Newberry, Florida

{{Use American English|date=June 2025}} {{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}} {{Infobox settlement   | official_name = City of Newberry | name = Newberry, Florida | settlement_type = [[City (Florida)|City]] | image_skyline = Newberry City Hall.jpg | imagesize = 250x200px | image_caption = Newberry City Hall | image_seal = NewberryFLseal.png | seal_size = | image_blank_emblem = NewberryFLlogo.png | blank_emblem_type = Logo | blank_emblem_size = 140px | motto = | image_map = Alachua_County_Florida_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Newberry_Highlighted.svg | mapsize = 250x200px | map_caption = Location in [[Alachua County, Florida|Alachua County]] and the state of [[Florida]]  | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = United States | subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] | subdivision_name1 = Florida | subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Florida|County]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Alachua County, Florida|Alachua]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 =  | established_title =  | established_date = 1895 | established_title2 =  | established_date2 = | established_title3 =  | established_date3 = | government_footnotes = | government_type = [[Council-manager government|Commission-Manager]] | leader_title = [[Mayor]] | leader_name =  | unit_pref = Imperial | area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_12.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 31, 2021}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 155.15 | area_total_sq_mi = 59.90 | area_land_km2 = 152.42 | area_land_sq_mi = 58.85 | area_water_km2 = 2.73 | area_water_sq_mi = 1.05  | population_as_of = [[2020 United States census|2020]] | population_total = 7342 | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = 48.17 | population_density_sq_mi = 124.76  | timezone = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]] | utc_offset = -5 | timezone_DST = EDT | utc_offset_DST = -4 | elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> | elevation_ft = 85 | coordinates = {{coord|29|38|25|N|82|36|31|W|display=inline,title}}  | postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]] | postal_code = 32669 | area_code = [[Area code 352|352]] | blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] | blank_info = 12-48200<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> | blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID | blank1_info = 2404370<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2404370}}</ref> | website = {{URL|www.newberryfl.gov}} | footnotes = }}

'''Newberry''' is a city located in the southwest corner of [[Alachua County, Florida|Alachua County]], [[Florida]], United States. The population was 7,342 as of the [[2020 United States census|2020 Census]], up from 4,950 at the 2010 census. It is part of the [[Gainesville, Florida]] [[Gainesville metropolitan area, Florida|Metropolitan Statistical Area]]. Much of the city borders neighboring [[Gilchrist County, Florida|Gilchrist County]], to the west.

Developed as a mining and railroad town in the late 19th century, since the mid-20th century it has developed new commodity crops for agriculture. In 1984 Freddie Warmack was elected as its first black mayor, gaining 60% of the white vote. The city's historic district is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]]. Since 2019, Newberry's city commission has included a National Development Officer for the right-wing [[John Birch Society]].

==History== Newberry developed as a mining town after [[phosphate]] was discovered in the western part of Alachua County in the 1880s. In 1893, the [[Plant System|Savannah, Florida, and Western Railway]] was extended southward from [[High Springs, Florida|High Springs]] to Newberry, leading to its development as a railroad town and trading center.<ref>{{cite web|title=History|url=http://www.ci.newberry.fl.us/history|website=City of Newberry, Florida|access-date=2017-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829074939/http://www.ci.newberry.fl.us/history|archive-date=2017-08-29|url-status=dead}}</ref> A post office established in March 1894 was named Newton, but changed to Newberry in August of that year.

In this period, racial violence against blacks rose in Alachua County, where [[Lynchings in the United States|lynchings]] took place to enforce [[white supremacy]]. A total of 21 people, 19 of them black, were lynched in the county between 1891 and 1926.<ref name="dandec">[https://www.wuft.org/news/2017/12/06/newberry-lynchings-should-they-be-memorialized/ Nicole Dan, "Newberry Lynchings: Should They Be Memorialized?"], WUFT-TV, 6 December 2017; accessed 20 March 2018</ref>

By 1896, there were fourteen mines operating nearby. Newberry had hotels, boarding houses, and saloons to accommodate the area's transient and sometimes unruly population. The demand for phosphate ended abruptly in 1914, when war was declared against Germany, the principal customer for Newberry's phosphate. This caused a loss of jobs in the area, and social tensions rose.

The community turned from phosphate production to agriculture and new commodity crops. It was particularly successful in producing [[watermelon]]s. The Watermelon Festival, first held in 1946, a year after the end of [[World War II]], continues to be celebrated as an annual event.

