Plastin-3 is a highly conserved protein that in humans is encoded by the PLS3 gene on the X chromosome.[1][2]

Function

Plastins are a family of actin-binding proteins that are conserved throughout eukaryote evolution and expressed in most tissues of higher eukaryotes. In humans, two ubiquitous plastin isoforms (L and T) have been identified. Plastin 1 (otherwise known as Fimbrin) is a third distinct plastin isoform which is specifically expressed at high levels in the small intestine. The L isoform is expressed only in hemopoietic cell lineages, while the T isoform has been found in all other normal cells of solid tissues that have replicative potential (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, melanocytes, etc.). The C-terminal 570 amino acids of the T-plastin and L-plastin proteins are 83% identical. It contains a potential calcium-binding site near the N-terminus.[2]

Clinical significance

Defects in PLS3 are associated with osteoporosis and bone fracture in humans and in knockout zebrafish.[3]

References

  1. ^ Lin CS, Park T, Chen ZP, Leavitt J (Mar 1993). "Human plastin genes. Comparative gene structure, chromosome location, and differential expression in normal and neoplastic cells". J Biol Chem. 268 (4): 2781–92. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)53842-4. PMID 8428952
  2. ^ "Entrez Gene: PLS3 plastin 3 (T isoform)"
  3. ^ van Dijk FS, Zillikens MC, Micha D, Riessland M, Marcelis CL, de Die-Smulders CE, Milbradt J, Franken AA, Harsevoort AJ, Lichtenbelt KD (October 2013). "PLS3 Mutations in X-Linked Osteoporosis with Fractures". N. Engl. J. Med.. 369 (16): 1529–36. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.713.901. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1308223. PMID 24088043

Further reading

  • Lin CS, Aebersold RH, Leavitt J (1990). "Correction of the N-terminal sequences of the human plastin isoforms by using anchored polymerase chain reaction: identification of a potential calcium-binding domain". Mol. Cell. Biol.. 10 (4): 1818–21. doi:10.1128/MCB.10.4.1818. PMC 362293. PMID 2378651
  • Lin CS, Aebersold RH, Kent SB, etal (1988). "Molecular cloning and characterization of plastin, a human leukocyte protein expressed in transformed human fibroblasts". Mol. Cell. Biol.. 8 (11): 4659–68. doi:10.1128/MCB.8.11.4659. PMC 365555. PMID 3211125
  • Goldstein D, Djeu J, Latter G, etal (1985). "Abundant synthesis of the transformation-induced protein of neoplastic human fibroblasts, plastin, in normal lymphocytes". Cancer Res.. 45 (11 Pt 2): 5643–7. PMID 4053036
  • Arpin M, Friederich E, Algrain M, etal (1995). "Functional differences between L- and T-plastin isoforms". J. Cell Biol.. 127 (6 Pt 2): 1995–2008. doi:10.1083/jcb.127.6.1995. PMC 2120298. PMID 7806577
  • Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298
  • Lin CS, Shen W, Chen ZP, etal (1994). "Identification of I-plastin, a human fimbrin isoform expressed in intestine and kidney". Mol. Cell. Biol.. 14 (4): 2457–67. doi:10.1128/mcb.14.4.2457. PMC 358613. PMID 8139549
  • Goldsmith SC, Pokala N, Shen W, etal (1997). "The structure of an actin-crosslinking domain from human fimbrin". Nat. Struct. Biol.. 4 (9): 708–12. doi:10.1038/nsb0997-708. PMID 9302997. S2CID 9506514
  • Shoeman RL, Hartig R, Hauses C, Traub P (2003). "Organization of focal adhesion plaques is disrupted by action of the HIV-1 protease". Cell Biol. Int.. 26 (6): 529–39. doi:10.1006/cbir.2002.0895. PMID 12119179. S2CID 39778155
  • Rao RM, Rama S, Rao AJ (2004). "Changes in T-plastin expression with human trophoblast differentiation". Reprod. Biomed. Online. 7 (2): 235–42. doi:10.1016/S1472-6483(10)61758-0. PMID 14567899
  • Su MW, Dorocicz I, Dragowska WH, etal (2004). "Aberrant expression of T-plastin in Sezary cells". Cancer Res.. 63 (21): 7122–7. PMID 14612505
  • Giganti A, Plastino J, Janji B, etal (2005). "Actin-filament cross-linking protein T-plastin increases Arp2/3-mediated actin-based movement". J. Cell Sci.. 118 (Pt 6): 1255–65. doi:10.1242/jcs.01698. PMID 15741236
  • Ralser M, Nonhoff U, Albrecht M, etal (2005). "Ataxin-2 and huntingtin interact with endophilin-A complexes to function in plastin-associated pathways". Hum. Mol. Genet.. 14 (19): 2893–909. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddi321. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-85BB-5. PMID 16115810
  • Ikeda H, Sasaki Y, Kobayashi T, etal (2006). "The role of T-fimbrin in the response to DNA damage: silencing of T-fimbrin by small interfering RNA sensitizes human liver cancer cells to DNA-damaging agents". Int. J. Oncol.. 27 (4): 933–40. doi:10.3892/ijo.27.4.933. PMID 16142308