chidambaram, daughter of Justice (Retd.) Palapatti Sadaya Goundar Kailasam and Mrs. Soundra Kailasam, a renowned Tamil poet and author. Nalini Chidambaram is a senior advocate practising in the Madras High Court and the Supreme Court of India. He has a son, Karti P. Chidambaram, who graduated with a BBA degree from the University of Texas, Austin, and a Masters in Law from the University of Cambridge. Karti, a member of the Congress Party's AICC, is active in Tamil Nadu state politics. Karti is married to Dr. Srinidhi Rangarajan, a well-known Bharathanatyam dancer and medical doctor, working with the Apollo Group of Hospitals in Chennai. Karti and Srinidhi have a daughter, Aditi Nalini Chidambaram.

==Controversies== {{Criticism section|date=April 2025}} The Voluntary Disclosure of Income Scheme (VDIS) 1997, which he announced when he was Finance Minister with the United Front government, was condemned by the Controller and Auditor General of India as abusive because of the loopholes that made it possible to fudge data to the financial advantage of the confessor.<ref name="jeth" />

Chidambaram was criticised for his ministry's failure to prevent the 2011 Mumbai bombings, despite massive investments in security following the 2008 Mumbai attacks. Three years after the 2008 attacks, security preparations were proven to be inadequate with channel breakdown and failures in modernising, procuring, and installing security equipment.<ref name="wsj-mumbaigap">{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304223804576447993312720946|title=Mumbai Response Points to Security Gaps|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=16 July 2011|access-date=26 July 2011|first=Megha|last=Bahree|archive-date=10 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150410043833/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304223804576447993312720946|url-status=live}}</ref> Chidambaram defended the agencies under his ministry against the charge of intelligence failure with the response which was later ridiculed by many people in India and its media:

{{blockquote|Having no intelligence in this case, however, does not mean that there was a failure on part of the intelligence agencies.<ref name=it-intel>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/mumbai-blasts-2011/story/mumbai-blasts-chidambaram-denies-intelligence-failure-137550-2011-07-14|title=Mumbai blasts: Chidambaram denies intelligence failure|work=India Today|date=15 July 2011|access-date=26 July 2011|archive-date=18 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718125551/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/story/mumbai-blasts-chidambaram-denies-intelligence-failure/1/144890.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

There has been no intelligence failure. There was no intelligence warning about 13/7.<ref name=yahoo-intel>{{cite news|url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/13-7-mumbai-blasts-chidambaram-rejects-charges-intelligence-070941960.html|title=13/7 Mumbai blasts: Chidambaram rejects charges of intelligence failure|publisher=Yahoo! News|date=14 July 2011|access-date=26 July 2011|archive-date=19 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120519122851/http://in.news.yahoo.com/13-7-mumbai-blasts-chidambaram-rejects-charges-intelligence-070941960.html|url-status=live}}</ref>}}

Tamil Nadu Chief Minister J.Jayalalithaa wrote to the Chief Election Commissioner in 2011 that data entry operators at Sivaganga had transferred 3,400 votes polled by Kannappan from 11 polling stations in Chidambaram's favour. News reports suggest that on May 16, 2009, the AIADMK candidate Raja Kannappan was declared elected by 3555 votes at 12.30 pm, and the news was also broadcast on television. But in a dramatic reversal a few hours later, P Chidambaram was declared elected by 3354 votes at 4.30 pm, and was confirmed as the winner after a recount at 8.30 pm.<ref name="web.archive.org">{{Cite web |url=http://www.niticentral.com/2014/02/09/mr-recount-minister-here-are-the-facts-of-sivaganga-poll-188438.html |title=Mr Recount Minister, here are the facts of Sivaganga poll | India News Analysis and Op-Ed Commentary | Politics | Governance | Economic Freedom | National Interest |access-date=18 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718164038/http://www.niticentral.com/2014/02/09/mr-recount-minister-here-are-the-facts-of-sivaganga-poll-188438.html |archive-date=18 July 2014 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

