{{short description|World War II Bases in Territory of Hawaii}} {{further|Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard|Naval Station Pearl Harbor|Attack on Pearl Harbor|Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam}} {{Coord|21.356365|N|157.964705|W|region:US-HI_dim:200km|display=title}} {{Infobox Former Subdivision |native_name = |conventional_long_name = Naval Base Hawaii |common_name = |nation = [[United States|the United States]] |subdivision = Bases of the {{flag|United States Navy}}, in a [[Territory of Hawaii|territory]] |image_map = Hawaii Islands2.png |image_map_caption = Main islands of the Territory of Hawaii |event_start = Founded |date_start = August 12, 1898 |year_start = |event_end = |year_end = |date_end = |event1 = {{nowrap|[[Attack on Pearl Harbor]]}} |date_event1 = December 7, 1941 |event2 = Martial law declared |date_event2 = December 7, 1941 |event3 = Martial law lifted |date_event3 = October 1944 |event_pre = |date_pre = |p1 = |flag_p1 = |s1 = |flag_s1 = |s2 = |capital = [[Honolulu]] |title_leader = [[List of governors of Hawaii#Hawaii Territory|Governor of Hawaii]] |leader1 = [[Joseph Poindexter]] |year_leader1 = 1934-1942 |leader2 = [[Ingram Stainback]] |year_leader2 = 1942-1951 |title_deputy = [[Territory of Hawaii#Martial law|Military governor]] of Hawaii |deputy1 = [[Lieutenant general (United States)|LTG]] [[Walter Short]] |year_deputy1 = December 7–17, 1941 |deputy2 = LTG [[Delos Emmons]] |year_deputy2 = 1941–1943 |deputy3 = {{nowrap|LTG [[Robert C. Richardson Jr.]]}} |year_deputy3 = 1943–1944 }} {{Campaignbox World War II}} {{Campaignbox Pacific War}} [[File:Pearl_Harbor_Mooring_and_Berthing_Plans.jpg|thumb|right|Pearl Harbor Mooring and Berthing Plan Map]] [[file:Hawaii map new.png|thumb|right|Map of the [[List of counties in Hawaii|five counties]] of the [[Hawaii|state of Hawai{{okina}}i]]]] [[File:Hawaii_regions_map.png|thumb|right|Hawaii regions map]] '''Naval Base Hawaii''' was a number of [[United States Navy]] bases in the [[Territory of Hawaii]] during [[World War II]]. At the start of the war, much of the [[Hawaiian Islands]] was converted from tourism to a [[United States Armed Forces]] base. With the loss of [[US Naval Base Philippines]] in [[Philippines campaign (1941–1942)|Philippines campaign of 1941 and 1942]], Hawaii became the US Navy's main base for the early part of the [[island-hopping]] [[Pacific War]] against [[Empire of Japan]]. [[Naval Station Pearl Harbor]] was founded in 1899 with the [[annexation of Hawaii]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/locations/hawaii/history.htm|title=Hawaiian History – Hawaiʻi (U.S. National Park Service)|website=www.nps.gov}}</ref><ref>[https://pacificwrecks.com/provinces/hawaii.html Naval Base Hawaii] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306233748/https://pacificwrecks.com/provinces/hawaii.html |date=2023-03-06 }}''pacificwrecks.com''</ref>
==History== Pearl Harbor started as a naval facility and coaling station after a December 9, 1887, agreement. [[King Kalākaua]] granted the United States exclusive rights to use Pearl Harbor as a port and repair base. The United States - Hawaii relationship started with the [[Reciprocity Treaty of 1875]], a free trade agreement. On May 28, 1903, the first battleship, {{USS|Wisconsin|BB-9|6}} arrived at the new coal station for coal and water. The Naval Station had existed in Pearl Harbor since 1898, but in 1908 the [[United States Congress]] allocated $3 million to build Navy Yard Pearl Harbor. Also in 1908 the [[Great White Fleet]] stopped at Pearl Harbor on its journey around the globe.<ref name="Shipyard Highlights – Hawaii">{{cite web|url=http://www.honolulumagazine.com/Honolulu-Magazine/May-2008/The-Yard508/Shipyard-Highlights/|title=Shipyard Highlights – Hawaii|website=www.honolulumagazine.com|access-date=2022-12-28|archive-date=2018-11-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130202154/http://www.honolulumagazine.com/Honolulu-Magazine/May-2008/The-Yard508/Shipyard-Highlights/}}</ref> During World War II Naval Base Hawaii was given the codename ''Copper'' and Naval Station Pearl Harbor the codename ''FRAY''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/l/the-logistics-of-advance-bases.html |title=The Logistics of Advance Bases |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref> The fear of Japan's aggression started at the end of [[World War I]].
After World War I in which [[Japan during World War I|Japan fought on the Allied side]], Japan [[Japan during World War I#Events of 1914|took control of German bases in China and the Pacific]]. In 1919, the [[League of Nations]] approved Japan's [[South Seas Mandate|mandate]] over the German islands north of the equator. The United States did not want any mandates and was concerned with Japan's aggressiveness. As such [[Wilson Administration]] transferred 200 Atlantic [[warship]]s to the Pacific Fleet in 1919.<ref>Cathal J. Nolan, et al. ''Turbulence in the Pacific: Japanese-U.S. Relations during World War I'' (2000)</ref><ref>[https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/fac/PH/USN-Hawaii-3.html Development of the Naval Establishment Pearl Harbor]''US Navy''</ref> The [[Port of San Diego]] was too shallow to handle the [[battleship]]s, so [[San Pedro Submarine Base]] became a Naval Base on August 9, 1919. San Pedro Submarine Base and [[Long Beach, California|Long Beach]] became fleet anchorage for the 200 ships. In 1940, President Roosevelt had the fleet at San Pedro moved and stationed at [[Honolulu]]'s [[Naval Base Pearl Harbor]] due to Japanese war actions in China. While the United States was committed to [[Neutrality Acts of the 1930s|Neutrality]] in the 1930s, Japan's [[Second Sino-Japanese War|aggression against China]] had caused concern.
On December 7, 1941, Japan carried out a surprise military strike on the Naval Base in Pearl Harbor.<ref>[https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=71610 Island of Oahu, Attack on Pearl Harbor]''hmdb.org''</ref><ref>[https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/fac/PH/USN-Hawaii-2.html Pearl Harbor: Its Origin and Administrative History Through World War Two]''US Navy''</ref> Japan hoped to eliminate US military force in the Pacific as it soon carried out attacks across the South Pacific. The attack led the US to enter World War II. For the US all of the [[United States Pacific Fleet|Pacific Fleet]] [[Aircraft carrier operations during World War II|aircraft carriers]] were at sea during the attack and most of the other ships sunk in the attack were repaired and put back in service. During the war, Hawaii became a major staging and training base for the Pacific War. Many wounded troops were sent to Hawaii hospitals.<ref>[https://www.history.navy.mil/research/archives/digital-exhibits-highlights/action-reports/wwii-pearl-harbor-attack/pearl-harbor-mooring-and-berthing-plans.html Base Plans]''US Navy''</ref> The [[Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard]] became a major repair base for the war. Hawaii was a major supply depot and refueling depot for the Pacific War. A vast fleet of [[World War II United States Merchant Navy|United States Merchant Navy]] ships help keep the base depots supplied. [[Consequences of the attack on Pearl Harbor|After the attack]] at Pearl Harbor, [[Walter Short|General Walter Short]] put Hawaii on [[Martial law]], putting all of Hawaii under military rule till the end of the war. Japanese-Americans and Japanese immigrants on Hawaii were sent to [[Internment Camps]] during the war. Two small internment camps were built in [[Honolulu Harbor]] and [[Honouliuli National Historic Site|Honouliuli]]. At Honouliuli 3,000 Japanese were held and later Italians, Okinawans, German Americans, Taiwanese, and a few Koreans were later held. At the end of the war, many of the troops returned home in [[Operation Magic Carpet]] and some of the small bases were closed. In the [[Korean War]] (1950–1953) some ships in the [[United States Navy reserve fleets]] returned to active duty after being overhauled at the shipyard and [[sea trial]]ed by the base. With the [[Vietnam War]] (1955–1975) the base was again busy with support efforts. The [[Cold War]] (1947-1991) and the [[600-ship Navy]] had Naval Base Hawaii active.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://maalaea.com/impact-of-world-war-ii-on-hawaii/|title=The Impact Of World War II On Hawaii and the Aftermath|first=Maalaea|last=Town|date=November 12, 2021|website=maalaea.com}}</ref><ref>[https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/Building_Bases/bases-22.html Building BAses, Pearl Harbor and the Outlying Islands] ''US Navy''</ref> [[Hawaii]] was admitted as a [[US state]] on August 21, 1959 by the [[Hawaii Admission Act]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wowpolynesia.com/hawaiian-language/ |title=Hawaiian language |publisher=Wow Polynesia |date=December 2, 2009 |access-date=April 16, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110618030826/http://www.wowpolynesia.com/hawaiian-language/ |archive-date=June 18, 2011 }}</ref>
==Pearl Harbor attack== [[File:Pearl_Harbor_1941.jpg|thumb|right|Pearl Harbor attack on 7 December 1941]] {{main|Attack on Pearl Harbor|Midget submarines attack Pearl Harbor|Ships of Pearl Harbor attack}} Japan planned and carried out a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. Japanese [[midget submarine]]s type [[Type A Kō-hyōteki-class submarine|Kō-hyōteki]] were used during the Pearl Harbor attack. Five midget submarines were launched before the Pearl Harbor attack: 16, 18, 19, 20, and 22. Of the five submarines it is thought that only two made it into the harbor. [[HA. 19 (Japanese midget submarine)|No. 19]] was captured as it grounded on the east side of Oahu. No. 18 sank after a [[depth charge]] attack. No. 20 was sunk by [[USS Ward (DD-139)|''Ward'']]. No. 22 made it into Pearl Harbor and fired two torpedoes, both missed their targets before being sunk by the [[USS Monaghan (DD-354)|USS Monaghan]]. No.16 fired two torpedoes, at an unknown target. The midget submarines had been launched by fleet submarines {{Jsub|I-16||2}}, {{Jsub|I-18||2}}, {{Jsub|I-20||2}}, {{Jsub|I-22|1938|2}}, and {{Jsub|I-24|1939|2}} {{convert|10|nmi|km mi|abbr=on}} from Pearl Harbor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/HURL/midget.html|title=The Search for the World War II Japanese Midget Submarine Sunk off Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941|access-date=2008-09-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926054829/http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/HURL/midget.html|archive-date=26 September 2008}}</ref><ref>Stewart, A.J., LCDR USN. "Those Mysterious Midgets", United States Naval Institute Proceedings, December 1974, p.55-63</ref>
Imperial Japanese aircraft (including [[fighter aircraft|fighter]]s, [[Bomber|level and dive bomber]]s, and [[torpedo bomber]]s) attacked bases in Hawaii, including Pearl Harbor in two waves. The aircraft were launched from six [[aircraft carrier]]s 430 km (260 mi) north of Hawaii. The main target was [[Battleship Row]] at Ford Island and the airfields. Seven [[battleship]]s were at Ford Island and one was in dry dock No. 1 for repairs, the {{USS|Pennsylvania|BB-38|6}}. All eight battleships were damaged and four were sunk in the shallow waters of Pearl Harbor. The battleship {{USS|Arizona|BB-39|6}} and {{USS|Utah|BB-31|6}} were not salvaged and remain as war grave memorials. The battleship {{USS|Oklahoma|BB-37|2}} was salvaged and then scrapped due to her age. The other battleships damaged were repaired and returned to service: {{USS|West Virginia|BB-48|2}}, {{USS|California|BB-44|2}}, {{USS|Nevada|BB-36|2}}, {{USS|Maryland|BB-46|2}}, {{USS|Tennessee|BB-43|2}} and ''Pennsylvania''. In the attack three [[cruiser]]s: {{USS|Helena|CL-50|2}}, {{USS|Raleigh|CL-7|2}} and {{USS|Honolulu|CL-48|2}} were damaged and later repaired. Four [[destroyer]]s: {{USS|Cassin|DD-372|2}}, {{USS|Downes|DD-375|2}}, {{USS|Helm|DD-388|2}}, {{USS|Shaw|DD-373|2}} were damaged and later repaired.<ref>{{Harvnb|Thomas|2007|pp=57–59}}</ref> and one [[minelayer]]. More than 180 US aircraft were destroyed.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Pearl-Harbor-attack |title=Pearl Harbor attack | Date, History, Map, Casualties, Timeline, & Facts | Britannica |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=11 April 2022}}</ref> In the attack 2,403 Americans were killed and 1,178 others were wounded.<ref>{{cite web |mode=cs2 |last=Rosenberg |first=Jennifer |date=January 23, 2019 |title=Facts About the Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor |website=ThoughtCo. Humanities > History & Culture |url=https://www.thoughtco.com/pearl-harbor-facts-1779469 |access-date=December 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211024020725/https://www.thoughtco.com/pearl-harbor-facts-1779469 |archive-date=October 24, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> The attack destroyed most of the planes at [[NAS Ford Island]], [[Hickam Field]], to the North [[Wheeler Army Airfield|Wheeler Airfield]] and [[Naval Air Station Kaneohe Bay|NAS Kaneohe Bay]]. Japan's focus on the battleships, other large ships and airfields in the attack left other parts of the base unharmed: the power station, [[dry dock]]s, [[Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard|shipyard]], depots, fuel tanks, and torpedo depot, ammo, depots, submarine base, [[Station Hypo|intelligence office]]. Of the Japanese 354 planes 29 aircraft were lost.<ref>{{Harvnb|Fuchida|2011|loc=chs. 19, 20}}</ref><ref name="IJN">{{cite web|title=Aircraft Attack Organization |url=http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AAF/USSBS/PTO-Campaigns/USSBS-PTO-2.html#appendix3 |publisher=Ibiblio.org |access-date=July 17, 2011| url-status=live| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110623081726/http://ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AAF/USSBS/PTO-Campaigns/USSBS-PTO-2.html| archive-date= June 23, 2011}}</ref><ref name="Prange 1941, p.174">{{harvnb|Prange|Goldstein|Dillon|1988|p=174}}</ref>
