In [[Christianity in the Middle Ages|medieval Christianity]], an '''obiit''' was an annual [[endowed]] service commemorating the dead. Feast days for patron saints were often reserved for endowed masses associated with the ''obiit'', sometimes in a [[chantry]].
==Background== The practice has its origin in the recitation of the names of living and dead Christians (part of the [[intercession|intercessory]] prayers of the [[Canon of the Mass]]). As these lists grew in length separate ceremonies became necessary.<ref name=history>{{cite book |title=Companion to Medieval and Renaissance Music |publisher=University of California Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_UmMn1EgB7IC |date=1997 |page=62|isbn=978-0-520-21081-3 }}</ref>
Though many ''obiit'' vigils were of the endowed sort, more modest collective ''obiit'' was available for parishioners who could not afford an endowment.<ref name=history/>
==Liturgy==
The [[liturgy]] used for ''obiit'' ceremonies with the [[Office of the Dead|Office and Mass for the Dead]]. It began with [[Vespers]] and [[Matins]] followed by [[Commendations]]. At dawn a series of [[psalms]] and prayers were read, then before the final [[Requiem Mass]] service, there might be a [[procession]] to the grave of the deceased.<ref name=history/>
==Food and drink== Like most medieval social and community gatherings, shared food and drink were a feature of many ''obiit'' vigils. [[Guilds]] gathered for the ''obiit'' vigils of their members and benefactors, and shared food and drink were common place at these gatherings. Bread, cheese and ale were given out in the guild chapel at an ''obiit'' held in 1442 for the parker of [[Fulbrook, Oxfordshire|Fulbrook]] (meaning park-keeper in [[Middle English]]) at the guild of the Holy Cross at [[Stratford-upon-Avon]]. In 1533 cakes, [[comfit]]s, wine, ale and cheese were distributed at The Trinity Guild of [[Coventry]] for the ''obiit'' of [[alderman]] Nicholas Burwey.<ref>{{cite book |last=Phythian-Adams |first=Charles |title=Desolation of a City: Coventry and the Urban Crisis of the Late Middle Ages |date=2002 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rJvNn7uulfYC&dq=Nicholas+Burwey+middle+ages&pg=PA148 |page=148|isbn=978-0-521-52500-8 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Woolgar |first=C.M. |publisher=Yale University Press |title=The Culture of Food in England, 1200-1500 |date=2016 |isbn=9780300181913}}</ref>
==References== {{reflist}}
[[Category:Society of medieval England]]