On 7 April 2009, Chidambaram was assaulted by Sikh journalist Jarnail Singh during a press conference in Delhi on the issue of a "clean chit" to Jagdish Tytler. Singh, who wrote for the Hindi daily newspaper ''Dainik Jagaran'' was dissatisfied with Chidamabaram's answer to a question on the Central Bureau of Investigation's (CBI) "clean chit" regarding Jagdish Tytler's involvement in the 1984 anti-Sikh riots. It was the first shoe throwing incident in India.<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videoshow/4369344.cms The Times of India] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090411031310/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videoshow/4369344.cms |date=11 April 2009 }}. Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved on 18 August 2016.</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Journalist hurls shoes at|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/journalist-hurls-shoe-at-p-chidambaram/444151/|access-date=12 March 2014|newspaper=Indian Express|archive-date=12 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312224523/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/journalist-hurls-shoe-at-p-chidambaram/444151/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Chidambaram was part of Vedanta's legal team and on its board before becoming finance minister in 2004 [42].<ref>{{cite news |title=Chidambaram's 2007 flip-flop let Anil Agarwal's Vedanta take over Sesa Goa |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/nation/story/20120123-vedanta-anil-agarwal-p-chidambaram-flip-flop-sesa-goa-756976-2012-01-14 |website=www.indiatoday.in |access-date=30 November 2018 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705121144/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/nation/story/20120123-vedanta-anil-agarwal-p-chidambaram-flip-flop-sesa-goa-756976-2012-01-14 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2002, a year before UK's Financial Services Authority allowed Sterlite to reconstitute itself as Vedanta Resources Plc, the Enforcement Directorate (ED) served a show-cause notice on three of Chairman Anil Agarwal's family. The notice was a demand that Sterlite directors answer allegations about using their holding companies-Volcan and Twinstar-to avoid paying taxes on forex transactions. It was a polite way of saying there was prima facie evidence, dating back to 1993, that the Agarwals were guilty of money laundering. For seven years the case dragged on in courts as Sterlite employed top lawyers to use every possible delaying tactic. P. Chidambaram argued in Sterlite's defence in a 2003 Bombay High Court case related to the ED's allegations. The following year, Chidambaram found himself appointed non-executive director on the board of Vedanta Resources Plc. And very soon, he became finance minister in UPA 1.

Former Union Minister and Senior Advocate Ram Jethmalani's letter to Chidambaram on 6 December 2013 accused him of acting in collusion with the NDTV and laundering Rs 5000 crores of money through Mauritius route back to India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/190072062/Ram-Jethmalani-s-letter-to-P-Chidambaram-in-NDTV-money-laundering-matter|title=Ram Jethmalani's letter to P. Chidambaram in NDTV money laundering matter | Indian Black Money | Money Laundering|access-date=19 June 2018|archive-date=7 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507115043/https://www.scribd.com/doc/190072062/Ram-Jethmalani-s-letter-to-P-Chidambaram-in-NDTV-money-laundering-matter|url-status=live}}</ref>

In September 2025, Chidambaram revealed that in the aftermath of the 2008 Mumbai terror attacks, the Congress-led UPA government had decided not to retaliate against Pakistan for sponsoring the attack, due to intense international pressure, although they were ready to act.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.livemint.com/politics/news/us-stopped-us-from-acting-against-pak-p-chidambarams-big-26-11-confession-bjp-reacts-too-little-too-late-watch-11759201148165.html|title= 'US stopped us from acting against Pak': Chidambaram's big 26/11 confession; BJP reacts – 'too little, too late' {{!}} Watch|website=LiveMint.com}}</ref> Several BJP leaders condemned the admission and accused the Congress party for being soft on Pakistan, commenting that the statement came too little, too late.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/maharashtra/upa-governments-decision-not-to-act-against-pakistan-after-2611-amounted-to-treachery-eknath-shinde/article70119924.ece|title= UPA government's decision not to act against Pakistan after 26/11 amounted to treachery: Eknath Shinde}}</ref>

