Oro Win language

{{Short description|Moribund Chapacuran language of Brazil}} {{Infobox language | name = Oro Win | region = Rondônia | ethnicity = 55 Oro Win (1998)<ref name=e18/> | speakers = 5 | date = 2011 | ref = e18 | familycolor = American | fam1 = Chapacuran | fam2 = Wari | iso3 = orw | glotto = orow1243 | glottorefname = Oro Win | notice = IPA | states = Brazil | altname = | nativename = {{lang|orw|Oro Towati'}} | map2 = Lang Status 20-CR.svg | mapcaption2 = {{center|Oro Win is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO ''Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger''.}} }}

'''Oro Win''' is a moribund Chapacuran language spoken along the upper stretches of the Pacaás Novos River in Brazil.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oro Win - Indigenous Peoples in Brazil |url=https://pib.socioambiental.org/en/Povo:Oro_Win |access-date=2025-05-30 |website=pib.socioambiental.org}}</ref> As of 2010, there were only six known speakers of Oro Win in Brazil, and all of them were over 50 years of age.<ref>{{cite web|last=Birchall|first=Joshua|title=Oro Win Language|url=http://pib.socioambiental.org/en/povo/oro-win/2237|publisher=Programa Povos Indígenas no Brasil do Instituto|access-date=2012-12-30}}</ref> However, other reports dictate that there are 12 speakers as of 2015, and there are efforts to increase use of Oro Win among the community.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Did you know Orowari is critically endangered? |url=https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/elp-language/1741 |access-date=2025-04-21 |website=Endangered Languages |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Tondineli |first=Patrícia Goulart |url=https://edufro.unir.br/uploads/08899242/Colecao%20pos%20UNIR/02%20Revitalizar%20linguas.pdf |title=(Re)vitalizar línguas minorizadas e/ou ameaçadas: teorias, metodologias, pesquisas e experiências |date=2021 |publisher=EDITORA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA - EDUFRO |isbn=978-65-87539-61-4 |edition=1 |doi=10.47209/978-65-87539-61-4 |doi-broken-date=19 August 2025 }}</ref>

== Phonology == Oro Win is one of only five languages known to make use of a voiceless bilabially post-trilled dental stop, {{IPA|[t͡ʙ̥]}}. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+Vowels<ref name=":0">{{SAPhon|OroWin|Oro Win}}</ref> ! !Front !Back |- !Close |{{IPA link|i}} | |- !Near-close |{{IPA link|ʏ}} | |- !Close-mid |{{IPA link|e}} |{{IPA link|o}} |- !Open |{{IPA link|a}} | |} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+Consonants<ref name=":0" /> ! !Bilabial !Dental !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Glottal |- !Stop |{{IPA link|p}} |{{IPA link|t̪ʙ}} |{{IPA link|t}} | |{{IPA link|k}} |{{IPA link|ʔ}} |- !Fricative |{{IPA link|ɸ}} | |{{IPA link|s}} | | | |- !Nasal |{{IPA link|m}} | |{{IPA link|n}} | | | |- !Flap | | |{{IPA link|ɾ}} | | | |- !Semivowel | | | |{{IPA link|j}} |{{IPA link|w}} | |}

== Vocabulary == {{IPA|[tʙ̥otʙ̥ok inan]}} 'I walk on logs'

{{IPA|[kotʙ̥ok inan]}} 'I start a motor'

{{IPA|[katʙ̥ʉ na]}} 'It is an owl'

{{IPA|[tʙ̥untʙʉ na]}} 'It is a helicopter'

{{IPA|[tʙ̥um]}} 'small boy'<ref>{{Cite web |title=Word List for Oro Win |url=https://archive.phonetics.ucla.edu/Language/ORW/orw_word-list_1995_01.html |access-date=2025-11-24 |website=archive.phonetics.ucla.edu}}</ref>

== References == {{Reflist}}

==Bibliography== * Everett, Daniel; & Kern, B. (1996). ''Wari’: The Pacaas Novos language of western Brazil''. London: Routledge. * Ladefoged, Peter; Everett, Daniel. (1996). The status of phonetic rarities. ''Language'', ''72'' (4), 794–800.

==External links== *[http://pib.socioambiental.org/pt/povo/oro-win Oro Win: Povos Indígenas no Brasil - Instituto Socioambiental] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20020307004353/http://www.pitt.edu/utimes/issues/27/101394/16.html Linguistics Professor Discovers New Language in Brazilian Rain Forest]. Pittsburgh University Times v. 27 n. 4 (1994). (offline, but see this [http://www.mail-archive.com/pen-l@sus.csuchico.edu/msg11747.html copy]) *[http://phonetics.ucla.edu/appendix/languages/orowin/orowin.html UCLA Phonetics Lab Data] – recordings of {{IPA|[t͡ʙ̥]}} in Oro Win.

Category:Chapacuran languages Category:Endangered Chapacuran languages