Race relations have improved in the town since the late 20th century. Residents elected Freddie Warmack as its first black mayor in 1984; he gained 60% of the white vote.<ref name="dandec"/>

In 1987, [[Newberry Historic District (Newberry, Florida)|Newberry's Historic District]] was officially listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].

===Lynchings=== {{main|Newberry Six lynchings}} On August 19, 1916, what are called the [[Newberry Six lynchings]] took place, when three black men, including a minister, and two black women were killed by a white mob in a mass hanging; another man was shot. They had allegedly helped the escape of another African-American man, Boisy Long. He was accused of hog stealing and shooting two men.<ref name="dandec"/> Filmmaker Patricia Hilliard-Nunn, who is working on a documentary about African Americans in Alachua County, has studied these events. She believes that another three persons may have been lynched in association with the Boisy Long incident, either hanged, as were the Six, or shot to death.<ref name="dandec"/>

==Geography==

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|141.3|km2|disp=flip}}, of which {{convert|138.6|km2|disp=flip}} is land and {{convert|2.7|km2|disp=flip}} (1.93%) is water.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web|title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Newberry city, Florida|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US1248200|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212183231/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/1600000US1248200|archive-date=February 12, 2020|access-date=May 6, 2013|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder}}</ref>

==Demographics== {{US Census population |1910= 816 |1920= 917 |1930= 766 |1940= 735 |1950= 873 |1960= 1105 |1970= 1247 |1980= 1826 |1990= 1644 |2000= 3316 |2010= 4950 |2020= 7342 |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref> | align = right | align-fn = center }}

===Racial and ethnic composition=== {| class="wikitable" |+'''Newberry racial composition'''<br> (Hispanics excluded from racial categories)<br> (''NH = Non-Hispanic'')<br> !Race !Pop 2010<ref>{{Cite web|title=P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Newberry city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Newberry+city;+Florida+&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> !Pop 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Newberry city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Newberry+city;+Florida+&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> !% 2010 !% 2020 |- |[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH) |3,719 |4,716 |75.13% |64.23% |- |[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH) |705 |1,019 |14.24% |13.88% |- |[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH) |7 |15 |0.14% |0.20% |- |[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH) |66 |147 |1.33% |2.00% |- |[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]] (NH) |1 |1 |0.02% |0.01% |- |[[Other races (U.S. Census)|Some other race]] (NH) |8 |63 |0.16% |0.86% |- |[[Multiracial Americans|Two or more races/Multiracial]] (NH) |90 |436 |1.81% |5.94% |- |[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race) |354 |945 |7.15% |12.87% |- |'''Total''' |'''4,950''' |'''7,342''' | | |- |}

===2020 census=== As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], Newberry had a population of 7,342. The median age was 36.4 years. 28.3% of residents were under the age of 18 and 13.1% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 92.7 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 90.5 males age 18 and over.<ref name="Census2020DP">{{cite web|title=2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/dp?get=NAME,DP1_0021P,DP1_0024P,DP1_0025C,DP1_0049C,DP1_0045C,DP1_0069C,DP1_0073C,DP1_0125P,DP1_0126P,DP1_0129P,DP1_0133P,DP1_0137P,DP1_0138P,DP1_0139P,DP1_0141P,DP1_0142P,DP1_0143P,DP1_0145P,DP1_0146P,DP1_0147C,DP1_0148C,DP1_0149C,DP1_0156C,DP1_0157C,DP1_0158C,DP1_0159P,DP1_0160P&for=place%3A48200&in=state%3A12|website=United States Census Bureau|year=2021|access-date=April 28, 2026|df=mdy}}</ref><ref name="Census2020PL">{{cite web|title=2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=NAME,P1_001N,P1_003N,P1_004N,P1_005N,P1_006N,P1_007N,P1_008N,P1_009N,P2_001N,P2_002N,H1_001N,H1_002N&for=place%3A48200&in=state%3A12|website=United States Census Bureau|year=2021|access-date=April 28, 2026|df=mdy}}</ref>

0.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas.<ref name="Census2020DHC">{{cite web|title=2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/dhc?get=NAME,P2_002N,P2_003N&for=place%3A48200&in=state%3A12|website=United States Census Bureau|year=2023|access-date=April 28, 2026|df=mdy}}</ref>

There were 2,611 households in Newberry, of which 42.1% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 57.9% were married-couple households, 12.7% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 23.0% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 19.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name="Census2020DP"/>