=== INX Media, Aircel-Maxis case === {{Main|INX Media case}} In 2006, political leader Dr. Subramanian Swamy alleged that a company controlled by Karti Chidambaram, the son of Minister of Finance P. Chidambaram, received a five-percent share of Aircel to get part of {{INR}}40 billion paid by Maxis Communications for the 74-percent share of Aircel. According to Swamy, Chidambaram withheld Foreign Investment Promotion Board clearance of the deal until his son received the five-percent share in Siva's company.<ref name="Govt's defence of Chidambaram rings hollow">{{cite news | url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/home/online-channel/360-todays-newspaper/63605-govts-defence-of-chidambaram-rings-hollow.html | title=Govt's defence of Chidambaram rings hollow | work=The Pioneer | date=8 May 2012 | access-date=10 May 2012 | archive-date=9 May 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509152448/http://www.dailypioneer.com/home/online-channel/360-todays-newspaper/63605-govts-defence-of-chidambaram-rings-hollow.html | url-status=live }}</ref> The issue was raised a number of times in Parliament by the opposition, which demanded Chidambaram's resignation.<ref name="Aircel-Maxis Deal: Parliament Disrupted Over PC's Role">{{cite news | url=http://news.outlookindia.com/items.aspx?artid=761922&commentid=49662#49662 | title=Aircel-Maxis Deal: Parliament Disrupted Over PC's Role | work=Outlook India | date=8 May 2012 | access-date=10 May 2012 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110022112/http://news.outlookindia.com/items.aspx?artid=761922&commentid=49662#49662 | archive-date=10 November 2013 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> Although Chidambaram and the then ruling Congress government denied the allegations,<ref name="Aircel-Maxis Deal: PC Dismisses Charges as Reckless">{{cite news|url=http://news.outlookindia.com/items.aspx?artid=762153 |title=Aircel-Maxis Deal: PC Dismisses Charges as Reckless |work=Outlook India |date=10 May 2012 |access-date=10 May 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510162107/http://news.outlookindia.com/items.aspx?artid=762153 |archive-date=10 May 2012 }}</ref> ''The Pioneer'' and ''India Today'' reported the existence of documents showing that Chidambaram delayed approval of the foreign direct investment proposal by about seven months.<ref name="Govt's defence of Chidambaram rings hollow" /><ref name="Document shows Chidambaram delayed Aircel-Maxis deal by 7 months">{{cite news | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/document-shows-chidambaram-delayed-aircel-maxis-deal-101532-2012-05-07 | title=Document shows Chidambaram delayed Aircel-Maxis deal by 7 months | work=India Today | date=8 May 2012 | access-date=10 May 2012 | archive-date=9 May 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509005614/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/document-shows-chidambaram-delayed-aircel-maxis-deal/1/187868.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Govt trapped in own web of deceit">{{cite news | url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/home/online-channel/360-todays-newspaper/63884-govt-trapped-in-own-web-of-deceit.html | title=Govt trapped in own web of deceit | work=The Pioneer | date=9 May 2012 | access-date=10 May 2012 | archive-date=11 May 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511164408/http://www.dailypioneer.com/home/online-channel/360-todays-newspaper/63884-govt-trapped-in-own-web-of-deceit.html | url-status=live }}</ref> It was alleged that Chidambaram's son, Karti was a direct beneficiary of the 2G spectrum case. His company, Advantage Strategic Consulting had a five per cent stake in Aircel Televentures, even as his father P Chidambaram, as Finance minister, was alleged to have offered FIPB clearance for the Aircel-Maxis deal only if his son's company, Advantage Strategic Consulting, got shares in Aircel Ventures.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Chidambarams-son-a-direct-beneficiary-of-2G-scam-Subramaniam-Swamy/articleshow/12878815.cms| title=Chidambaram's son a direct beneficiary of 2G scam: Subramaniam Swamy| work=The Times of India| date=26 April 2012| access-date=11 June 2018| archive-date=17 December 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217200340/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Chidambarams-son-a-direct-beneficiary-of-2G-scam-Subramaniam-Swamy/articleshow/12878815.cms| url-status=live}}</ref> The Enforcement Directorate is currently investigating his involvement in Aircel deal.<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/chidambaram-expected-to-appear-before-ed-on-tuesday-in-aircel-maxis-money-laundering-case/story-i5IZZutYnamyVU5X1WMfSM.html| title=Chidambaram expected to appear before ED on Tuesday in Aircel-Maxis money laundering case| date=2018-06-04| access-date=11 June 2018| archive-date=12 June 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143551/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/chidambaram-expected-to-appear-before-ed-on-tuesday-in-aircel-maxis-money-laundering-case/story-i5IZZutYnamyVU5X1WMfSM.html| url-status=live}}</ref> In 2012, and, subsequently, in 2016, information of wide-scale corruption by Chidambaram's son Karti Chidambaram and Robert Vadra, with the help of his father's position, including through the Airtel–Maxis deal and the Uttar Pradesh NRHM scam, was unveiled in prominent newspapers and media in India.<ref name="oneindia">{{cite news|last1=Chidambaram|first1=Narita|title=Subramanian Swamy exposes Chidambaram, son in corruption case|url=http://www.oneindia.com/2012/04/26/chidambaram-helped-son-in-corruption-subramanian-swamy.html|access-date=27 October 2016|publisher=One India|date=26 April 2012|archive-date=27 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027192642/http://www.oneindia.com/2012/04/26/chidambaram-helped-son-in-corruption-subramanian-swamy.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Simultaneously, Chidambaram and his son Karti have been dogged with allegations of corruption, misuse of position, insider trading and money laundering.

