{{Short description|Brazilian economist}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Nildo Ouriques | birth_date = 1959 | birth_place = [[Joaçaba]], [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]], [[Brazil]] | alma_mater = [[National Autonomous University of Mexico]] (doctorate) | party = [[PSOL]] - [[United Socialist Workers' Party]] (current [[Brazilian Revolution]]) | other_party = [[Workers' Party|PT]] (formerly) | image = }} [[File:NildoOuriquesEDUFSCposse.png|thumb|alt=Niles Oriques, a bald middle-aged man with a white beard and glasses. He is looking away from the camera with a serious expression.|Niles Ouriques]] '''Nildo Domingos Ouriques'''<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2018-10-18|title=Bolsonaro criou "uma bolha de interesses conservadores e liberais" no sul do país, avalia sociólogo|url=https://www.rfi.fr/br/brasil/20181018-bolsonaro-criou-uma-bolha-de-interesses-conservadores-e-liberais-no-sul-do-pais-aval|access-date=2021-02-28|website=RFI|language=pt-BR}}</ref> (born 1959<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Entrevista com Nildo Ouriques, pré-candidato à presidência pelo PSOL - Diário Liberdade|url=https://gz.diarioliberdade.org/brasil/item/220882-entrevista-com-nildo-ouriques-pre-candidato-a-presidencia-pelo-psol.html|access-date=2021-02-26|website=gz.diarioliberdade.org|language=pt}}</ref>) is a Brazilian economist and academic. He has served as president of the Institute for Latin American Studies (IELA) at the [[Federal University of Santa Catarina]] and as a professor of economics at the same university.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nildo Ouriques|website=IELA - Instituto de Estudos Latino-Americanos|language=pt-br}}</ref> Throughout his academic career, he has taught at institutions across the world, including the [[National University of Tucumán]] in [[Argentina]], the [[University of Padua]] in [[Italy]], the [[National Autonomous University of Mexico]] (UNAM), the [[Bolivarian University of Venezuela]], and Simón Bolívar University in [[Quito]], [[Ecuador]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nildo Domingos Ouriques|url=https://www.escavador.com/sobre/5830486/nildo-domingos-ouriques|access-date=2021-02-26|website=Escavador|language=pt-br}}</ref> In 2020, Ouriques was included on a list of so-called "government detractors" in academia and journalism.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-03|title=Quem são os jornalistas e youtubers chamados de 'detratores do governo'?|url=https://www.dci.com.br/politica/detratores-do-governo-quem-sao-os-jornalistas-e-influenciadores-listados/53821/|access-date=2021-02-28|website=DCI|language=pt-BR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Professor da UFSC aparece em lista de jornalistas e influenciadores em relatório do governo|url=https://www.nsctotal.com.br/colunistas/renato-igor/professor-da-ufsc-aparece-em-lista-de-jornalistas-e-influenciadores-em|access-date=2021-02-28|website=www.nsctotal.com.br|language=pt-BR}}</ref>
== Life and academic career == Ouriques was born in [[Joaçaba]], [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]], [[Brazil]], and lived in the city until the age of 17, when he finished high school.<ref name="nsctotal.com.br">{{Cite web|title=Conheça o catarinense Nildo Ouriques, que pode ser candidato à presidência pelo PSOL|url=https://www.nsctotal.com.br/noticias/conheca-o-catarinense-nildo-ouriques-que-pode-ser-candidato-a-presidencia-pelo-psol|access-date=2021-02-26|website=www.nsctotal.com.br|language=pt-BR}}</ref> During his youth, Ouriques was active in the student movement against the [[Military dictatorship in Brazil|military dictatorship]].<ref name=":0" /> Ouriques holds a [[doctorate]] in economics from the [[National Autonomous University of Mexico]] (UNAM) and a post-doctorate degree from the [[University of Buenos Aires]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-05-14|title=Professor da UFSC, Nildo Ouriques dará palestra no sindicato sobre liberalismo|url=https://www.sintrajud.org.br/professor-da-ufsc-dara-palestra-sobre-liberalismo/|access-date=2021-02-26|website=Sintrajud|language=pt-BR}}</ref> Much of Ouriques' work focuses on the relationship between [[Marxism]] and [[nationalism]], as well as the Marxist theory of dependence more generally.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nildo Ouriques|url=https://resistentes.org/author/nildoouriques/|access-date=2021-02-26|website=PORTAL RESISTENTES|language=pt-BR}}</ref>