At the time of the attack, no US aircraft carriers were at Pearl Harbor. The [[USS Enterprise (CV-6)|USS ''Enterprise'']] was returning to Pearl Harbor and was 215 miles west of Pearl Harbor. [[USS Lexington (CV-2)|USS ''Lexington'']] was 500 miles southeast of [[Midway Atoll|Midway]]. [[USS Saratoga (CV-3)|USS ''Saratoga'']] was at [[NAS San Diego]] preparing to depart to Pearl Harbor. Due to the attack, the [[USS Yorktown (CV-5)|USS ''Yorktown'']] was transferred to the Pacific Fleet on 16 December 1941. New aircraft carriers would join the Pacific War and other transferred. The USS ''Yorktown'' was later sunk by [[Japanese submarine I-168]] on 7 June 1942. USS ''Lexington'' (CV-2) was badly damaged in the [[Battle of the Coral Sea|Battle of the Coral]] on 8 May 1942 and was scuttled.<ref>[https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/c/carrier-locations.html Pearl Harbor Attack, 7 December 1941 Carrier Locations]''US Navy''</ref>
==Current Hawaii Naval Bases== *[[Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam]] - [[Navy Region Hawaii]] since 25 July 1997 **[[Lualualei VLF transmitter]] **Pearl Fleet Navy Exchange Store<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mynavyexchange.com/storelocator/storedetails.jsp?storeid=727|title=Pearl Fleet Navy Exchange Store In Pearl Harbor, Hi | Shop Your Navy Exchange - Official Site|website=www.mynavyexchange.com}}</ref> *[[Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard]] *Mana Airport, became [[Pacific Missile Range Facility]] in 1957, Barking Sands, Kauai FPO# 901 *[[Naval Computer and Telecommunications Area Master Station Pacific]] in Wahiawa, was Naval Radio Station Wahiawa *[[Navy Information Operations Command, Hawaii]] (NIOC Hawaii) * The US Navy supports: [[Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay]]
==Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor== [[File:Pearl Harbor submarine base in the early 1930s.jpg|thumb|Pearl Harbor submarine base in the early 1930s. ''USS Alert'' at the lower right use as a barracks ship. The Kuahua supply depot is in the upper left corner]] [[file:USS Alert (AS-4).jpg|thumb|[[USS Alert (AS-4)|USS ''Alert'']], as submarine tender for the Third Submarine Division of the [[U.S. Pacific Fleet|Pacific Fleet]], lying alongside the wharf at Kuahua Island, U.S. Naval Station, [[Pearl Harbor]], 22 August 1917. {{USS|K-3|SS-34|2}} and {{USS|K-4|SS-35|2}} are alongside; the unidentified "boat" is probably {{USS|K-8|SS-39|2}}]] [[File:Aerial view of the Pearl Harbor submarine base and adjacent fuel tank farms on 13 October 1941 (80-G-182880) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Pearl Harbor submarine base and fuel tank farms in October 1941, with Merry Point at the top. Top Center is the Bloch Arena]] Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor opened in 1918 at the end of World War I. The US Navy sent [[United States R-class submarine]]s: {{USS|R-15|SS-92}} and {{USS|R-20|SS-97}}. The [[submarine]]s arrived in January 1919. In 1912 four [[United States F-class submarine|F-class submarine]]s operated out of the Naval Station at Pier 5 in Honolulu. {{USS|F-4}} sank off Honolulu in 1915 and the remaining F-class submarines were taken back to the states.<ref name=NYTimes>{{cite news|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=16 April 1915 |title=WATER IN HULL OF F-4.; Diver Also Reports That Superstructure of Submarine Has Caved In. |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://timesmachine.n`ytimes.com/timesmachine/1915/04/16/100150424.pdf |access-date=2011-08-24}}</ref> In 1916 four [[United States K-class submarine|K type submarines]] operated out of Pearl Harbor with the [[submarine tender]] [[USS Alert (AS-4)]] till after World War I.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Johnson | first = Robert Erwin | year = 2013 | title = Far China Station: The U.S. Navy in Asian Waters, 1800–1898| publisher = Naval Institute Press | isbn = 978-1-59114-409-0 }} page 195</ref> In 1919 a submarine base was built with waterfront concrete docking slabs at {{coord|21.355|-157.942|display=inline}}, on Quarry Loch and Magazine Loch. Commander [[Chester W. Nimitz]], later Fleet Admiral Nimitz, was the first Commanding Officer of the Pearl Harbor Submarine Base, Submarine Division 14. Some of the new bases building were aviation [[cantonment]] buildings from World War I France. The new base had a mess hall, administration building; machine shop, carpenter shop, electric plant, gyro-compass shop, optical and battery overhaul shops. For general stores, a floating barge was used. Starting in 1920, nine [[United States R-class submarine]] were stationed Pearl Harbor in 1920. In 1923 permanent building construction was stated. With limited barracks during construction submarine personnel lived on the 1885 cruiser [[USS Chicago (1885)|USS Chicago]], later renamed the [[USS Alton]], at where pier S1 is now.<ref>United States Submarine Operations in World War II, by Theodore Roscoe</ref> By 1925, the sub base had about 25 buildings and some swamp land had been turned in usable land. In 1928, the current U-shaped barracks building was built to house all submarine and submarine base personnel. By 1933, submarine berths 10 to 14 were completed with a 30-ton crane for servicing the subs. In 1933 a submarine rescue and training tank was built. In 1933 a new torpedo shop, pool, theater and repair building were completed and the USS Alton retired. Pearl Harbor Submarine Base was not attacked on 7 December 1941, the base was small compared to Naval Base and [[battleship]]s. So the submarine fleet was the first to take the war to Japan in the Pacific.<ref>[https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=81417 USS Seawolf (SS-197) Marker]''hmdb.org''</ref><ref>[https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=81419 USS Swordfish (SS-193) Marker]''hmdb.org''</ref> The submarine Base started with 359 men on 30 June 1940, then 700 on 15 August 1941, to 1,081 by July 1942, and peaked July 1944 with 6,633 men at the Submarine Base.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5e0Tor2kMg How Allied Submarines Crippled Japan in WW2]''youtube.com''</ref> Over 400 men were stationed on submarines out of the 123.5 acre base. During the war, the base handled 15,644 torpedoes and 5,185 torpedoes fired at enemy vessels. Of these 1,860 torpedoes made successful hits. Submarine Base had is own Base Medical Department, as medical needs on a sub are different than a ship. For Rest and Recuperation, the Submarine Base used the nearby [[Royal Hawaiian Hotel]] with 425 rooms, air crew and small craft crew used the hotel also. The base had a baseball team: the Pearl Harbor Submarine Base Dolphins. The bases on Hawaii each had a team that would play in their downtime. [[Submarine Memorial Chapel]] it is the oldest chapel at Pearl Harbor, it in now a remembrance of all the submariners who died in World War II.<ref name="auto2">[https://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/p/pearl-harbor-submarine-base-1918-1945.html Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor]''US Navy''</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theleansubmariner.com/2017/08/17/in-the-waters-of-pearl-building-the-pearl-harbor-submarine-base-1918-1945/|title=In the Waters of Pearl – Building the Pearl Harbor Submarine Base 1918-1945|date=August 17, 2017}}</ref> On 7 December 1941, the US Navy had operational: 55 [[fleet submarine]] and 18 medium-sized submarines ([[United States S class submarine|S-class submarines]]) in the Pacific, 38 submarines in other theaters, and 73 submarines under construction.<ref>Morison (1949), p.188.</ref> By the end of World War II, the Navy had built 228 submarines.<ref>Lenton, H. T. ''American Submarines'' (Navies of the Second World War Series; New York: Doubleday, 1973), p.5 table.</ref> [[Commander, Submarine Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet]], [[USS Parche (SS-384)|USS Parche Memorial]], Submarine Memorial Park, Sharkey Theater, Paquet Hall, NGIS Lockwood Hall Annex, and Navy Gateway Lockwood Hall are on the former Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor location on Quarry Loch and Magazine Loch in Southeast Loch.
===Pearl Harbor PT Boat Base=== [[File:PT-20 Underway at high speed, circa 1941.jpg|thumb|[[Patrol torpedo boat PT-20|PT-20]] that was at Pearl Harbor in 1941]] At the Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor was the Pearl Harbor PT Boat Base. [[PT boat]]s used the same [[torpedo]]es as the submarines so the PT Boat base operated out of the Submarine Base. At the time of the attack six PT boats were in Magazine Loch at the base at Berth S-13: [[Patrol torpedo boat PT-20|PT-20]], PT-21, PT-22, PT-23, PT-24, and PT-25, [[Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron One]]. The PT Boats were the first to use their [[Anti-aircraft warfare|anti-aircraft]] guns to shoot back. The PT Boats fired over 4,000 rounds at the planes with Boat PT-23 shooting down the first [[Nakajima B5N|Japanese torpedo bomber]] in the attack. The boats engaged in [[Anti-submarine weapon|anti-submarine]] patrols after the attack. [[Type B ship|YR-20]], a submarine barge, was being used as a PT Boat tender for the PT Boat squadron at Pearl Harbor. Six PT Boats, at the time of the attack, were in various stages of being loaded onto the deck of the oil tanker, [[USS Ramapo (AO-12)|USS ''Ramapo'']], to be shipped to [[Naval Base Philippines]]. ''Ramapo'' was at berth B-12 at the Naval Yard, as a Naval Yard [[Crane (machine)|crane]] was being used to load the boats. [[Patrol torpedo boat PT-29]] was one the boats already loaded on ''Ramapo''. The six PT-Boats at [[replenishment oiler]] ''Ramapo'', PT-26, PT-27, PT-28, PT-29, [[Patrol torpedo boat PT-30|PT-30]] and [[Patrol torpedo boat PT-42|PT-42]], were able to fire at the attackers. With the [[Philippines campaign (1941–1942)|fall of the Philippines]] the 12 PT Boats were sent to defend the [[Midway Atoll]] in May 1942 under their own power. PT-23 broke down en route and was returned to Pearl Harbor.<ref name=Bulkley79>{{cite book|title=Bulkley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OtM_AAAAYAAJ&q=pt-23&pg=PA59|page=79|last1 = Bulkley|first1 = Robert Johns|year = 1962}}</ref><ref>[https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2014/october/navys-gallant-sentries The Navy's Gallant Sentries]''usni.org''</ref> In 1943 PT Boats with Squadron 26, (PT-255 thru PT-264) were stationed at Pearl Harbor. PT Boats had a range of about 500 miles and were armed with four [[.50-caliber machine gun]]s and four 21-inch [[torpedo tube]]s. PT Boat were [[Wooden boats of World War II|wooden]] boat that were small, fast and able to attack large ships.<ref>[http://www.ptboatworld.com/PT_Boat_Info/pearlharbor.htm PT Boats At Pearl Harbor On 7 December 1941]''ptboatworld.com''</ref><ref>[http://www.navsource.net/archives/12/05020.htm PT-20] ''NavSource''</ref>
==Ford Island Seaplane Base== {{main|Ford Island}} [[File:P2Ys VP-10F at Pearl Harbor 1934.jpg|thumb|Ford Island Seaplane Base with [[Consolidated P2Y]] seaplane with [[VPB-23|VP-10F]] at Pearl Harbor in 1934]] Ford Island Seaplane Base was located on [[Ford Island]]'s southwestern corner in Pearl Harbor. The base was called '''Naval Air Station Ford Island''', (NAS Ford Island). On December 16, 1918, two seaplane ramps and two seaplane hangars were built. The base was near the Joint Services Flying Field, later renamed Luke Field Amphibian Base. The Island in the early days was called ''Rabbit Island''. The US Army operated Luke Field, a 5,400 foot long runway, on Ford Island from 1919 to 1941.<ref>[https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_HI_Oahu_S.htm#ford Ford Island Luke Field]''airfields-freeman.com''</ref> In 1941 all of Ford Island used by the US Navy and renamed NAS Pearl Harbor. US Navy unit VJ-1 (JRS-1) was based at the Seaplane Base. Ford Island Seaplane Base was the first base hit on the 7 December 1941 attack. An [[Aichi D3A|Aichi D3A Val]] piloted by Lt Cdr Takahashi dropped the first bomb, a 242 kg [[List of Japanese World War II navy bombs|Type 98 land bomb]] at 7:55am on the seaplane ramp. During the war [[Consolidated PBY Catalina]] and [[Martin PBM Mariner]] were both stationed and passed through the base. [[Battleship Row]] was along the east shore of Ford Island.<ref>[https://pacificwrecks.com/airfields/usa/ford/index.html Ford Island Seaplane Base]''pacificwrecks.com''</ref><ref>[https://hiavps.com/Luke%20Field.htm Luke Field]''hiavps.com''</ref><ref>Osprey Combat Aircraft 63, Aichi 99 Kanbaku 'Val' Units 1937–42, by Osamu Tagaya and Justin Taylan</ref> [[K. Mark Takai Pacific Warfighting Center]] is currently on Ford Island.
