{{Infobox settlement |name=Oxapampa |image_skyline={{Photo montage | photo1a = OxapampaPlaza.jpg | size = 220 }} |image_caption= |image_flag=Bandera de Oxapampa.png |image_shield=Escudo de Oxapampa.png | coordinates = {{coord|10.574|S|75.405|W|region:PE|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{PER}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Peru|Region]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Peru|Province]] | subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Peru|District]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Department of Pasco|Pasco]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Oxapampa Province|Oxapampa]] | subdivision_name3 = [[Oxapampa District|Oxapampa]] |pushpin_map = Peru |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_mapsize = |pushpin_map_caption = Location in Peru |leader_title=Mayor |leader_name=Juan Carlos La Torre Moscoso |elevation_m=1814 |area_total_km2= |established_title=Founded |established_date=1891 |population_total=14304 |population_as_of=2017 |population_density_km2=auto | timezone= PET | utc_offset= −5 }}
'''Oxapampa''' is the capital of [[Oxapampa District]] and [[Oxapampa Province]] in [[Peru]] in the eastern part of the [[Pasco Region]].<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=INCgSn3BRwwC&q=Oxapampa&pg=PA473 |title=Peru - Google Books |isbn=9781740597494 |access-date=2011-02-15 |last1=Benson |first1=Sara |last2=Hellander |first2=Paul |last3=Wlodarski |first3=Rafael |year=2007 }}</ref> Oxapampa belongs to the natural region known as Selva Alta or high jungle. {{convert|80|km|mile}} northward down the valley of the [[Huancabamba River]] is the settlement of [[Pozuzo]] (altitude 800 m).<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nP1LAMJ1IEgC&q=Oxapampa&pg=PA489 |title=The Rough Guide to Peru - Google Books |isbn=9781843530749 |access-date=2011-02-15 |last1=Jenkins |first1=Dilwyn |year=2003 }}</ref> The most important agricultural pursuits in the region are raising [[cattle]] and growing [[coffee]].{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}
Oxapampa was founded in 1891 by settlers of Austrian and Germanic origin from Pozuzo. The town and the region retains a Germanic flavor in its [[Tyrol]]ean architecture and celebrates its origins in public celebrations. Oxapampa, due to its mild climate and scenic surroundings, has become a tourist destination since access was improved by highway construction beginning in the 1980s.
==Etymology== ''Oxapampa'' comes from the [[Quechuan languages|Quechua]] ''Uqshapampa'', meaning "straw plain" or "grassy plain", where ''uqsha'' means "straw" and ''pampa'' means "plain" or flat area.
The toponym is ''Koshapampó'' in [[Yanesha' language|Yanesha']].<ref>{{Citation |title=Oxapampa (en yánesha: Koshapampó) drone Perú 😍 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r9Erb76ajTY |access-date=2024-02-22 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Blues Selvático en Koshapampó (en Yanesha) o Oxapampa-Resumen 2023 en el veranito 🇵🇪❤ en Café Bambú |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVDz6Zr--MY |access-date=2024-02-22 |language=en}}</ref>
== History ==
In March 1857, a group of 300 [[County of Tyrol|Tyrolean]] and [[Prussia]]n settlers, consisting mainly of poor peasant families and couples who were not allowed to marry in their home countries, boarded the “Norton” to go to Peru. Before starting the journey, the couples were married. After 4 months, the settlers arrived at [[Callao]] port in [[Lima, Peru|Lima]]. After two days of [[quarantine]], the settlers took a ship to the port of [[Huacho, Peru|Huacho]], where their belongings were put on mules and men had to continue the journey on foot while women and children were given donkeys to ride on. The journey went from Huacho to [[Cerro de Pasco]], [[Acobamba]] and [[Santa Cruz, Pasco|Santa Cruz]]. On the way, some of the settlers left the group.<ref>{{citation|first=Siegfried|last=Moll|title=Peru wollte deutsche Einwanderer – Teil I|newspaper=Traunsteiner Tagblatt|year=2007|volume=28/2007|url=http://www.traunsteiner-tagblatt.de/includes/mehr_chiemg.php?id=632|language=de|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719095243/http://www.traunsteiner-tagblatt.de/includes/mehr_chiemg.php?id=632|archive-date=2011-07-19}}</ref> In 1858, the male settlers travelled from Santa Cruz to Pozuzo to partition the lands and sow enough so they would be able to live off their crops once their families arrived. Finally, in 1859 a group of 170 people moved permanently to Pozuzo.<ref>{{citation|first=Siegfried|last=Moll|title=Peru wollte deutsche Einwanderer – Teil II|newspaper=Traunsteiner Tagblatt|year=2007|volume=29/2007|url=http://www.traunsteiner-tagblatt.de/includes/mehr_chiemg.php?id=634|language=de|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719095247/http://www.traunsteiner-tagblatt.de/includes/mehr_chiemg.php?id=634|archive-date=2011-07-19}}</ref>
