{{Short description|NATO military exercises hosted by Norway}} {{hatnote|For "cold response" as a mode of emergency vehicle attendance, see [[Emergency service response codes]].}} [[File:Cold Response DV dag.jpg|thumb|Norwegian military preparations during Exercise Cold Response, 2009]] [[File:HMS Illustrious and HMS Bulwark off Norway MOD 45153814.jpg|thumb|[[Royal Navy]] assault ships {{HMS|Illustrious|R06|6}} and {{HMS|Bulwark|L15|6}} during Exercise Cold Response, 2012]]
'''Nordic Response''' (named '''Cold Response''' until 2023)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nordic Response 2024 |url=https://www.forsvaret.no/om-forsvaret/operasjoner-og-ovelser/ovelser/nr24 |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Forsvaret |language=nb}}</ref> is a [[military exercise]] hosted by [[Norway]] with other [[NATO]] and invited [[Partnership for Peace]] countries held every other year.<ref>{{cite web |title=Exercise Cold Response 2022 – NATO and partner forces face the freeze in Norway |url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/news_192351.htm |publisher=NATO |access-date=7 March 2022}}</ref>
== Exercises ==
=== The 2006 exercise === The first exercises was the largest military exercise in Norway in 2006. Around 10,000 soldiers from 11 nations participated.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Iraki |first1=Rima |last2=Tranøy |first2=Lars Kristian |date=17 March 2006 |title=To soldater døde etter ulykken |url=https://www.vg.no/nyheter/innenriks/i/2RWQR/to-soldater-doede-etter-ulykken |access-date=7 March 2022 |publisher=Verdens Gang}}</ref>
==== Operations ==== Several of the operations were along the coast in the borders between sea and land, and together with roads and populated areas. Surveillance, patrols, road control posts, vehicle inspection, control of air space, [[Demining|minesweeping]], evacuation of civilians, and [[riot control]] were important part of the exercise.
==== Participants ==== Among the participants were the Norwegian [[Telemark Battalion]], a thousand soldiers from the [[Home Guard (Norway)|Norwegian Home Guard]], the [[Royal Norwegian Air Force]]'s [[No. 339 Squadron RNoAF|339 Squadron]] and [[No. 720 Squadron RNoAF|720 Squadron]], and most of the [[Royal Norwegian Navy]]'s available forces. About 3,000 soldiers from the British [[3 Commando Brigade]], completed their annual winter training by taking part in the exercise. 800 French mountain special forces, and 2,000 Swedish soldiers along with smaller units from the Netherlands, Latvia, Estonia, Switzerland, United States, Finland, Spain, Denmark and Canada also took part.
==== Scenario ==== Following an earthquake in a fictional nation called ''Asando'', an armed conflict by extremists and separation-groups against government forces erupts. The security council approves a resolution to allow NATO to take control of the situation. A peacekeeping force was assigned to help settle the conflict.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Jacobsen |first1=Magnus Wright |title=Cold Response 2006 |url=https://www.yumpu.com/no/document/read/42059187/cold-response-2006-hans-majestet-kongens-garde |access-date=7 March 2022 |website=www.yumpu.com/ |publisher=Gardisten}}</ref>
=== The 2007 exercise === {{Empty section|date=January 2024}}
=== The 2009 exercise === {{Empty section|date=January 2024}}
The military exercises were held through 16-25 March.
=== The 2010 exercise === The military exercises were from 17 February - 4 March, with up to 9,000 troops from 14 participating nations.
=== The 2012 exercise === 12–21 March, with over 16,000 troops from 15 participating nations.
=== The 2014 exercise === 7–22 March, with over 16,000 troops from 16 participating nations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-10 |title=Sixteen Nations Participating in Norway's Cold Response Military Exercise This Week |url=https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/natosource/sixteen-nations-participating-in-norway-s-cold-response-military-exercise-this-week/ |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=Atlantic Council |language=en-US}}</ref>
=== The 2016 exercise === 29 February through 11 March, with over 15,000 troops from 12 participating nations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=STATEMENT BY THE DELEGATION OF NORWAY |url=https://www.norway.no/contentassets/a220f46597cc4ccba5a49a30700b3046/02-24-fsc-norway-cold-response-16.pdf}}</ref>
=== The 2020 exercise === 2-18 March, with some 16,000 troops from 10 participation nations.
Stopped and canceled on 11 March due to the risk of increase spreading of COVID-19.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Danilov |first=From Peter B. |title=Cold Response 2020 Cancelled |url=https://www.highnorthnews.com/en/cold-response-2020-cancelled |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=www.highnorthnews.com |language=en}}</ref>
=== The 2021 exercise - cancelled before exercise === The exercise that was cancelled in January 2021 due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nilsen |first1=Thomas |title=Norway cancels allied exercise over COVID-19 safety concerns |url=https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/security/2021/01/norway-cancels-allied-exercise-over-covid-19-safety-concerns |publisher=The Barents Observer |access-date=7 March 2022}}</ref>
=== The 2022 exercise === The exercise is scheduled for March and April 2022 and will be led by the [[Norwegian Joint Headquarters]]. The first allied troops arrived in Norway in the autumn and winter 2021–22 to train and prepare for the exercise.
