{{short description|International agreement signed at the First International Conference on Health Promotion}} [[File:Flag of WHO.svg|thumb|The flag of the [[World Health Organization]]]]
The '''Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion''' is the name of an international agreement signed at the First International Conference on Health Promotion, organized by the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) and held in [[Ottawa]], [[Canada]], in November 1986.<ref name="Ottawa">World Health Organization. [https://www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/previous/ottawa/en/index.html The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion.] Adopted on 21 November 1986.</ref> It launched a series of actions among international organizations, national governments and local communities to achieve the goal of "[[Health For All]]" by the year 2000 and beyond through better [[health promotion]].{{cn|date=June 2022}}
==Context== The thirtieth WHO [[World Health Assembly]], held in 1977, had highlighted the importance of promoting [[health]] so that all the international citizens had an "economically productive" level of health by the year 2000. Further, a localised European taskforce developed a strategy for [[health promotion]] in the [[WHO]] [[Europe]]an Region.{{cn|date=June 2021}}
In the context of this charter, the concept of 'health' is particular. It covers the extent to which a group or individual can fulfil their ambitions and needs, on the one hand, and evolve with or adapt to the environment, on the other. Health is thus seen as a resource for everyday life, not as the goal of life; it is a positive concept that emphasises social and individual resources as well as physical capabilities. Thus, health promotion is not just a health issue, but goes beyond healthy lifestyles to [[well-being]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottawa charter for health promotion |url=https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/ottawa-charter-for-health-promotion |access-date=2022-07-25 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Potvin |first=Louise |last2=Jones |first2=Catherine M. |date=2011-07-01 |title=Twenty-five Years After the Ottawa Charter: The Critical Role of Health Promotion for Public Health |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03404041 |journal=Canadian Journal of Public Health |language=en |volume=102 |issue=4 |pages=244–248 |doi=10.1007/BF03404041 |issn=1920-7476 |pmc=6973872 |pmid=21913576}}</ref>
==Action areas of the Ottawa Charter==
=== Prerequisites === The fundamental conditions and resources for health are: <ref>https://www.who.int/teams/health-promotion/enhanced-wellbeing/first-global-conference</ref>{{cn|date=July 2023}} * peace, * shelter, * education, * food, * income, * a stable eco-system, * sustainable resources, * social justice, and equity.
=== Action areas === Five action areas for health promotion were identified in the charter:<ref name="Ottawa" /> # '''Building healthy public policy''' # '''Creating supportive environments''' # '''Strengthening community action''' # '''Developing personal skills''' # '''Re-orienting [[health care]] services toward prevention of illness and promotion of health'''
The basic strategies for health promotion were prioritized as:{{cn|date=July 2023}} * Advocate: Health is a resource for social and developmental means, thus the dimensions that affect these factors must be changed to encourage health. * Enable: [[Health equity]] must be reached where individuals must become empowered to control the determinants that affect their health, such that they are able to reach the highest attainable quality of life. * Mediation: Health promotion cannot be achieved by the health sector alone; rather its success will depend on the collaboration of all sectors of government (social, economic, etc.) as well as independent organizations (media, industry, etc.).
==Developments after Ottawa== Internationally:<ref>{{Cite web |title=WHO {{!}} 7th Global Conference on Health Promotion |url=https://www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/7gchp/en/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527032409/http://www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/7gchp/en/ |archive-date=May 27, 2009 |access-date=2021-10-12 |website=WHO}}</ref> * WHO: [[Jakarta Declaration]] in 1997 * WHO: [[Health for all]] targets in 1997 * WHO: [[Health 21]] in 1999 * WHO: [[Bangkok Charter]] in 2005 * WHO: [[7th Global Conference on Health Promotion 2009]] * WHO: [[8th Global Conference on Health Promotion 2013]]
Within countries: * United Kingdom ** [[Our Healthier Nation]] ** [[National Plan]] Even 30 years later, this charter is still considered as a seminal document and template for health promotion.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Thompson |first=S. R. |last2=Watson |first2=M. C. |last3=Tilford |first3=S. |date=2018-03-04 |title=The Ottawa Charter 30 years on: still an important standard for health promotion |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14635240.2017.1415765 |journal=International Journal of Health Promotion and Education |volume=56 |issue=2 |pages=73–84 |doi=10.1080/14635240.2017.1415765 |issn=1463-5240 |s2cid=169021860|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
==See also== * [[Health promotion]] ** [[Health For All]] ** [[Royal Society for the Promotion of Health]], United Kingdom ** [[Ministry of Health Promotion and Sport (Ontario)]], Canada * [[Health policy]] * [[Health department]]s * [[Healthy city]] ** [[Alliance for Healthy Cities]] * [[World Health Organization]]
==References== <references />
==Further reading== * Ewles L, Simnett I (2005). ''Promoting Health - a practical guide.'' Balliere Tindall: Edinburgh. * WHO (1999). ''Health 21 - Health for all in the 21st Century.'' WHO Europe: Copenhagen. * WHO (1999). ''Reducing health inequalities - proposals for health promotion and actions.'' WHO Europe: Copenhagen.
== External links == * [http://www.euro.who.int/en/publications/policy-documents/ottawa-charter-for-health-promotion,-1986 Official text (WHO)]
[[Category:Health promotion]] [[Category:World Health Organization]]