===Imprisonment=== On 20 August 2019, the Delhi High Court dismissed both anticipatory bail pleas of Chidambaram in connection with corruption charges in the INX Media case during his tenure as Finance minister in UPA Government.<ref name="oneindia" /><ref name="mint">{{cite news|last1=Verma|first1=Gyan|last2=Khanna|first2=Pretika|title=Pioneer – the unlikely crusader|url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/NQFI4Ii1ilyeb9EpfWLoWN/The-Pioneer-The-unlikely-crusader.html|access-date=27 October 2016|publisher=The Live Mint|date=4 March 2016|archive-date=27 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027193328/http://www.livemint.com/Politics/NQFI4Ii1ilyeb9EpfWLoWN/The-Pioneer-The-unlikely-crusader.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="jeth">{{cite news|title=Friend, father & philosopher of black money is Chidambaram|url=http://www.sunday-guardian.com/analysis/friend-father-a-philosopher-of-black-money-is-chidambaram|access-date=27 October 2016|publisher=The Sunday Guardian|date=27 October 2016|archive-date=27 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027194519/http://www.sunday-guardian.com/analysis/friend-father-a-philosopher-of-black-money-is-chidambaram|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Correspondent|first1=Special|title=ED searches Karti's office; Chidambaram alleges harassment|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ed-searches-kartis-office-chidambaram-alleges-harassment/article7997679.ece|access-date=27 October 2016|work=The Hindu|date=21 December 2015|archive-date=5 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705121148/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ED-searches-Karti%E2%80%99s-office-Chidambaram-alleges-harassment/article60572205.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> On 21 August, he appeared at the Congress HQ and addressed a press conference stating that he was "not accused"; however, he left the place, and, later, he was arrested by the Central Bureau of Investigation and Enforcement Directorate at his home.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/chidambaram-arrested-taken-to-cbi-office-for-questioning-in-inx-media-case/article29214167.ece|title=Chidambaram arrested in INX Media case after high drama|date=2019-08-21|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-08-22|issn=0971-751X|archive-date=21 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821191753/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/chidambaram-arrested-taken-to-cbi-office-for-questioning-in-inx-media-case/article29214167.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/live-updates-chidambaram-arrested-inx-media-case-indrani-mukerjea-karti-cbi-2279293.html|title=In 2nd Round of Interrogation, CBI Quizzes Chidambaram on Meeting With Indrani Mukerjea {{!}} LIVE Updates|date=2019-08-22|website=News18|access-date=2019-08-22|archive-date=22 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822043755/https://www.news18.com/news/india/live-updates-chidambaram-arrested-inx-media-case-indrani-mukerjea-karti-cbi-2279293.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/video/p-chidambaram-arrest-as-it-happened-1590176-2019-08-22|title=P Chidambaram's arrest: As it happened|website=India Today|access-date=2019-08-22|archive-date=22 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822043756/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/video/p-chidambaram-arrest-as-it-happened-1590176-2019-08-22|url-status=live}}</ref> On 5 September 2019, Supreme Court dismissed his appeal against rejection of anticipatory bail plea by Delhi High Court. The Special Court ordered Chidambaram to stay in judicial custody in Tihar Jail for 14 days. He was incarcerated for a total of 106 days in Tihar Jail. On 4 December he was granted bail by the supreme court.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/inx-media-case-chidambaram-lands-in-tihar-jail-that-currently-has-17-400-inmates-1596071-2019-09-06|title=INX Media case: Chidambaram lands in Tihar Jail that currently has 17,400 inmates|via=Press Trust of India|date=September 6, 2019|magazine=India Today|access-date=2019-09-05|archive-date=5 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905213642/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/inx-media-case-chidambaram-lands-in-tihar-jail-that-currently-has-17-400-inmates-1596071-2019-09-06|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Books, research papers and journals== Chidambaram is a published author of several books.