==Net laying== [[file:USS ASH AN-7.jpg|thumb|[[USS Ash|USS ''Ash'']] [[Net laying ship]] that worked at Pearl Harbor]] After the attack on Pearl Harbor, there was concern about a second attack, as such more [[anti-submarine net]] operations were put in place to protect [[capital ship]]s and the dry docks. [[Net laying ship]]s: [[USS Ash|USS ''Ash'']], and [[USS Cinchona (AN-12)|USS ''Cinchona'']] [[Aloe-class net laying ship]]s, worked at Pearl Harbor through the war. [[Type B ship|YNG-17]] a net barge was used by the net laying ships to store nets at Pearl Harbor. In 1941 at the Pearl Harbor entrance the Navy had only a [[torpedo net]] installed. The torpedo net was only about 30 feet deep and did not extend down to the bottom of the channel with anchors. Submarine nets are anchored to the bottom. One and maybe two midget submarines were able to go under the torpedo net. At the time of the attack, no nets were installed in the Naval Base harbor, as the shallow harbor was thought to be safe from air torpedoes. After the attack temporary and later permanent nets were placed to protect capital ships and the dry docks. A fleet of net laying ships were built and used at major bases across the Pacific War.<ref>Revolution in Nets: An Unglamorous But Essential Phase of Naval Warfare, by Buford Rowland, Vol. 11, No. 3, 1947), pp. 149-158</ref><ref>[http://www.navsource.net/archives/09/18/1800012.htm Net laying Pearl Harbor] ''NavSource''</ref><ref>At Dawn We Slept, The Untold Story of PEARL HARBOR, by Gordon W. Prange</ref>
==Kaneohe Bay Seaplane Base== [[File:Naval_Air_Station,_Kaneohe_Bay,_During_the_Pearl_Harbor_Raid.jpg|thumb|right|Naval Air Station Kaneohe after Pearl Harbor raid. With burnt hangar, seaplane PBY, 4 of the 5 seaplane ramps are visible]] Kaneohe Bay Seaplane Base, '''Naval Air Station Kaneohe Bay''', at [[Kaneohe Bay]], Oʻahu on 464 acres of the Mokapu Peninsula.<ref>[https://pearlharbor.org/other-targets-naval-air-station-kaneohe-bay/ Naval Air Station Kaneohe Bay]''pearlharbor.org''</ref> In 1940 a 5,700 by 1,000 foot runway was added to seaplane base, with housing for 9,000 men. During the 1941 attack, only 9 of the 36 [[Consolidated PBY Catalina|PBY Catalinas]] at Kaneohe Base survived the attack and of the 9 that survived, six were damaged. At the Kaneohe Bay Seaplane Base 18 sailors were killed in the attack. Seabees built an assembly depot, repair depot, plating shop, engine testing depot, and an engine-overhaul depot. In February 1944 the Seabees built a second runway 5,000-feet long, Kaneohe Field.<ref>[https://pacificwrecks.com/provinces/hawaii_kaneohe_bay.html Kaneohe Bay]''pacificwrecks.com''</ref><ref>[https://www.history.navy.mil/our-collections/photography/wars-and-events/world-war-ii/pearl-harbor-raid/attacks-on-airfields-and-aerial-combat/naval-air-station--kanoehe-bay--during-the-pearl-harbor-raid.html Naval Air Station Kaneohe Bay]''US Navy''</ref> US Navy units stationed during the war at Kaneohe were: Patrol Wing 1, VP-14 with PBY, 318th Fighter Group, 73rd Fight group with [[Curtiss P-40 Warhawk variants|Curtiss P-40E Warhawk]]) and VP-137 with [[Lockheed Ventura|Lockheed Ventura PV-1]]). Kaneohe Field had an assembly and repair shop for aircraft. Naval Air Station Kaneohe was a training center for aviation, naval gunnery, turret operations, celestial navigation, sonar, and other naval operations till 1949. For baseball the base had the: Naval Air Station (NAS) Kaneohe Bay Klippers. Kaneohe Field is now part of [[Marine Corps Base Hawaii]] - [[Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay]]. In 1951, the Marine Corps took over Kaneohe Field, and the Navy moved land operations to NAS Barbers Point.<ref>[https://pacificwrecks.com/airfields/usa/kaneohe/index.html Kaneohe Bay]''pacificwrecks.com''</ref><ref>[https://ww2db.com/facility/Kaneohe_Naval_Air_Station Naval Air Station Kaneohe]''ww2db.com''</ref>
==Naval Air Station Honolulu== {{main|Naval Air Station Barbers Point}} [[File:HNL reef runway.jpg|thumb|The two 6,600-foot parallel runways built by Naval Air Station Honolulu in, now [[Honolulu International Airport]]. During World War II the Navy had [[seaplane]] ramps add, so seaplanes could be brought onto the airfield. To the left is part of the John Rodgers runway]] '''Naval Air Station Honolulu''' also called '''Honolulu Airfield''', was John Rodgers Field at Keehi Lagoon on the south shore of Oahu.<ref>[https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/Building_Bases/bases-22.html Pearl Harbor and the Outlying Islands]''US Navy''</ref> The Navy acquired the commercial airfield John Rodgers Airport, in February 1943. John Rodgers Airport opened in March 1927. Next to the John Rodgers runway, the Navy built a second runway and a seaplane base. The Seabee lengthened the John Rodgers, the two runways were 7,400 feet and 6,800-foot long. The Seabee built two new 6,600-foot parallel runways on fill, aviation-gasoline storage, control tower, barracks, depot, 10 plane nose hangar, and two seaplane ramps. The main Naval activity at the base was the [[Naval Air Transport Service]]. The US Navy [[WAVES]] were stationed at Naval Air Station Honolulu with their own quarters. Naval Air Station Honolulu support the largest seaplane, [[Martin JRM Mars]].<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20020124051154/http://www.vectorsite.net/avmars.html#m5 "The Martin Mariner, Mars, & Marlin Flying Boats."]}}''vectorsite.net''</ref> The US Navy used Martin JRM Mars for cargo from [[San Francisco Bay]] starting 23 January 1944.<ref>Associated Press, "Aerial Box Car Sent To Nimitz", ''The Spokesman- Review'', Spokane, Washington, Monday 24 January 1944, Volume 61, Number 255, page 1.</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Boyne |first=Walter J. |date=July 2007 |title=Beyond the Wild Blue (2nd edition): A History of the U.S. Air Force, 1947-2007 |publisher=St. Martin's' Press |page=465 |isbn=978-0-312-35811-2}}. </ref> The Martin JRM Mars service continued until 1956. In 1946 Airfield was returned to commercial use. The runways are now [[Honolulu International Airport]].<ref name="timeline">{{cite web |url=http://hawaii.gov/hawaiiaviation/publications/hnl-gateway-brochure/Airport-timeline-web.pdf |title=Honolulu International Airport...Celebrating 80 years |access-date=January 12, 2009 |year=2007 |work=Gateway to the Pacific: Honolulu International Airport 80th Anniversary |publisher=Hawaii Department of Transportation, Airports Division |quote=John Rodgers Airport was dedicated March 21, 1927. The field was named in honor of the late Commander John Rodgers, who had been Commanding Officer of the Naval Air Station at Pearl Harbor from 1923 and 1925... |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823092932/http://hawaii.gov/hawaiiaviation/publications/hnl-gateway-brochure/Airport-timeline-web.pdf |archive-date=August 23, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[https://aviation.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/US-Naval-Air-Station-Honolulu-8-1-1945.pdf Naval Air Station Honolulu Report 1945] ''US Navy''</ref>
==Pearl City Seaplane Base== {{further|Pan Am Clipper}} During the war, in 1942, the Navy took over most of the [[Pan American Airways]] terminal, the Pan American Clipper Hawaii Terminal, on the southern tip of the [[Pearl City, Hawaii|Pearl City Peninsula]] at {{coord|21.375375|-157.976901|display=inline}}. The Naval Air Transport Service operated out of the base, new '''Pearl City Seaplane Base'''. Once Naval Air Station Honolulu opened Naval Air Transport Service moved to Honolulu Seaplane base. Pan American Airways started using the Pearl City terminal in 1934, including the [[China Clipper]] and [[Honolulu Clipper]]. The terminal was returned to Pan American after the war, but with many land base runways built during the war, the terminal was closed in a few years.<ref>[https://aviation.hawaii.gov/pioneer-airlines/pan-american-airways/ Pan American Airways]''hawaii.gov''</ref>
==Aiea Naval Hospital== [[File:USMC-111031-M-1234A-001.jpg|thumb|right|Aiea Naval Hospital]] [[file:MoanaluaRidgeNavalHospital1944.jpg|thumb|Temporary World War II, 3,000 bed Moanalua Ridge Naval Hospital in 1944]] '''Aiea Naval Hospital''' construction started in July 1939. There was an expectation of war and the Navy wanted to be sure to care for the troops. The Aiea Naval Hospital was on 41 acres of land atop a steep hill north of Pearl Harbor. The Aiea Naval Hospital opened with 1,100-beds in early 1941. After the December 1941 attack, construction accelerated. After the attack, 960 patients were admitted and 452 died over the three hours after the attack. The Hospital Ship [[USS Solace (AH-5)|USS Solace]], not damaged in the attack took in 177 patients. Aiea Naval Hospital was the primary rear-area hospital for Navy and Marines. As the Pacific War grew, so did the hospital. In 1944 temporary wards with 5,000 beds was added by the US Navy's [[Seabee]]s, Naval Construction Battalion. Aiea Naval Hospital had patients from battles in Solomon, Gilbert, Marshall Islands, Saipan, Guam, and Mariana Islands. In 1944 the hospital received 41,872 patients, and 39,006 of these patients were transferred to the mainland or returned to active duty. The hospital's patients peaked in March 1945 with 5,676 patients after the battles of Okinawa and Iwo Jima. Hospital patients were entertained by 1940s celebrities like: Boston Red Sox [[Joe Cronin]], organist [[Gaylord Carter]], Nearby recreation center had: bowling alleys, tennis, and volleyball courts, and billiard tables for able patients.
