{{Short description|Plant species in the veronica family}} {{Speciesbox | image = Nuttallanthus texanus - Flickr - aspidoscelis (1).jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | status = {{TNCStatus}} | status_system = TNC | status_ref = {{sfn|NatureServe 2026}} | genus = Nuttallanthus | species = texanus | authority = (Scheele) D.A.Sutton | synonyms_ref = {{sfn|WFO|2026b}} | synonyms = {{Species list | Linaria canadensis var. texana | | Linaria texana | }} }}

'''''Nuttallanthus texanus''''', the '''Texas toadflax''', is an annual to biennial plant in the veronica family found across much of the western United States. It can often be seen in patches along roadsides.{{sfn|Spellenberg|2012|p=128}} Its inflorescence is raceme.{{sfn|Preston|Wetherwax|2012}}

==Taxonomy== ''Nuttallanthus texanus'' was scientifically described in 1848 by George Heinrich Adolf Scheele who named it ''Linaria texana''.{{sfn|Hassler|2026}} The botanist Francis W. Pennell proposed reclassified it as a subspecies of ''Linaria canadensis'' in 1922,{{sfn|Hassler|2026}} but together with three other species it was placed in the new genus ''Nuttallanthus'' by David A. Sutton in 1988.{{sfnm|1a1=WFO|1y=2026a|2a1=WFO|2y=2026b}} This is the accepted name according to World Plants,{{sfn|Hassler|2026}} World Flora Online,{{sfn|WFO|2026b}} The Jepson Manual,{{sfn|Preston|Wetherwax|2012}} and the Database of Vascular Plants of Canada,{{sfn|VASCAN 2026}} however Plants of the World Online lists ''Linaria texana'' as the accepted name.{{sfn|POWO|2026}}

===Names=== The species name, ''texanus'', is Botanical Latin meaning 'pertaining to Texas'. The common name ''Texas toadflax'' refers to it growing naturally in Texas and toadflax is for the resemblance of leaves to the narrow ones of true flax while the reference to toads is thought to come from mistaking the Latin {{lang|la|bubonium}} in the description of a plant used in traditional medicine to treat groin swelling (buboes) for {{lang|la|bufonis}} meaning toad.{{sfn|Holloway|2005|p=92}} The species is also known as ''blue toadflax'',{{sfn|Preston|Wetherwax|2012}} but this name is also frequently used for ''Nuttallanthus canadensis''.{{sfn|Bessette|2000|p=134}}

==References== ===Citations=== {{Reflist}}

===Sources=== ====Books==== {{Refbegin}} * {{Cite book |last1=Bessette |first1=Alan |date=2000 |title=Wildflowers of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont in Color |url=https://archive.org/details/wildflowersofmai00arle |edition=First |location=Syracuse, New York |publisher=Syracuse University Press |isbn=978-0-8156-2803-3 |oclc=42310052 |access-date=26 March 2026}} * {{Cite book |last1=Holloway |first1=Joel Ellis |date=2005 |editor-last1=Neill |editor-first1=Amanda |title=A Dictionary of Common Wildflowers of Texas & the Southern Great Plains |language=en-us |location=Fort Worth, Texas |publisher=TCU Press |isbn=978-0-87565-309-9 |oclc=61451157}} * {{Cite book |last1=Spellenberg |first1=Richard |date=2012 |title=Sonoran Desert Wildflowers: A Field Guide to Common Species of the Sonoran Desert, Including Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, Saguaro National Park, Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Ironwood Forest National Monument, and the Sonoran Portion of Joshua Tree National Park |edition=Second |location=Guilford, Connecticut |publisher=Falcon Guides |isbn=978-0-7627-7368-8 |oclc=756579044}} {{Refend}}

====Web sources==== {{Refbegin}} * {{Cite web |last1=Hassler |first1=Michael |date=13 March 2026 |title=''Nuttallanthus texanus'' in Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. Version 26.03 |url=http://www.worldplants.de?name=Nuttallanthus-texanus |website=World Plants |language=en |access-date=26 March 2026}} * {{Cite NatureServe |date=27 February 2026 |id=2.156012 |title=''Nuttallanthus texanus'' |access-date=26 March 2026 |ref={{sfnref|NatureServe 2026}}}} * {{Cite POWO |last1=POWO |date=2026 |id=279678-2 |title=''Linaria texana'' Scheele |access-date=26 March 2026}} * {{Cite web |last1=Preston |first1=Robert E. |last2=Wetherwax |first2=Margriet |date=2012 |title=''Nuttallanthus texanus'', in Jepson Flora Project |url=https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=34756 |website=Jepson eFlora |publisher=University of California, Berkeley |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421221323/https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=34756 |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=26 March 2026}} * {{Cite WFO |last1=WFO |date=2026a |title=''Nuttallanthus'' D.A.Sutton |id=4000026385 |access-date=26 March 2026}} * {{Cite web |last1=VASCAN |last2=Acadia University |last3=Université de Montréal Biodiversity Centre |last4=University of Toronto Mississauga |last5=University of British Columbia |date=2026 |title=''Nuttallanthus texanus'' (Scheele) D.A. Sutton - Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN) |url=https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/7264?lang=en |website=Canadensys |language=en-ca |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202155130/https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/7264?lang=en |archive-date=2 February 2022 |access-date=26 March 2026 |ref={{sfnref|VASCAN 2026}}}} * {{Cite WFO |last1=WFO |date=2026b |title=''Nuttallanthus texanus'' (Scheele) D.A.Sutton |id=0001239143 |access-date=26 March 2026}} {{Refend}}

==References== {{Reflist}}

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Category:Plantaginaceae