{{Expand language|topic=|langcode=es|otherarticle=Ocainas|date=March 2025}} {{Infobox ethnic group | group = Ocaina | native_name = {{Plainlist| *{{lang|oca|Dyo'xaiya}} * {{lang|oca|Ivo'tsa}} }} | image = Chef Ocaïna.JPG | image_caption = Ocaina chief, 1924 | image_alt = Black and white photograph of an Ocaina man in a loincloth and feathers with a pole in one hand and four long sticks in the other. | population = 137 | total_year = 2012 | total_source = e | popplace = Peru, Colombia | languages = Ocaina }} [[File:Femmes_Ocainas.JPG|thumb|"{{Lang|fr|Groupe de femmes Ocaïnas parées pour le bal}}" (1920s)]] The '''Ocainas''' are an Amazonian indigenous people of Peru and Colombia, who are today in danger of extinction. There were 176 of them in 2012.<ref>{{Citation |last=Crevels |first=Mily |title=Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking |date=2012-01-13 |work=The Indigenous Languages of South America |pages=167–234 |editor-last=Campbell |editor-first=Lyle |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110258035.167/html |access-date=2025-03-23 |publisher=DE GRUYTER |doi=10.1515/9783110258035.167 |isbn=978-3-11-025513-3 |editor2-last=Grondona |editor2-first=Verónica|url-access=subscription }}</ref> They are one of the many Indigenous populations who still speak their original language, being Ocaina, a Witotoan language. In Amazonia, there are only 50 people who still speak Ocaina.
== History == The Ocainas share history and many cultural characteristics with the Huitotos, Resígaros, and Andoques.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Whiffen (1915) estimated the population of the Okaina (Dukaiya) language group at about 2,000.<ref>Whiffen 1915, p.61.</ref> He described them as being in "ceaseless war" with surrounding tribes. Ceremonial body painting (usually with red dye) was a common practice among many indigenous tribes in the Putumayo region, but the Ocainas were particularly well-known for their elaborate patterns.<ref>Whiffen 1915, p. 89.</ref>
The Okainas were among the indigenous peoples affected by the Putumayo genocide of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.<ref>Valcárcel 2023.</ref>
== Notes == <references />{{Sister project links|:category:Ocainas}}
== Bibliography == * {{Cite book |last=Blixen |first=Olaf |title=Tradiciones ocainas |date=1999 |publisher=Ciudad Argentina : [Fundación Centro de Estudios Políticos y Administrativos] |isbn=978-987-507-105-6 |location=Buenos Aires}} * {{cite book |last1=Valcárcel |first1=Carlos |title=El proceso del Putumayo y sus secretos inauditos |language=es |trans-title=The Putumayo process and its unprecedented secrets |date=1915 |publisher=The International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs |location=Peru / Colombia |isbn=978-9972-9410-9-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9lwc-HLF-lYC&q=%22loayza%22%20 |access-date=August 27, 2023}} *{{cite book |last1=Whiffen |first1=Thomas |title=The north-west Amazons : notes of some months spent among cannibal tribes |date=1915 |publisher=New York: Duffield & Co. |isbn=978-1015246713 |url=https://archive.org/details/northwestamazons00whif_0}}
{{Ethnic groups in Peru}}{{Ancestry and ethnicity in Colombia}}{{Peru-stub}}{{Colombia-stub}}{{Ethnicity-stub}} Category:Indigenous peoples of South America