The 25-acre site's '''Richardson Recreation Center''' was used by all troops. The Hospital patient's food gardens, cared for by patients, as part of rehabilitation. The staff had a baseball team the: Aiea Naval Hospital Hilltoppers, as the hospital was on volcanic ridge overlooking Pearl Harbor. The teams played in the Central Pacific Area (CPA) League. Next to the hospital was the Aiea Naval Barracks, with the Aiea Naval Barracks Maroons team. Aiea Naval Hospital closed in June 1949 and is now part of [[Camp H. M. Smith]]. The 1949 patients were moved to a joint Army and Navy medical center at [[Tripler Army Medical Center]].<ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/hi0680/|title=U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Receiving Barracks, Willamette Street at Spruance Street, Pearl City, Honolulu County, HI|website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}</ref> * On McGrew Point in Pearl Harbor at Aiea Heights was Naval Base Hospital No. 8, a temporary hospital to augment Pearl Harbor hospital facilities. The hospital was built with [[quonset hut]] and closed in 1945. Mobile Hospital No. 2 operated at McGrew Point before No. 8 from 1941 to 1943. Mobile Hospital No. 2 received 110 patients from the 1941 attack.<ref>[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/U.S._Navy_Medicine_Vol._64_No._5_November_1974_%28IA_NavyMedicine197411%29.pdf Naval Base Hospitals, page 5] ''US Navy''</ref> Naval Regional Medical Clinic (NRMC), Pearl Harbor was opened on March 8, 1974.<ref>[https://nhchawaii.tricare.mil/About-Us Naval Health Clinic Hawaii]''tricare.mil''</ref> *The Naval also built a temporary Naval hospital near the [[Tripler Army Medical Center]] called the Moanalua Ridge Naval Hospital, with 3,000 beds.<ref>[https://ww2db.com/image.php?image_id=14729 Moanalua Ridge Naval Hospital]''ww2db.com'', ''US Navy''</ref> [[File:1915_Naval_Hospital_Pearl_Harbor_on_Hospital_Point.jpg|thumb|right|The 1915 Naval Hospital Pearl Harbor on Hospital Point in 1940]]
===Hospital Point=== '''Naval Hospital Pearl Harbor''' at Hospital Point was the first naval hospital at Pearl Harbor opened in May 1915 with a 50-bed at {{coord|21.348|-157.967|display=inline}}. From 1892 to 1910 the [[USS Iroquois (1859)|USS Iroquois]] was used as the [[Marine Hospital Service]] [[Hospital ship|Hospital Ship]] for the base. In 1901 a dispensary building was built at the old Honolulu Naval Station. [[Presley Marion Rixey|Surgeon General Rixey]] put in a request for new Hospital in 1909, which lead to the construction of the 1915 hospital at Hospital Point. Starting in 1925 and completed in 1930 more wards and buildings were added to keep up with the growth of the base. On Ford Island a Naval Dispensary was built in 1940. With Aiea Naval Hospital completed the plan was to close the Hospital Point Hospital, but with World War II the need was great and the old Hospital continued operations, called Naval Hospital Navy No. 10, till the end of the war. Hospital Point is now a Naval House complex.<ref>[https://www.med.navy.mil/NMRTC-Pearl-Harbor-HI/ NMRTC Pearl Harbor HI]''US Navy''</ref>
==Navy Yard Pearl Harbor== [[File:Navy_Yard_Pearl_Harbor_1941_HI.jpg|thumb|right|Navy Yard Pearl Harbor in 1941, dry docks 1, 2, 3 and Hospital Point are on right side]] [[File:Pearl Harbor dry docks aerial July 1942.jpg|thumb|Pearl Harbor dry docks aerial July 1942, Right to left [[YFD-2]] (with [[USS Aylwin (DD-355)|''Alywin'']]), Dry Dock 3 (with [[USS Growler (SS-215)|Growler]] and [[USS Nautilus (SS-168)|Nautilus]]), Dry Dock 2 (with [[USS Litchfield (DD-336)|Litchfield]] and [[USS ARD-1|ARD-1]] and Dry Dock 1 (with [[USS West Virginia (BB-48)|''West Virginia'']])]] {{main|Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard}} [[Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard]] was built in 1908. The first [[drydock]] was completed in 1919.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tamug-ir.tdl.org/bitstream/handle/1969.3/29744/drydock_facilities_characteristics.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|title=Drydocking Facilities Characteristics}}</ref> Ship repairs start with the founding of the base in 1898. Three more drydocks were completed in 1941, 1942 and 1943. Dry Dock No. 4 built in 1943 was built at Hospital Point. To help with the World War II workload, the [[Auxiliary floating drydock]] [[YFD-2|USS YFD-2]] was added in October 1940 until 1947. The main shipyard was not attacked in 1941, only the ships at the yard were targeted. After the 1941 attack, only Dock No. 2 was working. YFD-2 and Dock No. 1 were repaired and used to repair the many ships damaged in the 1941 attack. The four drydocks and YFD-2 could not keep up with the demand of the war, a new Auxiliary floating drydock, [[USS ARD-1]] was stationed at the yard during the war able to repair destroy-size ships. [[Auxiliary floating drydock#Auxiliary Repair Docks (ARD)|USS ARD-8]] was stationed at Pearl Harbor and Midway. {{USS|Richland|YFD-64}} started work at Pearl Harbor and then was sent to [[Naval Base Eniwetok]], [[Naval Base Ulithi]] and then [[Leyte-Samar Naval Base]].<ref>Popular Science Feb 1937, page 43</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/Building_Bases/bases-9.html|title=HyperWar: Building the Navy's Bases in World War II [Chapter 9]|website=www.ibiblio.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=http://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/F/l/Floating_Dry_Docks.htm|encyclopedia=The Pacific War Online Encyclopedia |title=Floating Dry Docks}}</ref> At the end of the war the {{USS|Arco|ARD-29}} transferred from [[Naval Base Okinawa]] to Pearl Harbor in 1946.
After the war the shipyard was renamed, Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard. After Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor closed, submarine service was moved to Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/perl/learn/historyculture/civilian-casualties.htm|title=Civilian Casualties – Pearl Harbor National Memorial (U.S. National Park Service)|website=www.nps.gov}}</ref>[[Submarines in the United States Navy#Post–Cold War (1991–present)|US Nuclear Submarines]] are still supported at the [[shipyard]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.public.navy.mil/subfor/underseawarfaremagazine/Issues/PDF/USW_Fall_2013.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140123080139/http://www.public.navy.mil/subfor/underseawarfaremagazine/Issues/PDF/USW_Fall_2013.pdf|archive-date=January 23, 2014|title=U.S. Naval Shipyards: Keeping the Fleet at Sea}}</ref><ref name="Shipyard Highlights – Hawaii"/>
==Naval Air Station Kahului == [[File:NavalAirStationKahului1944.jpg|thumb|right|Naval Air Station Kahului in 1944, now [[Kahului Airport]], Maui]] '''Naval Air Station Kahului''' was a US Naval Air Station on the north shore of Maui, Hawaii. Naval Air Station Kahului was used for [[carrier aircraft]] aviation training. The airfield opened 15 March 1943, construction started 16 November 1942. The land had been leased from a sugar company, Hawaiian Commercial and Sugar Company. Five miles south of Naval Air Station Kahului was NAS Puunene, which was too small to keep up with the carrier aircraft demands of World War II. Holmes and Narver, Industrial and Architectural Engineers in Los Angeles won the contract to build the first part of the Air Station. Naval Air Station Kahului had two runways, 5,000 feet and 7,000 feet long. Navy Squadron VC-23 with [[Douglas SBD Dauntless]] scout bombers were the first unit based at Naval Air Station Kahului. Some troops trained at Naval Air Station Kahului joined Carrier Aircraft Service Units (CASUs). Carrier Air Service Unit 32 was the first unit at the base, on 1 September 1943. In April 1943 Seabee expanded the Air Station, 142nd Construction and 39th Construction worked on the base. On 11 February 1944 Construction Maintenance Unit 563 arrived to run the Air Station. The airfield was support by a small Naval Base at [[Kahului, Hawaii|Kahului Harbor]]. Naval Air Station Kahului was deactivated in December 1947. The Navy turned the airfield over to civil aviation, Hawaii Aeronautics Commission and the base became the [[Kahului Airport]]. Commercial airline operations started in June 1952.<ref>{{citation |url= http://hawaii.gov/ogg/airport-information/airport-history |title= Kahului Airport Information: Airport History |work= hawaii.gov/ogg |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160514211816/http://hawaii.gov/ogg/airport-information/airport-history |archive-date= 2016-05-14 |url-status= live}}</ref><ref>[https://ww2db.com/facility/Kahului_Naval_Air_Station Naval Air Station Kahului]''2db.com''</ref>
==Naval Air Station Puunene== [[File:Naval_Air_Station_Puunene_1948.jpg|thumb|right|Naval Air Station Puunene in 1948]] '''Naval Air Station Puunene''' started as a civil airport at [[Puʻunene, Hawaii|Puʻunene]] in 1939, the Navy took over the airport on December 7, 1941, after the attack. At the time the construction work at the airport was about 90 percent completed at {{Coord|20.817|-156.46|region:US-HI_type:airport|display=inline|name=Naval Air Station Puunene}}. The 2,202 acres airfield had two 4,500-foot runway. The Naval Air Station Puunene facilities were expanded to support the carrier plane training base. The southwest runway was extended to 6,000 feet. The northwest–southeast runway was extended s7,000 feet. The base was renamed '''Naval Air Station Maui''' in 1942. US Navy [[Carrier Aircraft Service Units|CASU 4]] and [[VF-72]] were the first to operate out of the NAS Maui. Naval Air Station Puunene also used the Maalaea Outlying Landing Field for training and [[Kahoʻolawe Island]] for a bombing range.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_HI_Maui.htm#puunene|title=Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Hawaii, Maui island|website=[[Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields]]}}</ref> Later part of the carrier plane training base moved to the newer Naval Air Station Kahului five miles away, in 1943, as NAS Puunene could not keep up with the war demand for carrier aircraft aviation training. [[Interisland Airlines]] was operated out of the base with limited civil air travel. Naval Air Station Puunene became a commercial airport on October 1, 1946. The Navy ended ownership in December 1948, the base-airport facilities was larger than needed for a civil airport and some of the surplus land and surplus buildings were sold. The 515.639 acres base was now in the ownership of the Territory of Hawaii, the Army, the Navy and the Hawaiian Commercial and Hawaiian Sugar Company. [[Hawaiian Airlines]] (now American) was the only operator out of the airport. All airport operations moved to Kahului Airport (former Naval Air Station Kahului) and Puunene Airport on June 24, 1952. The title of [[Maui airport]] also moved from Puunene Airport to Kahului Airport. Puunene Airport closed on December 31, 1955. Puunene Airport was used for [[drag racing]] in 1956. Starting in September 1958 the Puunene Airport land was sold off, with the profits going to improve the Kahului Airport. One runways is still used by the Maui Raceway Park. Nearby on the former base are the Maui Go Karters Association, Signature Maui Event Rentals, Maui Motocross Track and the Army National Guard Armory off the Maui Veterans Hwy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aviation.hawaii.gov/airfields-airports/maui/maui-airport-puunene/|title=Maui Airport (Puunene)|website=aviation.hawaii.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aviation.hawaii.gov/airfields-airports/maui/governors-executive-orders-maui-airport/|title=Governor's Executive Orders Maui Airport|website=aviation.hawaii.gov}}</ref><ref>[https://aviation.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/NAS-30-Puunene.pdf Naval Air Station Puunene, ''aviation.hawaii.gov'']</ref>
==Carrier Aircraft Service Units== [[file:Aviation machinists mates at Navy Pier, Chicago, Illinois. Students working on a complex aircraft engine. - NARA - 520923.jpg|thumb|150px|Aviation machinists working on an aircraft engine]] {{main|Carrier Aircraft Service Units}} In 1942, [[Marine Corps Air Station Ewa|Ewa Field]], Naval Air Station Kahulu and NAS Puunene became a major [[United States Marine Corps]] and US Navy aviation training facilities for [[Carrier Aircraft Service Units|Carrier Aircraft Service Unit]] (CASU). Flight crews and air mechanics trained at Ewa Field for the upcoming Pacific War, including Battles at [[Battle of Wake Island|Wake Island]], [[Guadalcanal campaign|Guadalcanal]], and [[Battle of Midway|Midway]]. Also at Ewa Field the Navy had a lighter-than-air base for [[blimp]]s and [[WAVES]] base. Ewa airfield had four runways from 2,900 feet to 5,000 feet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nasflmuseum.com/ivins.html|title=Charles Ivins|first=Allan|last=McElhiney|website=Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale Museum}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/insignia-carrier-aircraft-service-unit-casu-21-united-states-navy/nasm_A20090186000|title=Insignia, Carrier Aircraft Service Unit CASU-21, United States Navy | National Air and Space Museum|website=airandspace.si.edu}}</ref> *[[Carrier aircraft used during World War II]] by US Navy: (years used) (number built) *[[Douglas TBD Devastator]] - [[torpedo bomber]] (1937-1944) (130) *[[Grumman F4F Wildcat]] - torpedo bomber (1941-1945) (7,885) *[[Grumman TBF Avenger]] - torpedo bomber (1941-1948) (9,839) *[[Grumman F6F Hellcat]] - [[fighter-bomber]] (1942-1947) (12,275) *[[Curtiss SB2C Helldiver]] - [[dive bomber]] (1943-1953) (7,140) *[[Vought F4U Corsair]] - fighter-bomber (1943-1953) (12,571) *A few [[North American T-6 Texan]] - Land [[Trainer aircraft]] were stationed in Hawaii (1935-1958) (15,495) [[List of aircraft carriers of World War II|Aircraft carriers of World War II]] would have 70 to 100 planes on board. [[Escort carrier]]s would carry 20 to 30 planes. US Navy and US Marines also operate the planes from land bases.
==Tenders== During World War II the demand for servicing ships and submarines was so great that the land base operations could not supply all the needs. As in many of the [[US Naval Advance Bases]] across the Pacific War, tender ships were used to support Navy vessels. Tenders provided: food, water, fuel, ammo, repairs, and for submarines and seaplanes crew living quarter.