===Books=== * ''Fearless in Opposition: Power and Accountability'' (Publisher: Rupa Publications India; {{ISBN|978-8129145291}}) * ''The Watershed Year: Which Way Will India Go'' (Publisher: Bloomsbury India; ASIN B0CWB4X4JK) * ''Standing Guard: A Year in Opposition'' (Publisher: Rupa Publications India; {{ISBN|978-8129139627}}) * ''Speaking Truth to Power: My Alternative View'' (Publisher: Rupa Publications India; {{ISBN|978-8129151063}}) * ''Undaunted: Saving the Idea of India'' (Publisher: Rupa Publications India; {{ISBN|978-9353333737}}) * ''A View from the Outside: Why Good Economics Works for Everyone'' (Publisher: Penguin India; {{ISBN|978-0670081165}})

==Books featuring Chidambaram== * ''An Agenda for India's Growth: Essays in Honour of P. Chidambaram'' (Publisher: Academic Foundation; {{ISBN|978-9332700093}})

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{Wikiquote}} {{Commons category|Palaniappan Chidambaram}} * [http://archivepmo.nic.in/drmanmohansingh/pmsteam.php Cabinet of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh] ''Prime Ministers Office, Archived'' * [https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3741169.stm Profile] at ''BBC News'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130422102312/http://www.charlierose.com/view/interview/12886 Interview] with ''Charlie Rose'' in April 2013

{{Navboxes |title=Offices and distinctions |list1= {{s-start}} {{s-par|in-upr}} {{s-bef|before=N/A}} {{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for Rajya Sabha (Maharashtra) |years=2016 to 2022}} {{s-aft|after=N/A}} {{s-break}} {{s-par|in-lwr}} {{s-bef|before=R. V. Swaminathan}} {{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for Sivaganga|years=1984–1999}} {{s-aft|after={{nowrap|E. M. Sudarsana Natchiappan}}}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before={{nowrap|E. M. Sudarsana Natchiappan}}}} {{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for Sivaganga|years=2004–2014}} {{s-aft|after={{nowrap|P.R. Senthilnathan}}}} {{s-break}} {{s-off}} {{s-bef|before=Kamakhya Prasad Singh Deo}} {{s-ttl|title=Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions|years=1985–1989}} {{s-aft|after=Margaret Alva}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before=Jaswant Singh}} {{s-ttl|title=Minister of Finance|years=1996–1997}} {{s-aft|after=Inder Kumar Gujral}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before=Inder Kumar Gujral}} {{s-ttl|title=Minister of Finance|years=1997–1998}} {{s-aft|after=Yashwant Sinha}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before=Jaswant Singh}} {{s-ttl|title=Minister of Finance|years=2004–2008}} {{s-aft|after=Manmohan Singh}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before=Shivraj Patil}} {{s-ttl|title=Minister of Home Affairs|years=2008–2012}} {{s-aft|after=Sushilkumar Shinde}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before=Manmohan Singh}} {{s-ttl|title=Minister of Finance|years=2012–2014}} {{s-aft|after=Arun Jaitley}} {{s-end}} }} {{Navboxes | title = Ministries held by P. Chidambaram | list = {{Cabinet of Manmohan Singh}} {{Finance Ministers of India}} {{Home Ministers of India}} {{Ministry of Commerce and Industry (India)}} }} {{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chidambaram, P.}} Category:1945 births Category:Living people Category:India MPs 1984–1989 Category:India MPs 1989–1991 Category:India MPs 1991–1996 Category:India MPs 1996–1997 Category:India MPs 1998–1999 Category:India MPs 2004–2009 Category:India MPs 2009–2014 Category:Harvard Business School alumni Category:Tamil Maanila Congress politicians Category:Indian Hindus Category:Lok Sabha members from Tamil Nadu Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Tamil Nadu Category:Presidency College, Chennai alumni Category:Union ministers from Tamil Nadu Category:University of Madras alumni Category:Rajya Sabha members from Maharashtra Category:People from Sivaganga district Category:Indian prisoners and detainees Category:Inmates of Tihar Jail Category:Ministers of finance of India Category:Ministers for corporate affairs Category:Ministers of internal affairs of India Category:Commerce and industry ministers of India Category:Rajya Sabha members from Tamil Nadu