{{Short description|Dam and power plant in Kharkiv, Ukraine}} {{Infobox dam | name = Oskil Dam | image = Krasnooskol vdhr 01.jpg | image_caption = The Oskil Reservoir that the dam created | location_map = Ukraine Kharkiv Oblast#Ukraine | location = Oskil, Ukraine | coordinates = {{Coord|49|10|30|N|37|28|19|E|type:landmark_region:UA|display=inline,title}} | purpose = Power, irrigation | status = Destroyed | construction_began = 1954 | opening = {{Start date and age|1958}} | demolished = April 2, 2022<ref name="UNCG"/> | owner = Water of Donbas | dam_type = Earth-fill embankment with gravity sections | dam_crosses = Oskil River | dam_length = {{cvt|1025|m|ft}} | res_name = Oskil Reservoir | res_capacity_total = {{cvt|474|e6m3|acre.ft|0}} | res_catchment = | res_surface = {{cvt|130|km2|mi2|0}} | res_max_depth = | plant_turbines = 2 × 1,840 kW | plant_capacity = 3,680 kW | plant_annual_gen = 15 million kWh | plant_commission = | plant_decommission = | website = | extra = }}
The '''Oskil Dam''' ({{langx|uk|Оскільська ГЕС}}), also known as the '''Oskil Hydroelectric Station''', is a former hydroelectric plant in Eastern Ukraine along the Oskil River. The plant first began operation in 1958, and was destroyed on April 2, 2022, during the Russo-Ukrainian War.
== History == During the 1950s, the Soviets began to plan for the construction of a series of infrastructure projects to alleviate the water shortage surrounding the Siverskyi Donets. They decided on the construction of the Siverskyi Donets – Donbas Canal and the Oskil Dam.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-19 |title=Ukraine: Repairing two dams reduces risk of collapse for communities {{!}} International Committee of the Red Cross |url=https://www.icrc.org/en/news-release/ukraine-repairing-two-dams-reduces-risk-collapse-communities |access-date=2025-03-19 |website=ICRC |language=en}}</ref>
The construction of dam first began in 1954, and was completed by 1956. The construction for the power plant soon also completed by 1957, and both began operation in 1958. Since then, the dam has created the Oskil Reservoir as a water source for the local population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=War-torn Ukraine's Ecological Damage Subject of Innovative UVA Study |url=https://as.virginia.edu/war-torn-ukraines-ecological-damage-subject-innovative-uva-study |access-date=2025-03-19 |website=College and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Virginia |language=en}}</ref>
On April 2, 2022, during the Russo-Ukrainian War, the power plant was destroyed as a result of Russian shelling. This destruction caused the water from the reservoir to create flooding in the downstream areas.<ref name="UNCG">{{Cite web |title=Should the Oskil Reservoir be rebuilt after the war? |website=Ukraine Nature Conservation Group |date=May 31, 2022 |url=https://uncg.org.ua/en/should-the-oskil-reservoir-be-rebuilt-after-the-war/}}</ref> The cost of the flooding is estimated to be about 3 million Hryvnias.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Damages from the undermining of the reservoir dam reached 3 billion UAH in Kharkiv region |website=EcoPolitic |date=July 20, 2023 |url=https://ecopolitic.com.ua/en/news/na-harkivshhini-zbitki-vid-pidrivu-grebli-vodoshovishha-syagnuli-3-milyardiv-griven-2/}}</ref>
== Characteristics == The Hydroelectric plant is located on the Oskil River, near the town of Oskil. The dam is 1,025m long and 20m wide. The power plant contains the engine room, which is located on the right bank of the river, and also has 2 turbines to generate electricity. Each turbine generates 1,840 kW, making the total capacity of the plant to be 3,680 kW. The average annual electrical production is about 15 million kWh,<ref>Водне господарство в Україні / За ред. А. В. Яцика, В. М. Хорєва. — К.: Генеза, 2000. — 456 с.</ref> which increased to 20 million kWh after some modernization efforts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Компания "Вода Донбасса" займется оптовой продажей электроэнергии |website=Корреспондент Донецка |date=September 20, 2010 |url=http://korrdon.info/events/22273-kompanija-voda-donbassa-zajjmetsja.html |language=uk |access-date=August 25, 2024 |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402101441/http://korrdon.info/events/22273-kompanija-voda-donbassa-zajjmetsja.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The power plant was operated under the "Donbass Water Company" during its period of operation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Щит на Краснооскольской плотине установлен |publisher=Комунальное предприятие «Компания "Вода Донбасса"» |date=March 11, 2011 |url=http://www.voda.dn.ua/novosti/novosti-kompanii/76-shchit-na-krasnooskolskoj-plotine-ustanovlen |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402101915/http://www.voda.dn.ua/novosti/novosti-kompanii/76-shchit-na-krasnooskolskoj-plotine-ustanovlen |archive-date=2015-04-02 |language=uk}}</ref>
== See also == {{Portal|Ukraine|Water|Renewable energy}} * Kakhovka Dam * Dnipro Hydroelectric Station * Hydroelectricity in Ukraine
== References == {{Reflist}}
Category:Buildings and structures in Kharkiv Oblast Category:Former power stations in Ukraine Category:Hydroelectric power stations in Ukraine Category:Run-of-the-river power stations Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 1956 Category:Hydroelectric power stations built in the Soviet Union Category:1956 establishments in the Soviet Union Category:1956 establishments in Ukraine Category:2022 disestablishments in Ukraine Category:Buildings and structures destroyed during the Russian invasion of Ukraine Category:Gravity dams