The [[submarine tender]]s: {{USS|Argonne|AS-10}}, {{USS|Widgeon|ASR-1}} and [[USS Pelias]] were at Pearl Harbor during the Japanese attack. The [[USS Fulton (AS-11)]], a submarine tender was used to support submarines at Pearl Harbor from 15 March 1942 to 8 July 1942.<ref>Ford, Roger (2001) ''The Encyclopedia of Ships'', pg. 377. Amber Books, London. ISBN 9781905704439</ref> [[Type B ship|YR-20]], was submarine barge used as a submarine and PT Boat tender. {{USS|Orion|AS-18}} was station from November 1943 to 10 December 1943, the [[USS Gar (SS-206)]] is one of the Submarines she repaired at Pearl Harbor.<ref>[https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/o/orion-ii.html USS Orion (AS-18)]''US Navy''</ref> {{USS|Sperry|AS-12}} worked at Pearl Harbor in 1942.<ref>[http://tendertale.com/tenders/112/112.html USS ''Sperry''] ''tendertale.com''</ref> USS Bushnell (AS-15) and {{USS|Griffin|AS-13}} worked at Pearl Harbor in 1943 and 1944.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20040308155151/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/g8/griffin.htm USS Griffin]''US Navy''</ref>
The [[destroyer tender]] {{USS|Whitney|AD-4}} and {{USS|Dobbin|AD-3}} were at Pearl Harbor during the Japanese attack.<ref name="msnbc">{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/16096411|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111013417/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/16096411/|archive-date=November 11, 2013|title=Pearl Harbor survivor witnesses history — twice|date=December 7, 2006|first=Tom|last=Brokaw|work=NBC News|author-link=Tom Brokaw}}</ref> {{USS|Dixie|AD-14}} worked at Pearl Harbor in 1942.<ref>[http://www.navsource.net/archives/09/03/0314.htm USS ''Dixie'' (AD-14)] ''NavSource''</ref> {{USS|Piedmont|AD-17}} worked at Pearl Harbor 1944.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20040314013859/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/p6/piedmont.htm Naval Historical Center – DANFS entry for ''Piedmont'']''US Navy''</ref>
The [[seaplane tender]]s, {{USS|Avocet|AVP-4}}, {{USS|Swan|AVP-7}}, {{USS|Hulbert|AVD-6}}, {{USS|Thornton|AVD-11}} {{USS|Curtiss|AV-4}}, and {{USS|Tangier|AV-8}} were at Pearl Harbor during the Japanese attack.<ref name="NHC">{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/a/avocet-i.html|title=Avocet I (Minesweeper No. 19)|website=NHHC}}</ref>
[[File:Waipio_Peninsula_Amphibious_Base.png|thumb|right|Waipio Peninsula Amphibious Base near Pearl Harbor]] US Navy [[repair ship]]s would come alongside a vessel, like a tender, to provide repair (or salvage) operations. The repair ship had machine shops, parts depot, the tools and crews to get ships repaired or able to get to drydocks. The [[USS Vestal]] was next to the USS Arizona during the attack.<ref>[https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/v/vestal.html USS Vestal] ''US Navy''</ref><ref>[http://www.hazegray.org/danfs/auxil/ar4.txt USS Vestal ]''hazegray.org''</ref> Other repair ships during the attack: [[USS Medusa (AR-1)]] and [[USS Rigel (AD-13)|USS Rigel (AR-11)]]
==Waipio Peninsula Amphibious Base== On the [[Waipahu, Hawaii|Waipio Peninsula]] the Navy operated a [[US Amphibious Training Base]], '''Waipio Peninsula Amphibious Base'''. The base was at {{Coord|21.361|-157.987|region:US-HI_type:airport|display=inline|name=Waipio Peninsula Naval Reservation Airfield}} and trained troops for the Pacific island-hopping campaigns.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/hhh.hi0639.photos/?sp=9|title=Photocopy, U.S. Navy photograph, 1945. (BMA - CP 116,995) Aerial oblique of Waipio Peninsula Amphibious Base - U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Waipio Peninsula, Waipo Peninsula, Pearl City, Honolulu County, HI|website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}</ref> '''Waipio Peninsula Naval Reservation Airfield''' was built at the base after the war, with a single northeast–southwest runway along the eastern shore of the Walker Bay of the base. The airfield and run runway were abandoned, little remain of the base, as it is now overgrown with vegetation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/hi0639/|title=U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Waipio Peninsula, Waipo Peninsula, Pearl City, Honolulu County, HI|website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_HI_Oahu_S.htm#waipio|title=Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Hawaii: Southern Oahu Island|website=[[Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/resource/hhh.hi0639.photos/?sp=8|title=Photocopy, U.S. Navy photograph, 1944. (BMA - CP 121,957) Aerial view of Waipio Peninsula Amphibious Base - U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Waipio Peninsula, Waipo Peninsula, Pearl City, Honolulu County, HI|website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}</ref>
==Underwater Demolition Teams== [[File:Seabee Demolition UDT 3.jpg|thumb|Seabees in both UDT 3 and UDT 4 made welcome signs for the US Marine Corps on Guam.]] {{main|Underwater Demolition Team|US Amphibious Training Base}} The US Navy's [[Underwater Demolition Team]]s are the forerunner to today's [[United States Navy SEALs]], they were founded in December 1943 in Hawaii. The first of 30 WW2 teams, was Underwater Demolition Team One, ''UDT-1'' established with UDT-2 in December 1943. The Underwater Demolition Team trained at '''Amphibious Training Base Kamaole''' an ([[US Amphibious Training Base|ATB]]) on Maui and '''Amphibious Training Base Waimanalo''' (ATB) at Waimanalo on Oahu near current [[Bellows Air Force Station]]. The Amphibious Training Base Kamaole used the 8 miles of beach from [[Māʻalaea Bay]] to Makena Landing at {{coord|20.720466|156.449091|title=inline}} from 1943 to 1944. Amphibious Training Base Waimanalo at Waimanalo Beach, {{coord|21.36805|-157.7091|title=inline}}, was used from 1943 to 1944. At Bellows Air Force Station is memorial to the men of the Underwater Demolition Team, that reads: ''This WWII combat swimmer commemorates the birthplace of the U.S. Navy SEAL Teams. Commissioned here in December 1943, UDT-1 and UDT-2 paved the way for 28 more Maui-based UDTs, which played a major role in the island battles of the Pacific between 1944 and 1945. These "Naked Warriors" swam unarmed onto heavily-defended enemy beaches with explosives to clear the way for amphibious landings. The concrete "scully" on which this swimmer stands is typical of the underwater obstacles they risked their lives to destroy. ''<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.navysealmuseum.org/nakedwarrior/hawaii|title=Hawaii|website=National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum}}</ref>[[File:Rochefort WWII naval intel.jpg|thumb|200px|LCDR [[Joseph J. Rochefort]] head of codebreakers at Station HYPO, Pearl Harbor]]
==Station HYPO== {{main|Station HYPO}} Fleet Radio Unit Pacific, also called Station HYPO, was the US Navy's [[codebreaking]] unit in Hawaii. The Navy unit was used in breaking [[Japanese naval codes]].<ref>[http://vc.airvectors.net/ttcode_06.html "US Codebreakers In The Shadow Of War"]''airvectors.net''</ref> The US Navy's [[Station CAST]] and [[Fleet Radio Unit]] at [[Naval Base Melbourne]] was the other unit working on codebreaking. The unit at [[Naval Base Cavite]] and [[Naval Base Manila]]'s [[Corregidor]] Island was lost with the fall of the [[Philippines]] in 1942. Station HYPO was key in finding the planned attack on [[Midway Atoll|Midway]] in 1942.<ref>[https://stationhypo.com/2019/11/01/naval-supplementary-radio-station-melbourne-australia-closed-november-1-1945/ Naval Supplementary Radio Station Melbourne Australia ]''stationhypo.com''</ref><ref>[https://www.navycthistory.com/FRUMEL_intro.html Fleet Radio Unit, Melbourne]''navycthistory.com''</ref>
==Supply depots== [[File:Kuahua_Peninsula_Naval_Depot_-_Naval_Submarine_Base_Pearl_Harbor.jpg|thumb|right|Kuahua Peninsula Naval Depot, also called Supply Base Magazine Island and Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor (right side) on August 22, 1941]] [[File:Fuel depot at Merry Point and tank farm at Navy Yard Pearl.jpg|thumb|Supply and Fuel depot at Merry Point Landing]] [[file:Pearl Harbor coaling station in 1919.jpg|thumb|Pearl Harbor coaling station in 1919]] {{main|Seabees in World War II}} *On Kuahua Island, now Kuahua peninsula, due to land fill, the Navy built a large supply depot on 47-acres at {{coord|21.357|-157.946|display=inline}} called '''Supply Base Magazine Island'''. Fill material was used to extend the island to 116 acres and turn the island into a peninsula (current site of NAVSUP Fleet Logistics Center Pearl Harbor). Piers and railway tracks were built to move the vast amount of supplies needed to support the Troops in the Pacific war. Still a depot for the base, [[Naval Supply Systems Command|NAVSUP]] Fleet Logistics Center Pearl Harbor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.navsup.navy.mil/public/navsup/flcph/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216230228/https://www.navsup.navy.mil/public/navsup/flcph/|archive-date=February 16, 2017|title=NAVSUP Fleet Logistics Center Pearl Harbor|publisher=Naval Supply Systems Command|access-date=4 November 2020}}</ref> *A second supply depot was built at '''Merry Point Landing''' on Quarry Loch, at {{coord|21.352|-157.943|display=inline}} just south of the Sub Base. Merry Point depot was built by the 64th and the 90th Seabees. Also at Merry Point was the fuel depot ship landing for [[fleet oil tanker]]s. Still a depot for the base. *A third depot was built at [[Pearl City, Hawaii|Pearl City]] (Pearl City peninsula) called the '''Manana Supply Center''' at {{coord| 21.37|-157.96|display=inline}}. Pearl City was the site for Naval Base Hawaii part distribution and the Naval Air Transport station. Depot closed after war. *At [[Salt Lake, Hawaii|Salt Lake]], a neighborhood of Honolulu, was a storage area and the [[Seabees in World War II|Seabee]]s '''Advance Base Construction Depot''' (ABCD), stored supplies used to build new [[US Naval Advance Bases|advance bases]] across the Pacific. Advance Base Construction Depot was built by the 117th Battalion Seabees, with 26,000 square feet of covered storage. The Advance Base Construction Depot camp also had a Seabee heavy equipment overhaul depot. Still a depot for the base.<ref>[https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/Building_Bases/bases-5.html Procurement and Logistics for Advance Bases]''US Navy''</ref> *Seabees 98th Battalion built the Iroquois Supply Annex at [[Iroquois Point, Hawaii|Iroquois Point]]. Depot closed after war. *The Navy handled aviation supplies, at [[Waianae, Hawaii|Waiawa Gulch]] by the Waiawa river. The Navy built the '''Waianae Aviation Depot'''. Depot closed after war. *The Navy rented storage space in Honolulu in 30 buildings during the war. *Ship taken out of service due to damage of age were salvage for part at [[Waipio Valley|Waipio Point]] depot. Parts of '''Waipio Depot''' were operated by the WAVES. Depot closed after war. *Tank farms. Both above and underground tank farm were built for: [[fuel oil]], [[gasoline]] and [[Diesel fuel|diesel]]. Oil storage tanks were not hit in the 1941 attack. [[Red Hill Underground Fuel Storage Facility]] was built in 1940 as storage would be safe from an enemy aerial attack. During the war there were two large Pearl Harbor tank farms, upper and lower. Only a few tanks near the former Submarine Base remain.<ref name=Woodbury>{{cite book|last=Woodbury|first=David O.|title=Builders for Battle|year=1946|publisher=E. P. Dutton and Company, Inc.|location=New York}}</ref>{{rp|178–179}} *The '''Coal Dock, Pearl Harbor''' was built is 1915, was located just south of Hospital Point next to Dry [[Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard#Dry Docks|Dock No. 4]], at {{coord|21.344|-157.965|display=inline}}. Coal Dock, Pearl Harbor was the first official Naval installation in Hawaii for US Navy [[coal]] fired ships. The Coal Dock was used during World War II, as older World War I ships were removed from the reserve fleet and put into active duty, due to the great demand for ships. Today the Coal Dock site is a base parking lot. *'''West Loch Ammunition Depot''' at [[West Loch Estate, Hawaii|West Loch]]. Also staging area for transport, [[Landing Ship, Tank|LST]]s and cargo ships. By 1944 depot and dock were built. Site of [[West Loch disaster|West Loch Disaster]], kept secret until 1960. Still in use.<ref>[https://www.navytimes.com/news/your-navy/2020/09/16/pearl-harbor-munitions-depot-expansion-concerns-residents/ West Loch Ammunition Depot]''navytimes.com''</ref> *'''Lualualei Ammunition Depot''' at [[Lualualei, Hawaii|Lualualei]], also called '''Naval Ammunition Depot Oʻahu''' and now '''Naval Magazine Pearl Harbor'''. Still in use, Navy would like to move to West Loch.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://retireenews.org/2020/08/28/lualualei-naval-magazine-pearl-harbor/|title=Lualualei / Naval Magazine Pearl Harbor|date=August 28, 2020}}</ref> *Each base in Hawaii had its own local depot for its own needs and was resupplied from the large depots.
