Nucula

{{Short description|Genus of bivalves}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{fossil range|478.6|0|Arenig - Recent}} | image = Nucula delphinodonta (YPM IZ 032764).jpeg | image_caption = Shell of Nucula delphinodonta | taxon = Nucula | authority = Lamarck, 1799 | synonyms = * ''Arca nucleus'' Linnaeus, 1758 }}

'''''Nucula''''' is a genus of very small saltwater clams. They are part of the family Nuculidae.

==Fossil records== This genus is very ancient. Fossils are known from the Arenig to the Quaternary (age range: from 478.6 to 0.0 million years ago). Fossils are found in the marine strata all over the world.<ref name=AA/> thumb|240px|right|Fossil valves of ''Nucula piacentina'' from Pliocene of Italy

==Description== Shells of species within this genus can reach a size of about {{convert|30|mm}}. They are equivalve, symmetrical, approximately triangular. The surface has fine concentric growth lines. These clams live in the muddy sand close to the sediment surface at a depth of 20 to 200 meters.<ref>[http://www.genustraithandbook.org.uk/genus/nucula/ Marine Microfauna Genus Trait Handbook]</ref>

==Species== Nowadays there are still many species of this genus, which have had virtually no change in the course of time. Species within the genus ''Nucula'' include:<ref>[http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138262 WoRMS]</ref> {{div col|colwidth=22em}} * ''Nucula annulata'' Hampson, 1971 * ''Nucula atacellana'' Schenck, 1939 - cancellate nutclam * ''Nucula austrobenthalis'' Dell, 1990 * ''Nucula beachportensis'' Verco, 1907 * ''Nucula benguelana'' (A. H. Clarke, 1961) * ''Nucula brasiliana'' Esteves, 1984 * ''Nucula calcicola'' Moore, 1977 - reef nutclam * ''Nucula callicredemna'' Dall, 1890 * ''Nucula cancellata'' Meek & Hayden, 1856 * ''Nucula cardara'' Dall, 1916 * ''Nucula carlottensis'' Dall, 1897 - Charlotte nutclam * ''Nucula certisinus'' Finlay, 1930 * ''Nucula chrysocome'' * ''Nucula consentanea'' Melvill & Standen, 1907 * ''Nucula covra'' Bergmans, 1978 * ''Nucula crassicostata'' E. A. Smith, 1872 * ''Nucula crassidens'' Nicklès, 1955 * ''Nucula crenulata'' A. Adams, 1856 - crenulate nutclam * ''Nucula crystallina'' Poppe, Tagaro & Stahlschmidt, 2015 * ''Nucula culebrensis'' E. A. Smith, 1885 * ''Nucula cymella'' Dall, 1886 * ''Nucula darella'' Dall, 1916 * ''Nucula declivis'' Hinds, 1843 * ''Nucula delphinodonta'' Mighels & C. B. Adams, 1842 - dolphintooth nutclam * ''Nucula distincta'' Turton, 1932 * ''Nucula donaciformis'' E. A. Smith, 1895 * ''Nucula dorsocrenata'' (Habe, 1977) * ''Nucula dunedinensis'' Finlay, 1928 * ''Nucula exigua'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1833 - iridescent nutclam, short nutclam * ''Nucula exodonta'' Prashad, 1932 * ''Nucula faba'' Xu, 1999 * ''Nucula falklandica'' Preston, 1912 * ''Nucula fernandensis'' Villarroel, 1971 * ''Nucula fernandinae'' Dall, 1927 * ''Nucula gallinacea'' Finlay, 1930 * ''Nucula granulosa'' Verrill, 1884 * ''Nucula groenlandica'' Posselt, 1898 - Greenland nutclam * ''Nucula hanleyi'' Winckworth, 1931 * ''Nucula hartvigiana'' Dohrn, 1864 * ''Nucula hawaiensis'' Pilsbry, 1921 * ''Nucula inconspicua'' H. Adams, 1871 * ''Nucula insignis'' (Hayami & Kase, 1993) * ''Nucula interflucta'' Marincovich, 1973 * ''Nucula iphigenia'' Dall, 1896 * ''Nucula irregularis'' G. B. Sowerby III, 1904 * ''Nucula izushotoensis'' (Okutani, 1966) * ''Nucula kanaka'' Bergmans, 1991 * ''Nucula kerguelensis'' Thiele, 1912 * ''Nucula libera'' Bergmans, 1991 * ''Nucula malabarica'' Hanley, 1860 * ''Nucula mariae'' Nolf, 2005 * ''Nucula marmorea'' Hinds, 1843 * ''Nucula marshalli'' Schenck, 1939 * ''Nucula mayi'' (Iredale, 1930) * ''Nucula mesembrina'' (Hedley, 1916) * ''Nucula mitralis'' Hinds, 1843 * ''Nucula multidentata'' Prashad, 1933 * ''Nucula nicklesi'' Cosel, 1995 * ''Nucula nitidosa'' Winckworth, 1930 (unaccepted name: ''Nucula turgida'' Leckenby & Marshall, 1875) * ''Nucula nitidula'' A. Adams, 1856 * ''Nucula nitidulaformis'' Powell, 1971 * ''Nucula notobenthalis'' Thiele, 1912 * ''Nucula nucleus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Nucula oppressa'' Bergmans, 1991 * ''Nucula papillifera'' Thiele & Jaeckel, 1931 * ''Nucula paulula'' A. Adams, 1856 * ''Nucula percrassa'' (Conrad, 1858 ) * ''Nucula pisum'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1833 * ''Nucula planiculmen'' Kilburn, 1999 * ''Nucula praetenta'' Iredale, 1924 * ''Nucula profundorum'' E. A. Smith, 1885 * ''Nucula proxima'' Say, 1822 - Atlantic nutclam * ''Nucula pseudoexigua'' Villarroel & Stuardo, 1998 * ''Nucula pusilla'' Angas, 1877 * ''Nucula recens'' Dell, 1956 * ''Nucula revei'' Bergmans, 1978 * ''Nucula rhytidopleura'' Kilburn, 1999 * ''Nucula rossiana'' Finlay, 1930 * ''Nucula rugulosa'' G. B. Sowerby I, 1833 * ''Nucula saltator'' (Iredale, 1939) * ''Nucula schencki'' Hertlein & Strong, 1940 * ''Nucula sculpturata'' G. B. Sowerby III, 1904 * ''Nucula semen'' Thiele & Jaeckel, 1931 * ''Nucula semiornata'' d'Orbigny, 1842 * ''Nucula sericea'' Thiele & Jaeckel, 1931 * ''Nucula striolata'' A. Adams, 1856 * ''Nucula suahelica'' (Thiele & Jaeckel, 1931) * ''Nucula subluxa'' Kilburn, 1999 * ''Nucula subovata'' Verrill & Bush, 1898 * ''Nucula sulcata'' Bronn, 1831 * ''Nucula sultana'' Thiele & Jaeckel, 1931 * ''Nucula surinamensis'' Van Regteren Altena, 1968 * ''Nucula tamatavica'' Odhner, 1943 * ''Nucula tenuis'' (Montagu, 1808) * ''Nucula tersior'' Marwick, 1929 † * ''Nucula thielei'' Schenck, 1939 * ''Nucula tokyoensis'' Yokoyama, 1920 * ''Nucula torresi'' E. A. Smith, 1885 * ''Nucula trigonica'' Lan & Lee, 2001 * ''Nucula tumidula'' (Malm, 1860) * ''Nucula venezuelana'' Weisbord, 1964 * ''Nucula vincentiana'' (Cotton & Godfrey, 1938) * ''Nucula zophos'' A. H. Clark, 1960 {{div col end}}