== Political activity and views == Ouriques, who was a member of the left-wing [[Workers' Party (Brazil)|Workers' Party]] (PT)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nildo Ouriques|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/poder/2017/12/1939676-economista-nildo-ouriques-lanca-nome-ao-planalto-pelo-psol.shtml}}</ref> for two decades, left the party, citing his displeasure with what he referred to as the "''petucan'' system" (a [[portmanteau]] of ''petista'', a member of the PT, and ''[[Toucan|tucano]]'', a member of the centre-right [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party]], or PSDB).<ref name="nsctotal.com.br"/> According to Ouriques, though the PT was born out of "workers' protest against [[Military dictatorship in Brazil|the dictatorship]]", the party had succumbed to the "bourgeois order" in power.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-28|title=Nildo Ouriques e o 5º Encontro nacional do PT|url=https://www.pagina13.org.br/nildo-ouriques-e-o-5o-encontro-nacional-do-pt/|access-date=2021-02-26|website=Página 13|language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ouriques criticized [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] for not working closely enough with President [[Hugo Chávez]] of [[Venezuela]] to create an [[Anti-imperialism|anti-imperialist]] "cohesive [[South America|regional]] bloc" during his presidency.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Silva|first=Roberto Bitencourt da|title=A "Revolução Brasileira" de Nildo Ouriques, por Roberto Bitencourt da Silva {{!}} GGN|date=10 November 2017|url=https://jornalggn.com.br/partidos/a-revolucao-brasileira-de-nildo-ouriques-entrevista-com-o-pre-candidato-a-presidencia-pelo-ps/|access-date=2021-02-28|language=pt-BR}}</ref>
Ouriques is a staunch critic of the presidency of [[Jair Bolsonaro]], arguing that Brazil's foreign policy had become that of a [[banana republic]] under his rule.<ref>{{Cite web|title="A política externa do Brasil é de república bananeira, um desastre", afirma professor da UFSC|url=https://www.nsctotal.com.br/noticias/a-politica-externa-do-brasil-e-de-republica-bananeira-um-desastre-afirma-professor-da-ufsc|access-date=2021-02-26|website=www.nsctotal.com.br|language=pt-BR}}</ref> He has argued that the PT and the "liberal left" are unequipped to face the threats posed by Bolsonaro's rule.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sanson|first=Cesar|title="O governo Bolsonaro trará mais violência e desigualdade, mas a esquerda liberal não tem respostas à altura". Entrevista com Nildo Ouriques|url=http://www.ihu.unisinos.br/78-noticias/586304-o-governo-bolsonaro-trara-mais-violencia-e-desigualdade-mas-a-esquerda-liberal-nao-tem-respostas-a-altura-entrevista-com-nildo-ouriques|access-date=2021-02-26|website=www.ihu.unisinos.br|language=pt-br}}</ref> Ouriques has compared Bolsonaro to [[Augusto Pinochet]], the [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] dictator of [[Chile]] from 1974 to 1990.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-15|title=A revolução brasileira tematizada por Nildo Ouriques: ou massa ou classe social ou ambas?|website=IELA - Instituto de Estudos Latino-Americanos|language=pt-br}}</ref> Additionally, Ouriques has argued that the Bolsonaro Administration has destroyed Brazil's status as an [[emerging power]], and has relegated the country to being a proxy for [[United States|U.S.]] interests in the region.<ref>{{Cite web|last=admin|date=2019-02-06|title=El fin de Brasil como potencia global emergente|url=https://uninomadasur.net/?p=1075|access-date=2021-02-28|website=UninomadaSUR|language=es}}</ref>
[[Vice President of Brazil|Vice President]] [[Hamilton Mourão]], a retired general in the [[Brazilian Army]], has been the regular subject of criticism from Ouriques. Ouriques has said that Mourão is effectively "a man from the United States" who is fully "in tune with the United States' [[Monroe Doctrine|hemispheric security doctrine]]". Ouriques argues that Mourão's relative restraint in public settings compared to the more bombastic Bolsonaro makes him more dangerous than the President he serves under.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ouriques ataca 'alternativa' Mourão: "É um homem dos Estados Unidos"|url=http://www.programafaixalivre.com.br/noticias/ouriques-ataca-alternativa-mourao-e-um-homem-dos-estados-unidos/|access-date=2021-02-28|website=Programa Faixa Livre|language=pt-BR}}</ref>