==Hawaii Naval Bases== *[[Naval Station Pearl Harbor]], [[Oahu]] FPO# 128 **Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor (1918–)<ref name="auto2"/> *[[Naval Air Station Barbers Point]], Oahu, FPO# 14 *NAS Kahului, carrier-group operations and training *Aiea Naval Hospital, opened in July 1939, closed 1, 1949, now [[Camp H. M. Smith]] *[[Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard]] *Navy Receiving Barracks, [[Aiea, Hawaii|Aiea]], Oahu FPO# 10<ref name="auto3"/> *Naval Section Base Bishop's Point, Oahu FPO# 15, [[blimp]] base and supply depot at {{coord|21.3314|-157.9685|display=inline}}, now a park <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/hi0672/|title=U.S. Naval Base, Pearl Harbor, Naval Net Depot Storehouse & Shop, Bishop Point, Pearl City, Honolulu County, HI|website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}</ref> *Naval Section Base [[Pearl City, Hawaii|Pearl City]] *[[Naval Auxiliary Landing Field Ford Island]], Oahu *Naval Section Base Hilo, [[Hilo, Hawaii]] FPO#24 *Naval Section Base Kahului, [[Kahului, Hawaii|Kahului]], [[Maui]] FPO# 27, support carrier-group operations and training . *Naval Air Station Kaneohe, [[Kaneohe, Hawaii|Kaneohe]], Oahu FPO# 28, now [[Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay]] *Naval Air Station Keehi Lagoon, Keehi Lagoon, [[Honolulu]] FPO# 29 *[[Naval Air Station Puʻunene]], Maui FPO# 30, NAS Puunene *NAS Maui was [[Kahului Airport]] and Maui Airport, five miles south of Kahului. *Naval Air Field Molokai, [[Molokai]], Maui FPO# 31, now [[Molokai Airport]] *Naval Section Base Nawiliwili, [[Nawiliwili Beach Park|Nawiliwili]], [[Kauai]] FPO# 33 *Amphibious Air Traffic Control Waianae, [[Waianae, Hawaii|Waianae]] Oahu (AATC) FPO# 36 **Waianae Naval Anti-Aircraft Training Center was on 42 acres at Waianae *Amphibious Air Traffic Control Honolulu, Oahu FPO# 59 (AATG) *Master-at-arms Ewa, [[Ewa, Oahu|Ewa Oahu]] (MAS) FPO# 61<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/resurrection-of-a-lost-battlefield-ewa-plain.htm|title=Resurrection of a Lost Battlefield: Ewa Plain (U.S. National Park Service)|website=www.nps.gov}}</ref> *Camp Andrews, Oahu, FOP# 77, Recreation center for [[R&R (military)|R&R]] on west of Pearl Harbor near [[Nānākuli, Hawaii|City of Nanakuli]] *Camp Catlin, Oahu FPO# 91, Housing Camp east of Honolulu, shared with 5,000 Marines, and Naval Post Office.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/npswapa/extcontent/usmc/pcn-190-003115-00/sec3a.htm|title=Opening Moves: Marines Gear Up For War (Pacific Theater)|website=www.nps.gov}}</ref> *[[Kewalo Basin]], Oahu FPO# 78, small port *[[Port Allen, Hawaii|Port Alen]], Kauai FPO# 821, small harbor on Kauai's southern coast in [[Hanapepe, Hawaii|Hanapepe Bay]], also small Burns Field with two runways.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_HI_Kauai.htm#portallen|title=Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Hawaii, Kauai island|website=[[Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields]]}}</ref> *Amphibious Training Base, [[Kamaole]], Maui FPO# 900, *Amphibious Training Base Waimanalo (ATB), [[Waimanalo Beach, Hawaii|Waimanalo]], Oahu FPO# 905, Start of US Navy SEAL Teams<ref name="auto"/> *Manana Naval Barracks, [[Mānana]], Oahu, FPO# 919<ref>[https://www.history.navy.mil/our-collections/photography/numerical-list-of-images/nhhc-series/nh-series/80-G-303000/80-G-303489.html Manana Naval Barracks]''us naVY''</ref> *[[Hickam Field]], US Navy used part of base *[[West Loch Estate, Hawaii|West Loch]] ammunition depot. *[[Sand Island (Hawaii)|Sand Island]] internment camp and Japanese Prisoners Of War *Puuloa Rifle Range at [[Puuloa, Hawaii|Puuloa]], Iroquois Point *Aiea Naval Fire Fighting School at Aiea Bay *Naval Base Tern Island on [[Tern Island (Hawaii)|Tern Island]], [[French Frigate Shoals]] in *[[Lualualei, Hawaii|Lualualei]] ammunition depot. *[[French Frigate Shoals]] FPO# 80, now [[French Frigate Shoals Airport]], Naval Auxiliary Air Facility French Frigate Shoals opened 15 March 1943.<ref name="auto1">[https://pacificwrecks.com/airfields/usa/tern/index.html Naval Auxiliary Air Facility French Frigate Shoals]''pacificwrecks.com''</ref> *[[Northwestern Hawaiian Islands]], Small US Navy base built in early 1943, after Japan anchorage off one of the islands in March 1942 as part of [[Operation K]].<ref>[https://pacificwrecks.com/provinces/hawaii_french_frigate_shoals.html French Frigate Shoals]''pacificwrecks.com''</ref> *Naval Base Hawaii supported the [[Sand Island seaplane base]] on [[Johnston Atoll]] 1,514 km (940 miles) from Hawaii. *Naval Base Hawaii supported the [[kingman reef|Kingman Reef Naval Defensive Sea Area]] 1,480 km (920 miles) from Hawaii. *Naval Base Hawaii supported the base on [[Wake Island]] but it surrender to Japan in the [[Battle of Wake Island]] on December 23, 1941. Wake Island is 3,955 km (2457 miles) from Hawaii. *Naval Base Hawaii supported the base on [[Palmyra Island Naval Air Station]] 1,704 km (1,059 miles) from Hawaii.
'''Naval Radio Stations''' *[[Wahiawa, Hawaii|Wahiawa]], Oahu, FPO# 41 *[[Lualualei, Hawaii|Lualualei]], Oahu FPO# 66
'''United States Coast Guard''' *The [[United States Coast Guard]] was supported by the US Navy, United States Coast Guard had bases at the US Navy bases: *Port Allen, Kauai, FPO# 43 *Hilo, Hawaii, FPO# 47 Captain of the Port Offices *Nawiliwili, Kauai, FPO# 45 *Kahului, Maui, FPO# 46 *Honolulu, Oahu, FPO# 48 Post Office-Pier II *Ahukini, Kauai, FPO# 44, Ahukini Landing and Ahukini Breakwater Lighthouse
'''Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility''' [[Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility]] at Pearl Harbor is holding base for [[Ship commissioning#Ship decommissioning|decommissioned]] naval ships, waiting final fate of the ship. The ships are inactive, some are still on the [[Naval Vessel Register]] (NVR) and others have struck from the Naval Register.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Home/Shipyards/PHNS-IMF/|title=PHNSY & IMF|website=www.navsea.navy.mil}}</ref>
'''Current Coast Guard base''' *Coast Guard Station Honolulu <ref name=Honolulu>{{cite web|title=USCG Station Honolulu|url=http://wikimapia.org/1805282/USCG-Station-Honolulu|publisher=[[Wikimapia]]|access-date=25 November 2011|year=2012}}</ref> *Coast Guard Station Maui <ref name=Maui>{{cite web|title=US Coast Guard Station Maui|url=http://www.uscg.mil/d14/staMaui/|publisher=[[United States Coast Guard]]|access-date=25 November 2011|date=27 June 2012}}</ref> *Coast Guard Station Kauai<ref name=Kauai>{{cite web|title=United States Coast Guard District 14|url= http://www.uscg.mil/d14/units.asp|publisher=[[United States Coast Guard]]|access-date=15 November 2012|date=20 August 2011}}</ref>
==Naval Station Pearl Harbor== {{main|Naval Station Pearl Harbor}} Naval Station Pearl Harbor was made up of a number of bases, docks, berths, and depots at Pearl Harbor:<ref>{{Cite book | last = Thrum | first = Thos. G | author-link = Thrum's Hawaiian Annual | title = All about Hawaii. The recognized book of authentic information on Hawaii, combined with Thrum's Hawaiian annual and standard guide. Honolulu | publisher = Honolulu Star-Bulletin | year = 1910 | location = Honolulu | pages = 163–164 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=R-sKAAAAIAAJ&q=amaranth+barkentine&pg=RA1-PA163 | oclc = 1663720 }} </ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://history1900s.about.com/od/Pearl-Harbor/a/Pearl-Harbor-Facts.htm |title=Pearl Harbor Facts |access-date=2023-01-01 |archive-date=2011-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110307033225/http://history1900s.about.com/od/Pearl-Harbor/a/Pearl-Harbor-Facts.htm }}</ref> * Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor with berths S-1 to S-21 **Pearl Harbor PT Boat Base at berth S-13 * [[Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard|Navy Yard Pearl Harbor]] with berths B-1 to B-26 **Dry dock No. 1, 2 & 3 with berths DG-1 to DG-4 **Dry dock [[YFD-2]], next to Drydock 3 (1940-1947) **1010 dock, a 1,010 foot wharf at the Navy Yard berth B-1, B-2 and B-3 **Bravo Docks, a 2,900 foot wharf at the Navy Yard berth B-22 to B-26 **Dry dock No. 4 at Hospital Point *Merry Point Landing with berths M-1 to M-4 *Kuahua Depot with berths K-1 to K-11 *[[United States Indo-Pacific Command|CINCPAC]] and CINCPAC Landing with berths H-1 to H-6 * CINCPAC small boat landing *Richardson Recreation Center and boat landing *Fire Fighting School and boat landing *Aiea Boat Mooring and landing, Aiea with berths C-3 to C-6 and D-24 *East Lock and McGrew Point (Naval Base Hospital No. 8) with berths X-6 to X-15 *Pearl City Peninsula East Loch with berths X-16 to X18 *Pearl City Peninsula Middle Loch with berths X-21 to X23 and D-14 to D-21 *Bluff Point, Waipio with berths D-1 to D-13 (and Waipio Depot) *Magnetic Proving Ground, [[Degaussing|Degaussing range]] on Beckoning Point Waipio Peninsula at {{Coord|21.3645|-157.9753|display=inline}}.<ref>[http://lcweb2.loc.gov/master/pnp/habshaer/hi/hi0600/hi0669/data/hi0669data.pdf Degaussing range] on Beckoning Point Waipio Peninsula ''LOC.gov''</ref> *Minesweeper range Waipio Peninsula *West Loch Ammo Depot and wharf at Powder Point *Pearl Harbor Naval Hospital at Hospital Point *Coal Dock south of Hospital Point with berths DE-1 to DE-6 *[[NAS Ford Island]], Seaplane base on South Shore **Ford Island East shore with berths F-1 to F-8, called Battleship Row and AM-2 to AM-8 **Ford Island West shore with berths F-9 to F-13 and AM-9 to AM-13 **Ford Island North shore with berths X-2 to X-6 *Advance Base Construction Depot (ABCD), next to the shipyard *Naval Section Base Bishop's Point *Aiea Naval Hospital *Moanalua Ridge Naval Hospital *Naval Headquarters *Naval Air Station Honolulu *Barracks and [[mess hall]] *[[Motorpool]] *Upper and lower tank farm, [[Red Hill Underground Fuel Storage Facility]]
==Airfields== [[File:Wheeler Field (7 Dec. 41).jpg|thumb|[[Curtiss P-40]]s burning at [[Wheeler Field]] on 7 December 1941]] Wheeler Army Airfield was a primary target and site of the first attack on 7 December 1941, leading up to the [[attack on Pearl Harbor]] The US Navy supported the Airfields with [[aviation gas]], spare parts and shipped in planes. The Navy played baseball against the 7th Army Air Force ([[Seventh Air Force|7th AAF]]) Fliers. *Lyman Field now [[Hilo Airport]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pacificwrecks.com/airfields/usa/upolu/index.html/|title=Pacific Wrecks - Hilo, Hawaii, United States|website=pacificwrecks.com}}</ref> *Upolu Airfield (Suiter Field), now [[ʻUpolu Airport]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pacificwrecks.com/|title=Pacific Wrecks - Hawaii (Hawaiʻi) Hawaiian Islands, United States|website=pacificwrecks.com}}</ref> *[[Morse Field (Hawaii)|Morse Field]], abandoned in 1983. *Kalaupapa Airfield, emergency war airfield, now [[Kalaupapa Airport]] *Homestead Airfield (Molokai Airfield) now [[Molokai Airport]] **Oahu Airfields: *Honolulu Airfield (John Rodgers Field) now [[Honolulu International Airport]] *Hickam Field now [[Joint Base Pearl Harbor Hickam]] (JBPHH). *Luke Field (Ford Island Airfield) located on [[Ford Island]] in Pearl Harbor. *Barber's Point Field, now [[Kalaeloa Airport]]) southern coast of Oahu. *[[Ewa Field]] now [[Marine Corps Air Station Ewa]]. *[[Bellows Field]] now [[Bellows Air Force Station]] MCTAB. *[[Wheeler Field]] near Wahiawa across from Schofield Barracks. (Baseball: Wheeler Field Wingmen) *Waiele Field (Waiele Gulch Army Airfield) located next to Wheeler Field<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_HI_Oahu_N.htm#waiele|title=Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Hawaiii: Northern Oahu Island|website=[[Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields]]}}</ref> *[[Kaneohe Field]] (NAS Kaneohe) now Marine Corps Base Hawaii (MCBH). *[[Kahuku Airfield]] now Kuilima Air Park <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_HI_Oahu_N.htm#kahuku|title=Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Hawaiii: Northern Oahu Island|website=[[Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields]]}}</ref> *[[Haleiwa Fighter Strip]], auxiliary field to Wheeler Field, civilian airport, now abandoned *[[Dillingham Airfield]] Honolulu, general aviation airfield starting 1962 *[[Kipapa Airfield]], closed in 1947, now gone. *[[Stanley Field]], closed not trace. *[[Kualoa Field]] (Kualoa Point) built in 1942, now part of [[Kualoa Regional Park]] and [[Kualoa Ranch]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_HI_Oahu_N.htm#kualoa|title=Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Hawaiii: Northern Oahu Island|website=[[Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields]]}}</ref> **[[French Frigate Shoals Airport|Naval Auxiliary Air Facility French Frigate Shoals]] opened 15 March 1943. Now a private use airport, [[French Frigate Shoals Airport]].