==Extinct species== Extinct species within the genus ''Nucula'' include:<ref name="AA">[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=16082 Fossilworks]</ref> {{div col|colwidth=22em}} *''N. alcocki'' † Noetling 1895 *''N. andersoni'' † Clark & Durham 1946 *''N. assiniboiensis'' † Russell & Landes 1937 *''N. athabaskensis'' † McLearn 1931 *''N. brewsterensis'' † Hassan 1953 *''N. cancellata'' † Meek & Hayden 1857 *''N. cancellata'' † Vredenburg 1928 *''N. catalina'' † Olsson 1930 *''N. chrysocoma'' † Dall 1908 *''N. cilleborgensis'' † Ravn 1907 *''N. concinna'' † Sowerby 1836 *''N. cossmanni'' † Vincent 1892 *''N. costaeimbricatus'' † Newton 1922 *''N. crepida'' † Marwick 1931 *''N. cunifrons'' † Conrad 1860 *''N. domandaensis'' † Eames 1951 *''N. gabbiana'' † Dickerson 1916 *''N. greppina'' † Deshayes 1858 *''N. major'' † Richards 1944 *''N. mancorensis'' † Olsson 1931 *''N. martini'' † Finlay 1927 *''N. micheleae'' † Marincovich jr. 1993 *''N. morundiana'' † Tate 1886 *''N. narica'' † Vredenburg 1928 *''N. nejdensis'' † Abbass 1972 *''N. njalindugensis'' † Martin 1919 *''N. observatoria'' † Ihering 1907 *''N. orbicella'' † Olsson 1922 *''N. paboensis'' † Olsson 1931 *''N. paytensis'' † Adams 1856 *''N. piacentina'' † Lamarck *''N. pilkeyi'' † Ward & Blackwelder 1987 *''N. planimarginata'' † Meek & Hayden 1857 *''N. praemissa'' † Semper 1861 *''N. prunicola'' † Dall 1898 *''N. rembangensis'' † Martin 1919 *''N. reticularis'' † Ortmann 1900 *''N. sedanensis'' † Haanstra & Spiker 1932 *''N. semistriata'' † Tate 1886 *''N. shaleri'' † Dall 1894 *''N. sinaria'' † Dall 1898 *''N. stantoni'' † Stephenson 1923 *''N. studeri'' † d'Archiac 1850 *''N. subrotundata'' † Morningstar 1922 *''N. subtransversa'' † Nyst 1844 *''N. suprastriata'' † Arnold 1903 *''N. tallahalaensis'' † Dockery 1982 *''N. taphria'' † Dall 1898 *''N. tatriana'' † King 1850 *''N. tersior'' † Marwick 1929 *''N. tumida'' † Tenison Woods 1877 *''N. turgens'' † Wood 1879 *''N. venezuelana'' † Weisbord 1964 *''N. ventricosa'' † Hall 1868 *''N. vestigia'' † Marwick 1929 *''N. vicksburgensis'' † Conrad 1848 *''N. waikuraensis'' † Marwick 1931 *''N. washingtonensis'' † Weaver 1916 {{div col end}}

==References== {{Reflist}} * Powell A. W. B., ''New Zealand Mollusca'', William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 {{ISBN|0-00-216906-1}}

Category:Nuculidae Category:Extant Ordovician first appearances Category:Paleozoic life of Alberta Category:Paleozoic life of the Northwest Territories Category:Paleozoic life of Nova Scotia Category:Paleozoic life of Nunavut Category:Paleozoic life of Ontario Category:Paleozoic life of Quebec Category:Paleozoic life of Yukon Category:Bivalve genera Category:Taxa described in 1799 Category:Taxa named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck