{{Short description|Yugoslav partisan}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}} {{Infobox person | name = Olga Ban | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1926|6|29|df=y}}<ref name=birth group=lower-alpha/> | birth_place = Zarečje, Kingdom of Italy | death_date = {{Death date and age|1943|10|8|1926|6|29|df=y}}<ref name=death group=lower-alpha/> | death_place = Pazin | nationality = | father = Mate Ban | other_names = | occupation = | years_active = 1941–1943 | known_for = Resistance against Nazi occupation | awards = {{Plainlist| * People's Hero of Yugoslavia (posthumously, 1973) }} }} '''Olga Ban''' (29 June 1926{{efn|name=birth|While most sources note 29 June 1926 as date of birth,<ref name="bursic1973"/><ref name="narodni"/><ref name="hbl"/><ref name="grad-pazin"/> some others note 26 June 1926<ref name="istarska"/> or 1925.<ref name="anpi"/>}} – 8 October 1943{{efn|name=death|While most sources note 8 October 1943 as date of death,<ref name="narodni"/><ref name="hbl"/><ref name="grad-pazin"/> some others note 7 or 8 October 1943.<ref name="istarska"/><ref name="anpi"/>}}) was a Croatian partisan. She was part of the resistance against Axis forces in World War II until Nazis executed her father and her in 1943. She was posthumously declared a People's Hero of Yugoslavia in 1973.
==Early life== Olga Ban was born on 29 June 1926<ref name=birth group=lower-alpha/> to Mate Ban and Ana Dušan in Zarečje, near Pazin, Istria,<ref name="bursic1973"/> then under the administration of the Kingdom of Italy. After Olga finished elementary school, she started helping his father at work as a tailor. Mate Ban was involved in the progressive publication ''{{ill|Edinost|it|Edinost}}'' from Trieste.<ref name="hbl"/>
==Resistance and execution== As World War II escalated, in 1941, Ban's family home became a hub for the local partisans of the National Liberation Movement in Croatia (NOP) in their resistance against the Axis powers.<ref name="narodni"/><ref name="hbl"/> Ban joined the League of Communist Youth of Yugoslavia (SKOJ) in February 1942 and participated in partisan activities, sewing clothes or performing courier duties.<ref name="hbl"/> On 16 June 1943, Ban and her father were admitted to the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in a partisan base in {{ill|Brgudac|hr|Brgudac}}.<ref name="narodni"/>
The Carabinieri arrested her mother Ana and brother Antun and imprisoned them in the Coroneo prison in Trieste. They were released after the Armistice of Cassibile in September 1943.<ref name="istarska"/> On 10 September 1943, Ban returned to Istria to conduct youth organization.<ref name="istarska"/>
During the German offensive, on 6 October 1943, Nazi forces arrested and imprisoned her in the Pazin Castle, and then executed Olga, her father Mate, and several other Istrians in the Pazin cemetery.<ref name="istarska"/> Her mother and brother were deported to the Dachau concentration camp.<ref name="istarska"/>
==Legacy== [[File:Olga Ban, 2017 Titov park (Pula) 03.jpg|thumb|right|Olga Ban memorial in {{ill|Titov park|hr|Titov park}} in Pula.]] In 1973, Olga Ban was posthumously declared a People's Hero of Yugoslavia by President Josip Broz Tito.<ref name="narodni"/><ref name="hbl"/><ref name="istarska"/><ref name="anpi"/><ref name="grad-pazin"/>
==Notes== {{notelist}}
==References== <references>
<!-- Possible source: Istarska partizanska štampa: izbor tekstova --> <!-- Fictionalized memoirs: <ref name="drndic">{{cite book|first=Ljubo|last=Drndić|year=1978|title=Oružje i sloboda Istre: 1941-1943|url=https://znaci.org/00003/569.htm|language=hr}}</ref> --> <!-- Note: Additional records pointing to Bani as birth place: https://library.foi.hr/pdf/web/viewercf.php?B=1&nivo=990005&sifra=X02364&fo=1 --> <ref name="bursic1973">{{cite book|first=Herman|last=Buršić|year=1973|chapter=Razvitak i provala organizacija NOP-a na Pazinštini u 1943. godini.|trans-chapter=The Development of the Organizations belonging to National Liberation Movement in the Area of Pazin in 1943|chapter-url=https://library.foi.hr/pdf/web/viewercf.php?B=1&nivo=990012&sifra=X02359&fo=1|title=Pazinski memorijal|volume=4|pages=131–149|language=hr}}</ref> <ref name="narodni">{{cite encyclopedia|first=M.|last=Sob.|year=1982|title=Ban Olga|encyclopedia=Narodni heroji Jugoslavije, A-M|url=https://znaci.org/00001/10_13.htm|pages=60–61|language=hr}}</ref> <ref name="hbl">{{cite encyclopedia|first=Vera|last=Humski|year=1983|title=BAN, Olga|url=https://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=1211|encyclopedia=Croatian Biographical Lexicon|language=hr}}</ref> <ref name="istarska">{{cite encyclopedia|first=Herman|last=Buršić|title=Ban, Olga|encyclopedia=Istarska enciklopedija|url=http://istra.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=189|language=hr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209002931/https://istra.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=189|archive-date=9 December 2023}}</ref> <ref name="anpi">{{cite web|title=Olga Ban|website=Associazione Nazionale Partigiani d'Italia|url=https://www.anpi.it/biografia/olga-ban|language=it|access-date=8 December 2023}}</ref> <ref name="grad-pazin">{{cite web|title=Olga Ban|website=Grad Pazin|url=https://www.pazin.hr/o-pazinu/povijesne-licnosti/olga-ban/|language=hr|access-date=8 December 2023}}</ref>
</references>
{{DEFAULTSORT:Olga, Ban}} Category:1926 births Category:1943 deaths Category:Croatian people executed by Nazi Germany Category:Women in the Yugoslav Partisans Category:Yugoslav Partisans members Category:People from Istria Category:Recipients of the Order of the People's Hero