In 1891, when things were better, a group of colonists from Pozuzo founded the city of Oxapampa (now the capital of the province of same name) and then the town of Villa Rica (both south of Pozuzo).<ref>{{cite book|author=Dilwyn Jenkins|title=The Rough Guide to Peru|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Aj8VzlKRlL4C&pg=PA499|date=2009-07-01|publisher=Rough Guides Limited|isbn=978-1-84836-053-2|pages=499–}}</ref>
==Geography== ===Climate=== Oxapama has a [[Oceanic climate|''Cfb'']] (humid, sub-tropical with warm summers, "eternal spring" ) climate under the [[Köppen Classification]] system. Measured by the [[Trewartha climate classification]] system the climate is ''Crlk'' (humid, subtropical with mild summers and cool winters). Oxapampa's climate is modified by its altitude which results in lower temperatures year round than the nearby low-elevation tropics. The monthly deviation in average temperatures between the hottest and coldest months is only {{convert|2.2|C-change|F-change|disp=or}}. The austral winter months of June, July, and August are moderately dry, but rain is abundant during the remainder of the year. {{Weather box|width=auto |metric first=y |single line=y |collapsed = Y |location = Oxapampa, elevation {{convert|1801|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020) |Jan high C = 23.0 |Feb high C = 22.8 |Mar high C = 23.1 |Apr high C = 23.4 |May high C = 23.2 |Jun high C = 22.9 |Jul high C = 22.9 |Aug high C = 23.6 |Sep high C = 23.9 |Oct high C = 24.0 |Nov high C = 24.0 |Dec high C = 23.2 |year high C = |Jan mean C = 18.5 |Feb mean C = 18.5 |Mar mean C = 18.4 |Apr mean C = 18.3 |May mean C = 18.0 |Jun mean C = 17.4 |Jul mean C = 17.0 |Aug mean C = 17.3 |Sep mean C = 17.6 |Oct mean C = 18.4 |Nov mean C = 18.7 |Dec mean C = 18.6 |year mean C = |Jan low C = 14.0 |Feb low C = 14.1 |Mar low C = 13.7 |Apr low C = 13.1 |May low C = 12.7 |Jun low C = 11.8 |Jul low C = 11.0 |Aug low C = 11.0 |Sep low C = 11.2 |Oct low C = 12.7 |Nov low C = 13.3 |Dec low C = 13.9 |year low C = |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 203.0 |Feb precipitation mm = 223.4 |Mar precipitation mm = 194.4 |Apr precipitation mm = 96.2 |May precipitation mm = 48.7 |Jun precipitation mm = 30.9 |Jul precipitation mm = 36.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 42.1 |Sep precipitation mm = 55.8 |Oct precipitation mm = 108.4 |Nov precipitation mm = 114.9 |Dec precipitation mm = 195.9 |year precipitation mm = |source 1 = National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru<ref name = SENAMHI>{{cite web | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230821192714/https://www.senamhi.gob.pe/?p=normales-estaciones | archive-date = 21 August 2023 | url = https://www.senamhi.gob.pe/?p=normales-estaciones | title = Normales Climáticas Estándares y Medias 1991-2020 | publisher=National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru | access-date = 20 June 2024}}</ref> }}
==Gallery== <gallery widths="160px" heights="120px"> File:Vista de Oxapampa desde el Mirador de Chontabamba.jpg|Oxapampa valley with the town in the distance. Image:Plaza de Oxapampa 03.jpg|The main plaza Image:Oxapampa Perú.jpg|The church on the main plaza. Image:Oxapampa peru.jpg|Celebrating their German heritage. Image:Catarata Anana.JPG|Anana waterfall Image:Rio Huancabamba - panoramio.jpg|Huancabamba River, near Oxapampa. </gallery>
==References== {{reflist}}
== External links == {{Wikivoyage|Oxapampa}} * [http://www.oxapampa.biz/ Website with general information, maps, hotels, restaurants, commerce etc.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170206154055/http://pozuzoguia.blogspot.pe/ Pozuzo Webpage] * [http://media.peru.info/mapas/pasco.jpg Map with Oxapampa and Pozuzo region (Pasco department)]
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[[Category:Populated places in the Department of Pasco]]