{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}} {{Use British English|date=March 2014}} {{Infobox musical artist |name = Norbert Brainin |honorific_suffix = OBE |birth_date = {{birth date|1923|3|12|df=y}} |birth_place = Vienna, Austria |image = AmadeusQuartet1.gif |caption = Brainin (second from the left) with the Amadeus Quartet |background = non_vocal_instrumentalist |genre = Classical |instrument = Violin |past_member_of = Amadeus Quartet |death_date = {{death date and age|2005|4|10|1923|3|12|df=y}} |death_place = London, United Kingdom }}
'''Norbert Brainin''' {{post-nominals|post-noms=OBE|country=GBR}} (12 March 1923 – 10 April 2005) was the first violinist of the Amadeus Quartet, one of the world's most highly regarded string quartets.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/apr/11/guardianobituaries.artsobituaries Obituary: Norbert Brainin, The Guardian 11 April 2005]</ref>
Because of Brainin's Jewish origin, he was driven out of Vienna after Hitler's {{lang|de|Anschluß}} of 1938, as were Amadeus violinist Siegmund Nissel and violist Peter Schidlof. Brainin and Schidlof met in a British internment camp. Like many Jewish refugees, they had the misfortune of being confined by the British as "enemy aliens" after reaching the United Kingdom. Brainin was released after a few months, but Schidlof remained in the camp, where he met Nissel. Finally Schidlof and Nissel were released, and the three were able to study with violin pedagogue Max Rostal, who taught them free of charge.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}} Brainin won the 1946 Carl Flesch International Violin Competition, which Rostal co-founded.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |author=Boris Schwarz |author2=Margaret Campbell |entry=Flesch, Carl |year=2001 |encyclopedia=Grove Music Online |publisher=Oxford University Press |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.09814}}</ref>
It was through Rostal that they met cellist Martin Lovett, and in 1947 they formed the Brainin Quartet, which was renamed the Amadeus Quartet in 1948. They became one of the most celebrated quartets of the 20th century; its members were awarded numerous honours, including:
* Officer of the Order of the British Empire, presented by the Queen (1960) * Doctorates from the Universities of London, York, and Caracas * The highest of all German awards, the Grand Cross of Merit * The Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art (1974)<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/AB/AB_10542/imfname_251156.pdf | title = Reply to a parliamentary question | language = de | page=398 | access-date = 19 October 2012 }}</ref>
The quartet disbanded in 1987 on the death of Schidlof, whom the surviving members considered irreplaceable. Brainin continued to perform as a soloist, often with pianists Günter Ludwig and Maureen Jones. In 1992, he performed a benefit concert in Washington, D.C. for then-jailed presidential candidate Lyndon LaRouche.<ref>Murphy, Caryle, [https://web.archive.org/web/20121105192248/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1294134.html "Fund-Raiser for LaRouche Draws Complaints at GU"], Washington Post, 12/07/1988</ref>
His instruments included the "Rode" Guarnerius del Gesu of 1734, the "Chaconne" Stradivarius of 1725 and the "Gibson" Stradivarius of 1713.
== See also ==
* List of British Jewish entertainers
== References == {{Reflist}}
==External links== * [https://archive.today/20130426050933/http://www.gather.com/viewArticle.jsp?articleId=281474976733558 Martin Lovett remembering Norbert Brainin]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Brainin, Norbert}} Category:Jewish classical musicians Category:Austrian classical violinists Category:British classical violinists Category:British male violinists Category:Jewish emigrants from Austria after the Anschluss to the United Kingdom Category:Austrian emigrants to the United Kingdom Category:Austrian people of Russian descent Category:Musicians from Vienna Category:Officers of the Order of the British Empire Category:Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany Category:Recipients of the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art Category:1923 births Category:2005 deaths Category:LaRouche movement Category:People interned in the Isle of Man during World War II Category:20th-century classical violinists Category:Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom Category:Male classical violinists Category:20th-century British male musicians Category: World War II civilian prisoners held by the United Kingdom