<ref name="auto1"/> *Haleiwa Fighter Strip US Army<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_HI_Oahu_N.htm#haleiwa|title=Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Hawaiii: Northern Oahu Island|website=[[Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields]]}}</ref> *Mokuleia Army Airfield, then [[Dillingham Air Force Base]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_HI_Oahu_N.htm#dillingham|title=Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Hawaiii: Northern Oahu Island|website=[[Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields]]}}</ref> *Kure Atoll Airfield was built by the Navy on the small [[Kure Atoll]] west of Hawaii.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_W_Pacific.htm#kure | title=Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Western Pacific Islands }}</ref> *Baker Field, the Navy built a runway on the small Outlying Island [[Baker Island|Baker]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pacificwrecks.com/airfields/usa/baker/index.html|title=Pacific Wrecks - Baker Island Airfield (Baker Airfield) Minor Outlying Islands, United States|website=pacificwrecks.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airfieldsfreeman.com/HI/Airfields_W_Pacific.htm#baker|title=Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Western Pacific Islands|website=[[Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields]]}}</ref>
==Marine Corps Base Hawaii== The US Navy supports the current [[Marine Corps Base Hawaii]] and [[Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay]]. During the war Marine barracks were on 55 acres next to the navy yard with 29 buildings. The Marine Corps baseball team was the Camp Catlin Gators. On Moanalua Ridge the Marines had a large staging base, built by the Seabees, able to house up to 20,000 troops in 3 camps, for troops departing. Marine base depot was on 73-acre next to the Seabee Camp depot. Camp Maui was a large staging camp.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.airnav.com/airport/PHNG|title=PHNG Kaneohe Bay Marine Corps Air Station (Marion E Carl Field)|date=21 May 2020|website=Airnav.com|access-date=12 June 2020}}</ref><ref>[http://www.mcbhawaii.marines.mil Marine Corps Base Hawaii]''marines.mil ''</ref> [[Camp Tarawa]] was a training camp built on the island of [[Hawaii (island)|Hawaiʻi]] for the [[2nd Marine Division (United States)|2nd Marine Division]] during World War II.<ref name=Johnston_p166>{{cite book | last = Johnston | first = Richard | year = 1948 | title = Follow Me: The Story of the Second Marine Division in World War II | publisher = Random House | location = New York | asin= B000WLAD86 |page=166 }}</ref>
==USO Hawaii== [[File:Bob-Hope_Pearl_Harbor_1944.jpg|thumb|right|Bob Hope USO Show at Pearl Harbor in 1944]] With thousands of Troops stationed and passing through Hawaii, the USO Hawaii was an important part of the life of many Troops. The [[United Service Organizations]] (USO) was founded in 1941 to lift the morale of our military and nourish support on the home front. The USO was formed by having existing organizations work together to support the Troops, the first groups were: [[The Salvation Army|Salvation Army]], [[Young Men's Christian Association]], [[Young Women's Christian Association]], [[National Catholic Community Service]]s, [[National Travelers Aid Association]] and the [[National Jewish Welfare Board]]. USO Hawaii serve all the military bases in Hawaii. Current USO Locations are: USO Honolulu, USO Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, USO Pohakuloa Training Area, USO Schofield Barracks, USO Schofield Transitions.<ref>[https://hawaii.uso.org/ USO Hawaii]''hawaii.uso.org''</ref><ref>[https://hawaii.uso.org/about/uso-hawaii About USO Hawaii]''uso.org''</ref> USO operated Clubs, like: Hilo Downtown Club, Victory Club, Hu Welina club, Mo'oheau Park Club, Mokuola Club, Rainbow Club, Haili Street Club, Barbara Hall, Molokai Club, Honoka'a Club, Naalehu, Pahala, Pahoa and Kopoho clubs.<ref>[https://www.ijnhonline.org/inside-the-archives-down-honolulu-way-the-uso-and-the-navy-in-hawaii-1942-1947/ Inside the Archives: Down Honolulu Way: The USO and The Navy in Hawaii 1942-1947]''ijnhonline.org''</ref><ref>[https://historichawaii.org/2018/05/30/unitedserviceorganizations/ USO Clubs]''historichawaii.org''</ref>
One of the major events during World War II was the [[Bob Hope]] show at the Nimitz Bowl. Hope called his 1944 USO World War II military tour of the [[South Pacific Area|South Pacific]]: "Loew's Malaria Circuit" and "the Pineapple Circuit". Hope, [[Jerry Colonna (entertainer)|Jerry Colonna]], [[Frances Langford]], musician guitarist [[Tony Romano (musician)|Tony Romano]] and [[Patty Thomas]] did 150 shows in the two 1/2 months they were on road. Hope and Thomas would do [[soft shoe dance]] together in the show and Thomas would do solo tap dance numbers. So the Troops could see Patty Thomas tap dance Hope followed her around a [[microphone]]. Also on the tour were singer [[Gale Robbins]], musicians June Brenner and Ruth Denas, and comedians [[Roger Price (humorist)|Roger Price]] and [[Jack Pepper]].<ref>[http://www.eaglehorse.org/home_station/hidden_stories/40s/pair_of_jokers/pair_of_jokers.htm Bob Hope Tour 1944]''eaglehorse.org''</ref> The tours visited: Naval Base Pearl Harbor Hawaii at the Nimitz Bowl, [[Naval Base Eniwetok]], [[Naval Base Cairns]], [[Green Islands (Papua New Guinea)|Green Islands]], [[Bougainville Island|Bougainville]], Milner Bay, [[Naval Base Treasury Islands]], [[Naval Base Mios Woendi]] called Wendy Island, and [[Naval Base Kwajalein]].<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/resource/afc2001001.08272.ph0001001/?st=gallery Patty Thomas gallery ]''loc.gov''</ref>
==Nimitz Bowl== [[file:Hawaii - Oahu Island - NARA - 23938473.jpg|thumb|Site of the Nimitz Bowl in [[Punchbowl Crater]]]] Nimitz Bowl (1944-1948) was a US Navy outdoor venue in the [[Punchbowl Crater]] at [[Aiea, Hawaii|Aiea]], [[Honolulu]] dedication was held on 14 April 1944. The US Naval's Seabees built the Nimitz Bowl with 12,000 seats in a natural Bowl, there was more seating for overflow attendees in the natural Bowl.<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/image/260470340/?clipping_id=14107746&fcfToken=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmcmVlLXZpZXctaWQiOjI2MDQ3MDM0MCwiaWF0IjoxNjcyMTAxMTk3LCJleHAiOjE2NzIxODc1OTd9.AXBv7Zhr-cvnhYkeQj4TNLcE1dSLaT2HY1DI6msUCf0 Nimitz Bowl] The Honolulu Advertiser, Honolulu, Hawaii, 12 April 1944, Page 8</ref> USO shows, music and sporting events. Nimitz Bowl Sporting events included [[wrestling]] and [[boxing]]. Army/Naval and Naval District Championship, boxing matches were held at the Nimitz Bowl. Nimitz Bowl was sometime call the ''Hill''.<ref>[https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/our-collections/photography/numerical-list-of-images/nhhc-series/nh-series/NH-91000/NH-91861-KN.html Naval District Championship]''US Navy''</ref><ref>NAVY BOXERS TRIUMPH, 4-3; Beat Army in Bouts Dedicating Nimitz Bowl at Pearl Harbor, May 24, 1944. NY Times.</ref> Bob Hope released as record album recorded at the ''I Never Left Home'' in June 1944, A tribute to the armed forces on Capitol Records.<ref>[https://www.discogs.com/release/3399951-Bob-Hope-I-Never-Left-Home ''I Never Left Home''] ''discogs.com''</ref> Site of Nimitz Bowl is now the [[National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific]] also called the Punchbowl Cemetery. Congress approved funding and construction in February 1948 for a new national cemetery in Hawaii. The new cemetery was dedicated on September 2, 1949, at the site of the former Nimitz Bowl.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=February 1, 1956 |title=Hawaii Volcano Crater has new 25-bell Carillon |url=https://www.thediapason.com/sites/thediapason/files/195602TheDiapasonA.pdf |journal=[[The Diapason]] |volume=47 |issue=3 |page=6 |access-date=December 27, 2022 |archive-date=December 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212181613/https://www.thediapason.com/sites/thediapason/files/195602TheDiapasonA.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.qmmuseum.lee.army.mil/korea/op_glory.htm |title=Korean War Exchange of Dead – Operation GLORY |publisher=Qmmuseum.lee.army.mil |access-date=2013-11-13 |archive-date=December 28, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228095437/http://www.qmmuseum.lee.army.mil/korea/op_glory.htm }}</ref>
==Recreation== Naval Base Hawaii was both a major staging place for troops and supplies going to more forward base and a major rear base for [[R&R (military)|R&R]] for Troops that had been on the front lines. Due to the fear of Japanese invasion after the attack, the US government took back all regular [[United States dollar]]s and replaced them with new [[Hawaii overprint note]] during the war.<ref name="AdvertiserRare">{{cite news |url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2005/Jul/27/ln/507270358.html |title=Wartime currency not so rare |first=Bob |last=Krauss |publisher=[[Honolulu Advertiser]] |date=2005-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712104645/http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2005/Jul/27/ln/507270358.html |access-date=2009-07-10|archive-date=2014-07-12 }}</ref> *Bloch Recreation Center near Merry Point, now the Bloch Arena at {{coord|21.347|-157.941|display=inline}}. *Richardson Recreation Center by Aiea Bay, now site of Richardson Field, Rainbow Bay A-Frame Pavilion, COMPACFLT Boathouse, part of [[Aloha Stadium]] at {{coord|21.37|-157.93|display=inline}}. . *[[Fort DeRussy Military Reservation|Fort DeRussy]] was the largest recreation center on Oʻahu. *Hana Kai Maui Resort *Nimitz Bowl (1944-1948) *Baseball clubs *Camp Andrews, [[Nānākuli, Hawaii|Nānākuli beach]] (Kalanianaʻole Park) rest and recreation (R&R) area <ref>[https://imagesofoldhawaii.com/camp-andrews/ Camp Andrews ]''imagesofoldhawaii.com''</ref> *Camp Erdman, Oahu recreation camp for fleet officers, now a YMCA camp at [[Waialua, Hawaii|Waialua]]<ref>[https://www.midweek.com/the-power-of-camp-erdman/ Camp Erdman], by Susan Kang Sunderland on June 7, 2016, ''midweek.com''</ref> *Submarine Base Rest and Recuperation Annex at the [[Royal Hawaiian Hotel]] *[[Schofield Barracks|Schofield]] Recreation Center, next to Schofield training center *[[Waikiki beach|Waikiki Beach]] Recreation Center *Ward Field, Baseball<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/item/hi0438/ Ward Field, Baseball]''loc.gov''</ref> *Quick Field, Baseball <ref>[https://www.15wing.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/625386/fitness-assessments-to-temporarily-relocate/ Quick Field]''af.mil''</ref> *Navy Marine Golf Course, Pearl Harbor, opened in 1948<ref>[https://www.military.com/base-guide/naval-station-pearl-harbor/contact/navy-marine-golf-course/2130 Navy Marine Golf Course]''military.com''</ref> *Ke'alohi Golf Course, Pearl Harbor, opened in 1965<ref>[http://www.hawaiigolf.com/courses/hickam-afb/ke-alohi-par3/ Ke'alohi Golf Course]''hawaiigolf.com''</ref> *Halsey Terrace Community Center, Pearl Harbor<ref>[https://www.ohananavycommunities.com/neighborhood/halsey-terrace alsey Terrace Community]''ohananavycommunities.com''</ref> *JBPHH Fitness Center, Pearl Harbor, opened 2012<ref>[http://nextdesignllc.com/jbphh-fitness-center/ BPHH Fitness Center]''extdesignllc.com''</ref> *MWR Youth Sports Office Pearl Harbor<ref>[https://hawaii.armymwr.com/programs/youth-sports WR Youth Sports Office Pearl Harbor] ''hawaii.armymwr.com''</ref> *Hickam Bowling Center<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.greatlifehawaii.com/programs/02969574-38e1-465e-814b-107e4ddb8947|title=Hickam Bowling Center|website=www.greatlifehawaii.com}}</ref>
