Orangequit

{{Short description|Genus of birds}} {{speciesbox | name = Orangequit | image = Orangequit 2506917626, crop.jpg | image_caption = Male | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 13 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2016 |title=''Euneornis campestris'' |volume=2016 |article-number=e.T22723722A94830296 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22723722A94830296.en |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref> | genus = Euneornis | parent_authority = Fitzinger, 1856 | species = campestris | authority = (Linnaeus, 1758) | synonyms = ''Motacilla campestris'' (protonym) | range_map = Euneornis campestris map.jpg | range_map_caption = {{legend0|#008000| range}} }}

The '''orangequit''' ('''''Euneornis campestris''''') is a species of passerine bird in the tanager family Thraupidae and is the only member of the genus '''''Euneornis'''''. It is endemic to Jamaica where its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and heavily degraded former forest.

==Breeding== The orangequit's breeding season is between the months of April and June. The species will build nests out of grass and plant fiber and place them in trees almost six meters above the ground. The female will typically lay 2–4 eggs at a time and will incubate. The appearance differs according to their sex and age.

==Taxonomy== The orangequit was formally described by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his ''Systema Naturae'' under the binomial name ''Motacilla campestris''.<ref>{{cite book | last=Linnaeus | first=Carl | author-link=Carl Linnaeus | year=1758 | title= Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis | volume=1 | edition=10th | page=184 | publisher=Laurentii Salvii | place=Holmiae (Stockholm) | language=Latin | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727091 }}</ref> Linnaeus based his description on the "American Hedge-Sparrow" that George Edwards had described and illustrated in his 1750 work, ''A Natural History of Uncommon Birds'', from a specimen collected in Jamaica.<ref>{{ cite book | last=Edwards | first=George | author-link=George Edwards (naturalist) | year=1750 | title=A Natural History of Uncommon Birds | place=London | publisher=Printed for the author at the College of Physicians | volume=Part 3 | page=122, Plate 122 fig. 2 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50196198 }}</ref> The species was moved to the genus ''Euneornis'' by the Austrian zoologist Leopold Fitzinger in 1856.<ref>{{ cite journal | last=Fitzinger | first=Leopold | author-link=Leopold Fitzinger | year=1856 | title=Über das System und die Charakteristik der natürlichen Familien der Vögel | journal=Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe | volume=21 | pages=277–318 [316] | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36386014 }}</ref> The genus name ''Euneornis'' combines the Ancient Greek ''eu'' meaning "good" with the genus ''Neornis'' introduced by Edward Blyth in 1845 and now a junior synonym of ''Cettia''. The specific epithet ''campestris'' is Latin and means "of the fields".<ref>{{ cite book | editor1-last=Mayr | editor1-first=Ernst | editor1-link=Ernst Mayr | editor2-last=Cottrell | editor2-first=G. William | year=1986 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=11 | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=8 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14483709 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=87, 268 }}</ref> The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2020 | title=Tanagers and allies | work=IOC World Bird List Version 10.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/tanagers/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=15 November 2020 }}</ref>

Its common name is derived from its orange throat and the English word ''quit'', which refers to small passerines of tropical America; cf. grassquit, bananaquit.<ref>Reedman, R. (2016). ''Lapwings, Loons and Lousy Jacks: The How and Why of Bird Names''. United Kingdom: Pelagic Publishing.</ref>

==Gallery== <gallery> Orangequit male RWD4, crop.jpg|Male at Negril Orangequit at Geejam in Jamaica (4212232108).jpg|Male at Geejam Orangequit female RWD2.jpg|Female at Negril Orangequit (Euneornis campestris) (8082119181).jpg|Female at Marshall's Pen </gallery>

==References== {{Reflist}} * Raffaele, Herbert; James Wiley, Orlando Garrido, Allan Keith & Janis Raffaele (2003) ''Birds of the West Indies'', Christopher Helm, London.

Category:Thraupidae Category:Endemic birds of Jamaica Category:Birds of the Greater Antilles Category:Birds of the Lesser Antilles Category:Birds described in 1758 Category:Animal taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot