Opel OHV engine

{{More citations needed|date=April 2022}} {{Infobox automobile engine | name =Opel OHV engine | manufacturer =[[General Motors]] | production = 1962-1993 | aka = Kadett engine, Viva engine | image = Opel Kadett A Caravan BW 2018-07-15 12-48-32.jpg | caption = 1963 ''10N'' engine | predecessor = | successor = [[Family 1 engine|Family 1]] | configuration = [[Naturally aspirated]] [[Inline-four engine]] | displacement = {{ubl |{{convert|993|cc|cuin|abbr=on}}|{{convert|1078|cc|cuin|abbr=on}}|{{convert|1196|cc|cuin|abbr=on}}}} | bore = {{ubl |{{convert|72|mm|in|abbr=on}}|{{convert|75|mm|in|abbr=on}}|{{convert|79|mm|in|abbr=on}}}} | stroke = {{convert|61|mm|in|abbr=on}} | compression = | management = | oilsystem = [[Wet sump]] | coolingsystem = [[Radiator (engine cooling)|Water-cooled]] | power = {{convert|40|-|60|PS|kW|0|disp=flip|abbr=on}} | torque = | valvetrain = [[Overhead valve engine|OHV]] | fuelsystem = | fueltype = [[Gasoline]] }} The '''[[Opel]] OHV''' family (also known as the '''Kadett engine''' and '''Viva engine''' after its most famous applications) is a [[Pushrod engine|pushrod]] [[inline-four engine]]. It was the first all-new engine developed by Opel of [[Germany]] after [[World War II]] and was released in 1962. Versions were in use through 1993.

[[Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] would also make use of a locally built version of the OHV engine for the [[Vauxhall Viva]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Vauxhall HA - Viva part 1 |url=http://vauxpedianet.uk2sitebuilder.com/vauxhall-ha---viva-part-1 |website=vauxpedianet.uk2sitebuilder.com}}</ref> the original intention being to simply convert every component from metric dimensions to imperial measurements. However development of the OHV would soon be separate from to that of Opel, one of the first changes being to increase the size from 993cc to 1057cc via a slightly bigger 74mm bore yet built with the same stroke as the Opel OHV with later bore increases to 78mm and 81mm producing the 1159cc and 1256cc engines <ref>{{cite web |last1=Clark |first1=Paul |title=The Blydenstein Project {{!}} The GM "Little Block" and the Magic 1273 {{!}} Opel Kadet |url=https://pdmclark.co.za/the-blydenstein-project/ |website=PDM CLARK |language=en-ZA |date=21 March 2020}}</ref> that would also power the [[Bedford HA]], [[Vauxhall Firenza]], [[Vauxhall Chevette]] and [[Vauxhall Cavalier]] as well as the [[Holden Torana]].

The engine was gradually replaced from 1979 onwards by the [[GM Family 1 engine|GM Family I]], but continued to be used on base specification versions of the Kadett/Astra and Corsa/Nova for much of the 1980s.

==1.0{{Anchor|10N|10S}}== The first version of the engine was the '''1.0''' and placed in the [[Opel Kadett|Kadett A]] which was produced from 1962 to 1965. Displacement was {{convert|993|cc|cuin|abbr=on|0}} with a {{convert|72x61|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} bore and stroke. The Kadett A had two different versions of the engine, namely ''10N'' (normal compression) with {{convert|40|PS|kW|0|disp=flip|abbr=on}} and ''10S'' (super compression) with {{convert|35|kW|PS|abbr=on}}.

This engine was retired in 1965 in favor of the '''1.1''' but was revived in 1973 as an economy option for the Kadett C. It was briefly discontinued in 1981 but revived a second time a year later for the entry-level models of the Opel Corsa A/Vauxhall Nova where it produced {{convert|33|kW|PS|abbr=on}}. It was also used in export market models of the Opel Kadett D.

The engine was finally retired in the European market for the 1992 model year in the Corsa A/Nova owing to its inability to satisfy the upcoming [[European emission standards|Euro 1]] emission standard which required the fitment of [[catalytic converter]]s - the engine was one of very few still employing mechanical [[contact breaker]] ignition at the time of its discontinuation.

Applications: * 1962-1965 [[Opel Kadett A]] * 1973-1979 [[Opel Kadett C]] * 1979-August 1981 [[Opel Kadett]] D * September 1982 – 1992 [[Opel Corsa]] A / Vauxhall Nova

==1.1{{Anchor|11N|11S|11SR}}== [[File:1967 Opel Kadett L Coupé (US), engine right, Hershey 2019.jpg|thumb|Right-hand side view of a 1967 ''11S'' engine (US-spec)]] In 1965, the engine was enlarged for use in the all new Kadett B. Displacement was {{convert|1078|cc|cuin|abbr=on|0}} with a bore enlarged to {{convert|75|mm|in|abbr=on}} stroke remained at {{convert|61|mm|in|abbr=on}}. The ''11N'' (normal compression) produced {{convert|33|kW|PS|abbr=on}} and {{convert|37|kW|PS|abbr=on}} after 1971. The ''11S'' produced {{convert|55|PS|kW|0|disp=flip|abbr=on}}; in 1966 a special power version was introduced, the ''11SR'' with {{convert|44|kW|PS|0|abbr=on}}.

Applications: * 1965-1973 [[Opel Kadett]] B * 1967-1970 [[Opel Olympia]] A * 1968-1970 [[Opel GT]] 1100

==1.2{{Anchor|12N|12S}}== In 1971, a second enlargement made the '''1.2''' with a displacement of {{convert|1196|cc|cuin|abbr=on}}. Bore was enlarged to {{convert|79|mm|in|abbr=on}} and stroke was still at {{convert|61|mm|in|abbr=on}}. Performance of the ''12N'' varied from {{convert|50|-|55|PS|kW|0|disp=flip|abbr=on}}; the ''12S'' consistently had {{convert|44|kW|PS|0|abbr=on}}.

Applications: * 1971-1973 [[Opel Kadett]] B * 1973-1979 [[Opel Kadett]] C * 1979-1984 [[Opel Kadett]] D / [[Chevrolet Kadett]] (ZA) / [[Vauxhall Astra]] Mk 1 * 1984-1988 [[Opel Kadett]] E / [[Vauxhall Astra]] Mk 2 * March 1972 – 1975 [[Opel Ascona]] A * 1975-1980 [[Opel Ascona]] B / Vauxhall Cavalier Mk 1 * 1972-1975 [[Opel Manta]] A * 1975-1979 [[Opel Manta]] B * 1982-1993 [[Opel Corsa]] A / Vauxhall Nova (also with catalyst and {{convert|45|PS|kW|0|disp=flip|abbr=on}})

==References== {{Reflist}} * "Das große Kadett-Buch", Edition Heel, Königswinter, Germany * Oswald, "Deutsche Pkw 1945-1990, Band 3: Ford, Opel, VW" Motorbuch-Verlag, Germany * Oswald, Werner. ''Deutsche Autos 1945-1975''. {{ISBN|3-87943-391-7}}.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Opel Ohv Engine}} [[Category:Opel engines|Opel OHV]] [[Category:Straight-four engines]] [[Category:Gasoline engines by model]] [[Category:1960s automobile engines]]