{{Short description|Moshav in the Judean foothills west of Jerusalem}} {{Infobox Kibbutz | name = Nes Harim | hebname = {{Script/Hebrew|נֵס הָרִים}} | image = NesHarim04.jpg | foundation = 1950 | founded_by = {{nowrap|Kurdish and Moroccan Jews}} | country = {{ISR}} | district = Jerusalem | council = Mateh Yehuda | affiliation = Moshavim Movement | popyear = {{Israel populations|Year}} | population = {{Israel populations|Nes Harim}}{{Israel populations|reference}} | pushpin_map = Israel jerusalem#Israel | pushpin_mapsize = 250 | pushpin_label_position = bottom | coordinates = {{coord|31|44|41|N|35|3|30|E|display=inline,title}} | meaning = Banner of the Mountains }}thumb|280px|The moshav in August 2010
'''Nes Harim''' ({{langx|he|נֵס הָרִים||Banner of the Mountains}}) is a moshav settlement in central Israel. Located in the Judean foothills near Beit Shemesh and eight kilometres west of Jerusalem,<ref name=CNN>[http://www.cnn.com/2009/TECH/03/11/byzantine.monastery.jerusalem/index.html Farmers find monastery beneath Israeli soil] CNN, 11 March 2009</ref> it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Yehuda Regional Council. In {{Israel populations|Year}} it had a population of {{Israel populations|Nes Harim}}.{{Israel populations|reference}}
It is situated {{convert|693|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} above sea level.
==Etymology== "The name ... derives from Isaiah, XVIII,3":<ref>Place Names in Israel. A Compendium of Place Names in Israel compiled from various sources. Translated from Hebrew, Jerusalem 1962 (Israel Prime Minister’s Office. The Israeli Program for Scientific Translations) p.134</ref> "When a mountain banner is raised, you will see it."
==History== The moshav settlement was established in 1950 by immigrants and refugees from northern Iran (South Kurdistan) and Morocco,<ref name=KW>[http://www.kosher-wine.com/wines/katlav.php Nes Harim history] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202151933/http://www.kosher-wine.com/wines/katlav.php |date=2014-02-02 }} Kosher Wine</ref> on the lands of the Palestinian Arab village of Bayt 'Itab, close to Dayr al-Hawa, which had been depopulated in the 1948 Palestine war.<ref>All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948, Walid Khalidi, 1992, Washington D.C., Institute for Palestine Studies, {{ISBN|0-88728-224-5}}, pp. 275, 286</ref><ref>Zvi Dror, ''Har'el: Palmach brigade in Jerusalem'', Ha-kibbutz ha-meuchad 2005, p. 269 (Hebrew)</ref> in Operation Ha-Har.
The early farmers planted orchards and vineyards, exploiting the fertile soil and unique climate.<ref name=KW/>
==Economy== The Katlav winery, named for the Strawberry tree (Arbutus andrachne) that grows in the region, is located in Nes Harim.<ref name=KW/> In 1998 Yosi Yittach left his profession as an architect to seek a quiet life with his family. He went into winemaking, first learning the trade from a Persian friend of the family who brought knowledge from “the old country,” with a strong oenophile tradition. He then supplemented his education with courses. His first production was in 2004. By 2006 he was bottling better quality wines worth sampling. House specialties are Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Chardonnay (10 percent Viognier), but what is unique is Wadi Katlav, a house blend (50 percent Cabernet Sauvignon, 30 percent Merlot, 20 percent Petit Verdot)—different from an older version that had 50 percent Sauvignon, 40 percent Merlot and 10 percent Syrah—aged in French oak barrels for eighteen months before bottling.<ref>Levinson, Jay Jewish Journeys near Jerusalem, Toronto: Key Publishing.</ref>
Nes Harim is located in the USA National Park<ref>{{Cite web |title=American Independence Park – Friendship Through Na {{!}} KKL JNF |url=http://https//www.kkl-jnf.org%2ftourism-and-recreation%2fforests-and-parks%2fus-independence-park%2f |access-date=2026-04-17 |website=https |language=en}}</ref>'s center. It is near many beautiful hiking trails such as Nahal Katlav, overlooking and descending into Nahal Sorek. The Jewish National Fund has an information center near Nes Harim and a field hostel (the Nes Harim Field and Forest Center) in an enclosed area near the moshav. Nearby are the Sorek Stalactite Caves and many picnic areas.
Nes Harim is home to two {{transliteration|he|tzimers}} (similar to bed and breakfasts), three restaurants, one of them kosher, a swimming pool and a riding ranch.
==Archaeology== In 2008, farmers discovered the remains of a 5th-or 6th-century Byzantine monastery on a hill on the southwest side of the moshav.<ref name=CNN/> Excavations followed in November 2008, during which archaeologists found the narthex of a church decorated with multicoloured mosaics, and parts of a wine press. After the discovery, the mosaic was badly damaged by unidentified vandals.<ref name=JP>[http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull&cid=1236764158743 Nes Harim church and wine press] The Jerusalem Post</ref>
The mosaic includes an inscription in ancient Greek deciphered by Leah Di Signi<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leah di Segni |url=https://library.biblicalarchaeology.org/auth/leah-di-segni/ |access-date=2026-04-17 |website=The BAS Library |language=en-US}}</ref> of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem: "O Lord God of Saint Theodorus, protect Antonius and Theodosia the illustres [a title used to distinguish high nobility in the Byzantine period] - Theophylactus and John the priest [or priests]. [Remember o Lord] Mary and John who have offe[red - ] in the 6th indiction. Lord, have pity of Stephen."<ref name=JP/>
Horbat 'Itab, a 130-dunam national park on the outskirts of Nes Harim, contains the ruins of a Crusader fortress that overlooked the road from Elah Velley to Jerusalem and the village of Bayt 'Itab. The site was surveyed in 1989 by Denys Pringle, a researcher of the Crusader period, who documented the remains of the fortified building, vaults, a wall and towers, tunnels, a columbarium and an olive press.<ref>[http://www.iaa-conservation.org.il/Projects_Item_eng.asp?site_id=44&subject_id=11 Conservation-engineering stabilization] Israel Antiquities Authority</ref>
==Notable residents== *Roy Folkman – politician *Yoaz Hendel – journalist, political activist and columnist for Yedioth Ahronoth. Former press secretary to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu *Hili Tropper – politician
==References== {{reflist}}
{{Mateh Yehuda Regional Council}}
Category:Moshavim Category:1950 establishments in Israel Category:Populated places established in 1950 Category:Populated places in Jerusalem District Category:Kurdish-Jewish culture in Israel Category:Moroccan-Jewish culture in Israel