As a native of the southern state of [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]], Ouriques has spoken about the legacy of [[European immigration to Brazil|European immigration]] and the [[Latifundio–minifundio land tenure structure|''latifúndio'']] system on current right-wing voting patterns in the region.<ref name=":1" /> Ouriques is active in the local PSOL branch in Santa Catarina, joining their launch rally for party candidates running in the 2018 election cycle.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mirante|first=O.|date=2018-02-20|title=Com presença de presidenciável, PSOL lança Adilson Mariano na disputa ao Congresso|url=https://omirantejoinville.com.br/2018/02/20/com-presenca-de-presidenciavel-psol-lanca-adilson-mariano-na-disputa-ao-congresso/|access-date=2021-02-28|website=O Mirante|language=pt-PT|archive-date=2020-08-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804115212/https://omirantejoinville.com.br/2018/02/20/com-presenca-de-presidenciavel-psol-lanca-adilson-mariano-na-disputa-ao-congresso/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
== 2018 presidential campaign == In the [[2018 Brazilian general election|2018 Brazilian presidential election]], Ouriques attempted to run for president as a member of the [[Socialism and Liberty Party]] (PSOL).<ref>{{Cite news|title=Os candidatos à Presidência e quais dificuldades têm de superar durante a campanha|language=pt-BR|work=BBC News Brasil|url=https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/brasil-42313908|access-date=2021-02-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-08|title=Filiação de Boulos é criticada por postulantes do PSOL|url=https://blogs.ne10.uol.com.br/jamildo/2018/03/08/filiacao-de-boulos-e-criticada-por-postulantes-do-psol/|access-date=2021-02-26|website=Blog de Jamildo|language=pt-br}}{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-16|title=Chico Alencar deve ser candidato ao Senado pelo Rio|url=https://oglobo.globo.com/brasil/chico-alencar-deve-ser-candidato-ao-senado-pelo-rio-21954073|access-date=2021-02-26|website=O Globo|language=pt-BR}}</ref> However, he lost the party's nomination to labor leader [[Guilherme Boulos]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-15|title=Nildo Ouriques e os novos desafios do PSOL|url=https://www.ocafezinho.com/2019/06/15/nildo-ouriques-e-os-novos-desafios-do-psol/|access-date=2021-02-26|website=O Cafezinho|language=pt-BR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Nildo Ouriques: 'Minha candidatura é pelas prévias'|url=https://esquerdaonline.com.br/2018/03/09/nildo-ouriques-minha-candidatura-e-por-previas/|access-date=2021-02-26|website=Esquerda Online|date=9 March 2018|language=pt-BR|archive-date=2022-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220820212638/https://esquerdaonline.com.br/2018/03/09/nildo-ouriques-minha-candidatura-e-por-previas/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-10|title=Guilherme Boulos é confirmado pré-candidato à Presidência da República pelo PSOL|url=https://www.istoedinheiro.com.br/guilherme-boulos-e-confirmado-pre-candidato-a-presidencia-da-republica-pelo-psol/|access-date=2021-02-26|website=ISTOÉ DINHEIRO|language=pt-BR}}</ref> Ouriques accused PSOL leadership of unfair favoritism towards Boulos.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Candidatura de Boulos racha Psol {{!}} Brasil {{!}} O Dia|url=https://odia.ig.com.br/brasil/2018/03/5520257-candidatura-de-boulos-racha-psol.html|access-date=2021-02-26|website=odia.ig.com.br|language=pt-BR}}</ref>
== Selected works == * ''O colapso do figurino francês: crítica às ciências sociais no Brasil'' ("The Collapse of the French Costume Design: Critique of Social Sciences in Brazil")<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Collapse of the French Costume|url=https://edisciplinas.usp.br/pluginfile.php/4289001/mod_folder/content/0/3.%20Teoria%20da%20Depend%C3%AAncia/OURIQUES%2C%20Nildo.%20O%20Colapso%20do%20Figurino%20Franc%C3%AAs.pdf?forcedownload=1}}</ref> - 2014 * ''Dependência e Marxismo: Contribuições ao Debate Crítico Latino-Americano'' ("Dependency and Marxism: Contributions to the Latin American Critical Debate")<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dependência e Marxism|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307981140}}</ref> - 2016 * ''Crítica à razão acadêmica: reflexão sobre a universidade contemporânea'' ("Critique of Academic Reason: Reflection on the Contemporary University")<ref>{{Cite web|title=Critique of Academic Reason|date=3 August 2017 |url=https://noticias.ufsc.br/2017/08/professores-da-ufsc-lancam-volume-dois-do-livro-critica-a-razao-academica-reflexao-sobre-a-universidade-contemporanea/}}</ref> - 2017
== References == {{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ouriques, Nildo}} [[Category:1959 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Brazilian academics]] [[Category:National Autonomous University of Mexico alumni]] [[Category:People from Joaçaba]] [[Category:Workers' Party (Brazil) politicians]] [[Category:Socialism and Liberty Party politicians]] [[Category:Academic staff of the National Autonomous University of Mexico]] [[Category:21st-century Brazilian economists]]