In the 2020 ACS 5-year estimates, there were 1,385 families residing in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2020: Newberry city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Newberry+city;+Florida+&tid=ACSST5Y2020.S1101|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>

There were 2,796 housing units, of which 6.6% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.1% and the rental vacancy rate was 8.9%.<ref name="Census2020DP"/>

===2010 census=== As of the [[2010 United States census]], there were 4,950 people, 1,878 households, and 1,365 families residing in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2010: Newberry city, Florida|url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Newberry+city;+Florida+&tid=ACSST5Y2010.S1101|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>

In 2010, the population density was {{convert|92.5|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,068 housing units at an average density of {{convert|38.7|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}.<ref name="Census 2010 DP">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/1600000US1248200| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212133418/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/1600000US1248200| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 12, 2020| title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Newberry city, Florida| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=May 6, 2013}}</ref>

In 2010, 37.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.7% were headed by married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.6% were non-families. 22.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% were someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63, and the average family size was 3.07.<ref name="Census 2010 DP"/>

In 2010, in the city, the population was spread out, with 25.8% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 27.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.2 males.<ref name="Census 2010 DP"/>

===Income and poverty=== For the period 2007–2011, the estimated median annual income for a household in the city was $49,623, and the median income for a family was $62,461. Male full-time workers had a median income of $50,990 versus $36,417 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $22,851. About 11.5% of families and 18.4% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 32.2% of those under age 18 and 12.7% of those age 65 or over.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/11_5YR/DP03/1600000US1248200| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212093703/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/11_5YR/DP03/1600000US1248200| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 12, 2020| title=Selected Economic Characteristics: 22007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (DP03): Newberry city, Florida| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=May 6, 2013}}</ref> ==Notable places== The City of Newberry is home to both [[Nations Park|Champions Park]] of Newberry and the Easton-Newberry Sports Complex. Attracting more than 30,000 visitors annually for games and tournaments, Champions Park (originally Nations Park) was completed in June 2013 and renamed in May 2014. Located in North Central Florida, Champions Park of Newberry is located near Gainesville, Florida. Champions Park has 16 fields.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://championsparkfl.com/|title=Champions Park of Newberry, FL – Invitational Tournament Baseball Park|website=championsparkfl.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-07-14}}</ref>

Easton Newberry Sports Complex, a shared-use facility that combines the Easton Foundation Archery Center with the City of Newberry multiuse Recreation Department, and was selected by the United States Olympic Committee as a Community Olympic Development Program. Easton Newberry Sports Complex is one of only 10 programs nationwide to be designated by the USOC for its ability to train coaches and athletes, and provide venues in the sport of archery. The Easton-Newberry Sports Complex serves as a regional archery center for all skill levels, teaching archers the National Training System of USA Archery and giving all interested archers opportunities for advancement. With 100 acres of multipurpose facilities – including dedicated areas for archery training and events – the site currently reaches 6,200 people each year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://esdf.org/newberry/2013/07/26/4647/|title=U.S. Olympic Committee Designates Easton Newberry Sports Complex a Community Olympic Development Program {{!}} Newberry Archery Centers|website=esdf.org|language=en-US|access-date=2017-07-14}}</ref>

[[Gatorback Cycle Park]] is an off-road motorcycle park located northeast of the city.

==Education== Newberry is served by the [[Alachua County Public Schools]], which operates an elementary school, a middle school and [[Newberry High School (Florida)|Newberry High School]] in the city,<ref>[http://www.sbac.edu/schoolscenters.htm Alachua County Public Schools: Schools and Centers] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217024532/http://www.sbac.edu/schoolscenters.htm |date=2011-12-17 }}</ref> and the [[Alachua County Library District]], which operates a branch library in the city.<ref>[http://www.aclib.us/newberry Alachua County Library District: Newberry]</ref>

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== {{Commons category}} * [https://www.newberryfl.gov/ City of Newberry official website] * [https://www.discovernewberry.com City of Newberry Economic Development Website] * [http://www.newberryjonesvillechamber.com Newberry Jonesville Chamber of Commerce] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927014728/http://growth-management.alachua.fl.us/historic/historic_commission/historictowns/newberry/newberryhist.htm History of Newberry] * [https://www.floridastateparks.org/parks-and-trails/dudley-farm-historic-state-park Dudley Farm Historic State Park]

[[Category:Cities in Alachua County, Florida]] [[Category:Gainesville metropolitan area, Florida]] [[Category:Populated places in the United States established in 1889]] [[Category:Cities in Florida]] [[Category:1889 establishments in Florida]]