The military activity took take place in south-eastern Norway, [[Central Norway]] and [[Northern Norway]]. As of March 2022, a total of 27 nations and approximately 30,000 troops are signed up for the exercise.<ref>{{cite web |title=Exercise Cold Response 2022 – NATO and partner forces face the freeze in Norway |url=https://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/news_192351.htm?selectedLocale=en |website=www.nato.int |publisher=NATO |access-date=7 March 2022}}</ref> According to a Norwegian Joint Headquarters spokesman, this is 5,000 fewer troops than expected due to the concurrent [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russian invasion of Ukraine]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Olsen |first1=Øyvind Førland |title=Cold Response: 5.000 færre deltakende soldater enn planlagt |date=7 March 2022 |url=https://forsvaretsforum.no/cold-response-forsvarets-operative-hovedkvarter-usa/cold-response-5000-faerre-deltakende-soldater-enn-planlagt/251915 |publisher=Forsvarets Forum |access-date=7 March 2022}}</ref>
=== The 2024 exercise === [[File:Finnish Marines load gear into a Swedish CB90-class fast assault craft from the stern gate of USS Gunston Hall during Steadfast Defender 2024.jpg|thumb|[[Finnish Coastal Jaegers]] load gear into a Swedish [[CB90-class fast assault craft|CB90-class]] (2024)]]
4—15 March
In 2024, the exercise was renamed ''Nordic Response'', reflecting the NATO accession of [[Finland-NATO relations|Finland]] and [[Sweden-NATO relations|Sweden]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nordic Response 2024 |url=https://www.forsvaret.no/om-forsvaret/operasjoner-og-ovelser/ovelser/nr24 |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Forsvaret |language=nb}}</ref>
NATO initiated the Nordic Response 2024 exercise with over 20,000 troops from 13 nations, including Finland, Norway and Sweden. The drill is conducted in Arctic conditions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-04 |title=NATO launches historic Nordic response drill in Finland, Norway and Sweden |url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/nato-launches-historic-nordic-response-drill-finland-norway-sweden |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=Associated Press |language=en-US}}</ref>
=== The 2026 exercise === The exercise was called '''Cold Response 26''', involved 25,000 troops in Norway and 7,500 in Finland, totalling 32,500.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://puolustusvoimat.fi/coldresponse|title= Cold Response 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.forsvaret.no/en/exercises-and-operations/exercises/cr26|title= Cold Response 26}}</ref>
While America cancelled some of its F-35 participation due to the [[2026 Iran War]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.is.fi/kotimaa/art-2000011888461.html|title= Amerikkalaishävittäjien tulo Suomeen peruuntui viime hetkellä – ”Pettymys”}}</ref> With Sweden linking its participation in the excercise to the Swedish-led FLF Finland force.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.regeringen.se/uttalanden/2026/03/gemensamt-uttalande-av-forsvarsministrarna-i-sverige-finland-och-norge-om-cold-response-26-och-natos-framskjutna-narvaro-i-finland/|title= Gemensamt uttalande av försvarsministrarna i Sverige, Finland och Norge om Cold Response 26 och Natos framskjutna närvaro i Finland }}</ref> Yle citing concerns the exercise would cause damage to infrastructure, highlighting cracked roads in Enontekiö after the 2024 excercise. The Finnish Defence Forces promising to 'responsibly pay' compensation to fix such damage that could be caused by this exercise. On the otherhand some business owners say they benefit from the soliders as extra business and customers because of the exercise.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://yle.fi/a/74-20214397 |title=Thousands of Nato troops in Finland for Cold Response 26 exercise }}</ref>
==Accidents==
===Leopard 2 through the ice=== Two Norwegian soldiers from the [[Telemark Battalion]] died when a [[Leopard 2]] tank went through the ice in 2006.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tank crashes through ice - two soldiers killed |date=17 March 2006 |url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/world/arid-30249724.html |publisher=Irish Examiner |access-date=20 March 2022}}</ref>
===C-130 Hercules accident=== <!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Prev15.jpg|right|thumb|Members of the rescue team for the 2006 Leopard-2 drowning accident.]] --> {{Main|Norwegian C-130 Hercules accident}} A [[Royal Norwegian Air Force]] [[Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules|C-130 Hercules]] crashed during the exercise in the north of [[Sweden]] on 15 March 2012 where all five on board were killed.<ref name=edge>[http://www.tu.no/motor/2012/03/19/gikk-nesten-klar-av-fjellryggen "Went almost clear of the mountainside"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120421180946/http://www.tu.no/motor/2012/03/19/gikk-nesten-klar-av-fjellryggen |date=2012-04-21 }}, ''[[Teknisk Ukeblad]]'' 19 March 2012. Retrieved: 7 August 2012.</ref>
===MV-22B Osprey accident=== A [[United States Marine Corps]] [[Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey|MV-22B Osprey]]<ref name=CBS>{{cite web |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/osprey-v-22-crash-norway/ |title=U.S. military plane crashes with four on board in Norway, Norwegian government says |publisher=[[CBS News]] |date=18 March 2022 |accessdate=19 March 2022|language=en}}</ref> aircraft [[Accidents and incidents involving the V-22 Osprey|crashed]] in [[Beiarn Municipality]] during the exercise on 18 March 2022. All 4 crew members were killed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hjetland |first=Geir Bjarte |date=2022-03-18 |title=Amerikansk militærfly har styrtet i Nordland |url=https://www.nrk.no/norge/amerikansk-militaerfly-har-styrtet-i-nordland-1.15899499 |access-date=2022-03-18 |website=[[NRK]] |language=nb-NO}}</ref>
==References== {{reflist}}
[[Category:NATO military exercises]] [[Category:Military of Norway]] [[Category:Events cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic]]