===Base Baseball=== [[File:Admiral_Chester_Nimitz_tossed_out_the_first_ball_in_All-Star_Game.jpg|thumb|right|Admiral Chester Nimitz tossed out the first ball in Game 1 of the All-Star Game on September 26, 1945]] [[Baseball]] was a popular pastime in Hawaii, different bases and organizations had Baseball Clubs. Furlong Field was a baseball field built in 1943 at Naval Air Station Kaneohe. This is where some of the base's Hawaii baseball teams played. '''Peterson Field''' at Aiea Barracks was another. At Furlong Field on September 26, 1945, was the first game of the ''1945 All-Star Game''. The best for the base's teams played off in American League Vs. National League. About 26,000 came to the Base's 7 game ''All-Star Baseball Series''. Admiral Chester Nimitz tossed out the first ball in Game 1. Game 6 was played at Hickam Field. Game 3 was played at Redlander Field near [[Schofield Barracks]] and Poamoho Camp at [[Whitmore Village, Hawaii|Whitmore Village]]. Of the 50 All-Star players in the series, 36 had played in the major leagues. Navy Fleet tournaments were also played in Hawaii.<ref>[https://www.baseballinwartime.com/BIWNewsletterVol12No53Sept2020.pdf War me Baseball in Hawaii - Baseball in Wartime]''baseballinwartime.com''</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sabr.org/journal/article/the-1945-all-star-game-the-baseball-navy-world-series-at-furlong-field-hawaii/|title=The 1945 All-Star Game: The Baseball Navy World Series at Furlong Field, Hawaii – Society for American Baseball Research}}</ref>[[Joe DiMaggio]], hit a home run out of the [[Honolulu Stadium]] while playing for a military base team in 1944.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68379670/dimaggio-homers-over-left-wall/ |title=DiMaggio Homers Over Left Wall |first=Carl |last=Machado |newspaper=[[Honolulu Star-Bulletin]] |page=8 |date=June 5, 1944 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |via=newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>[https://www.tinker.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/1132088/air-force-history-joltin-joe-dimaggio-and-the-7th-aaf/ Joe DiMaggio and the 7th AAF] March 24, 2017, By Howard E. Halvorsen ''af.mil''</ref> *Navy All Stars (noted player: [[Bill Dickey]], [[Virgil Trucks]], [[Dom DiMaggio]], [[Jack Hallett]], [[Phil Rizzuto]], [[Schoolboy Rowe]], [[Johnny Vander Meer]]). *The All-Service Women's Softball League had: Base 8 Hospital Babes, Pearl Harbor Hospital, Aiea Heights Hospital Hilltopperettes, Hawaiian Air Depot Black Widows, Pearl Harbor Shop Wahines and the Stores House Kamaainas. **Central Pacific Area (CPA) League Base Teams: *Aiea Naval Barracks Maroons *[[Seventh Air Force|7th Army Air Force]] Fliers (noted player: Joe DiMaggio, [[Rugger Ardizoia]], [[Johnny Beazley]], [[Bob Dillinger]], [[Joe Gordon]], [[Walt Judnich]], [[Don Lang (third baseman)|Don Lang]], [[Dario Lodigiani]], [[Jerry Priddy]], [[Red Ruffing]], [[Charlie Silvera]], and [[Tom Winsett]]) *Pearl Harbor Submarine Base Dolphins (noted player: [[Al Brancato]], [[Joe Grace (baseball)|Joe Grace]], [[Bob Harris (baseball)|Bob Harris]], [[Ken Sears (baseball)|Ken Sears]], [[Rankin Johnson, Jr.]], [[Walt Masterson]]) *Kaneohe NAS Klippers (noted player [[Tom Ferrick (baseball)|Tom Ferrick]], [[Johnny Mize]], [[Marv Felderman]], [[Wes Schulmerich]]) *Aiea Naval Hospital Hilltoppers (noted player: [[Jim Carlin (baseball)|Jim Carlin]], [[George Dickey (baseball)|George Dickey]], [[Vern Olsen]], [[Eddie Pellagrini]], [[Pee Wee Reese]], [[Eddie Shokes]] *[[Schofield Barracks|Schofield]] Redlanders ((noted player Army: [[Sid Gautreaux]]) *South Sector Commandos *[[Wheeler Field]] Wingmen **Honolulu League East Division: *Pearl Harbor Marines (noted player: [[Sam Mele]]) *Aiea Naval Barracks (Noted player: [[Johnny Lucadello]], [[Eddie Pellagrini]], [[Hugh Casey (baseball)|Hugh Casey]], [[Vinnie Smith]] and [[Barney McCosky]], [[Bob Usher]]) *7th Army Air Force *Mutual Telephone Company *Police *Camp Catlin Gators (USMC) (noted player: [[Tom Ferrick (baseball)|Tom Ferrick]] and [[Jim Davis (pitcher)|Jim Davis]]) *Coast Guard Cutters *Atkinson Athletic Club *[[Kalihi]] *[[Tripler Army Medical Center]] **Honolulu League West Division: *Pearl Harbor Civilians *Rainbows *[[Fort Shafter]] *[[Waikiki]] *Hawaiian Air Depot *CHA-3 Volunteers *Engineers *Pearl Harbor Receiving Station *St. Louis Hospital *Red Sox
==Internment Camps== [[File: Shigenori Nishikaichi, The Niihau Incident.jpg|thumb|150px|Shigenori Nishikaichi, the pilot who became the center of the [[Niʻihau Incident]] in Hawaii on December 7, 1941]] {{Main|Internment of Japanese Americans|Niʻihau Incident}} {{See also|Enemy alien|Japanese-American service in World War II}} After the attack on Pearl Harbor it was feared that some Japanese Americans might be loyal to the Empire of Japan and the [[Hirohito|Emperor of Japan]] after the [[Niihau incident]]. On February 19, 1942, President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] signed [[Executive Order 9066]], which authorized the [[Secretary of War]] to set some military zones for the [[internment of Japanese Americans]]. Hawaii had some of the U.S. [[prisoner of war]] camps and [[Japanese Americans]] internment camps. Hawaii had more than 150,000 Japanese Americans or about one-third of Hawaii population, but only 1,200 to 1,800 were sent to the Internment camps.<ref name="Ogawa, Dennis M 1991, page 135">Ogawa, Dennis M. and Fox, Jr., Evarts C. ''Japanese Americans, from Relocation to Redress''. 1991, p. 135.</ref> [[War Relocation Authority]] built both temporary and permanent relocation camps. As aliens they had to register in accordance with the law and were required to turn in all weapons and [[short-wave radio]]s. Even with internment, a number of American-born Japanese (or [[Nisei]]) volunteered to join the U.S. armed services. The Nisei units fought well and are highly decorated units. Nisei joined all the U.S. armed branches, most joined the U.S. Army.<ref name="Ng, pg. 21-22">{{cite book| last=Ng| first=Wendy L.| title=Japanese American Internment During World War II: A History and Reference Guide| publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group| year=2002| isbn=978-0-313-31375-2| url-access=registration| url=https://archive.org/details/japaneseamerican00ngwe}}</ref><ref>''Semiannual Report of the War Relocation Authority, for the period January 1 to June 30, 1946,'' not dated. Papers of [[Dillon S. Myer]]. [http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/japanese_internment/documents/index.php?pagenumber=4&documentid=62&documentdate=1946-00-00&collectionid=JI&nav=ok Scanned image at] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616103305/https://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/japanese_internment/documents/index.php?pagenumber=4&documentid=62&documentdate=1946-00-00&collectionid=JI&nav=ok |date=2018-06-16 }} trumanlibrary.org. Retrieved September 18, 2006.</ref><ref name="trumanlib_1948">"The War Relocation Authority and The Incarceration of Japanese Americans During World War II: 1948 Chronology," [http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/japanese_internment/index.php Web page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112015852/https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/whistlestop/study_collections/japanese_internment/index.php |date=2020-11-12 }} at www.trumanlibrary.org. Retrieved September 11, 2006.</ref>
==Post WWII== * [[Pearl Harbor Aviation Museum]] * [[USS Missouri (BB-63)|Battleship Missouri Memorial]] * [[USS Arizona Memorial]] * [[Pearl Harbor National Memorial]] * [[Pearl Harbor Survivors Association]] * [[USS Utah (BB-31)|USS Utah Memorial]] * [[USS Bowfin Submarine Museum]] - Pacific Fleet Submarine Museum * [[U.S. Army Museum of Hawaii]] * [http://homeofthebravehawaii.com/ Home of the Brave Hawaii-Welcome Home] * [[Naval Air Museum Barbers Point]] * [[Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam]] occupies: Hickam Field, Ford Island, former Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor, Hospital Point, Navy Yard Pearl Harbor, Kuahua Peninsula Depot, Merry Point, Kamehameha Beach, Hickam Beach, Navy Marine Golf Course, Ke'alohi Golf Course, Halsey Terrace Community, Forest City Community, [[Fort Kamehameha]], Battery Jackson, and water way Southeast Loch, water way Quarry Loch and water way Magazine Loch.
==Gallery== <gallery> [[File:Hawaiianislandchain_USGS.png|Map showing the Hawaiian island chain]] [[File:Starr 010520-0014 Scaevola taccada.jpg|thumb|Kure Atoll sign]] File:US Navy 040630-N-2911P-004 Ships from seven participating nations sit pier side at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, awaiting the start of exercise Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) 2004.jpg|Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii 2004, center Kuahua peninsula depot. File:Waipio_Peninsula_Amphibious_Base_Pearl_Harbor.jpg|Waipio Peninsula Amphibious Base near Pearl Harbor in 1944. Used in training of the island-hopping Pacific War. File:Pearl Harbor looking southwest-Oct41.jpg|Pearl Harbor looking southwest in October 1941, [[Ford Island]] is at its center. File:USS R-1 at Pearl Harbor.jpg|[[USS R-1 (SS-78)|USS R-1]] at Pearl Harbor 1925 File:USS Altair (AD-11) moored in Pearl Harbor with destroyers on 8 February 1925.jpg|{{USS|Altair|AD-11}} at Pearl Harbor with destroyers on 8 February 1925 File:USS Jason (AC-12) at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, 18 July 1923 (NH 52195).jpg|{{USS|Jason|AC-12}} at Pearl Harbor 18 July 1923 File:80-G-451207 (29708243662).jpg|[[USS Chicago (1885)|USS Chicago]] at Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor in 1926 File:Naval_Air_Station,_Kaneohe_Bay,_During_the_Pearl_Harbor_Raid_2.jpg|Naval Air Station, Kaneohe Bay, after the Pearl Harbor raid. With burnt hanger, seaplane PBY, the 5 seaplane ramps are visible. File:Dry Dock No 1 opening Pearl Harbor 1919.jpg|Dry Dock No. 1 opening at Pearl Harbor in 1919 File:Pearl Harbor coaling station in 1919.jpg|Pearl Harbor coaling station in 1919, near radio tower No.1. File:Pearl Harbor Submarine Escape Trainer.JPG|Pearl Harbor Submarine Escape Trainer at [[Submarine escape training facility]] File:USS Ronquil;0839609.jpg|[[USS Ronquil|USS Ronquil (SS-396)]] entering Pearl Harbor 1944 File:Attack on Pearl Harbor Japanese planes view.jpg|[[Attack on Pearl Harbor]] by Japanese planes File:Marine Corps Station Ewa - Barracks for civilian housing.jpg|[[Marine Corps Air Station Ewa]], barracks for civilian housing File:USS Langley (CV-1) in Pearl Harbor, in May 1928 (80-G-424475).jpg|{{USS|Langley|CV-1}} in Pearl Harbor, in May 1928, the US Navy first [[aircraft carrier]] File:Ford Island Pearl Harbor aerial 1930.jpg|Ford Island Pearl Harbor in 1930 File:PearlHarborCarrierChart.jpg|Route followed by the Japanese fleet to Pearl Harbor and back File:Haleiwa Fighter Strip - Hawaii - 1933.png|[[Haleiwa Fighter Strip]] in 1933 File:SCR-270-set-up.jpg|[[SCR-270]] like the one that detected the attacking Pearl Harbor planes File:Opana Radar Site.jpg|[[Opana Radar Site]] first operational use of radar by the United States in wartime during the attack on Pearl Harbor USS_New_Mexico_(BB-40)_in_Pearl_Harbor%2C_circa_1935_(NH_50299).jpg|{{USS|New Mexico|BB-40}} at Pearl Harbor 1935 File:Second world war asia 1937-1942 map de.png|Japan's attacks across the Pacific File:YFD-2 arriving Pearl Harbor Oct 1940.jpg|[[Auxiliary floating drydock]] [[YFD-2|USS YFD-2]] arriving Pearl Harbor in 1940 File:Hickam-1940.jpg|[[Hickam Field]] and the Naval Yard in 1940 File:Battleship row.jpg|[[Battleship Row]] ship placement in 1941 attack Pearl_harbor_aftermath.jpg|Pearl Harbor after the attack File:NASPH ^118506- 19 March 1943. USS Oklahoma- Salvage. Aerial view toward shore with ship in 90 degree position. - NARA - 296975.jpg|[[USS Oklahoma (BB-37)|USS Oklahoma]] salvage from shore 19 March 1943 File:CINCPAC Headquarters, Pearl Harbor, Makalapa administration building, in 1942-1943 (NH 82807).jpg|[[Commander in Chief Pacific Fleet Headquarters (World War II)|Commander in Chief Pacific Fleet Headquarters]] in World War II, Pearl Harbor, Makalapa administration building in 1943 File:USS Arizona Memorial (aerial view).jpg|[[USS Arizona Memorial]] in 2002 File:ISS021-E-15710 Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.jpg|Pearl Harbor, Hawaii in 2009 from [[International Space Station]] File:USS LST-480 3.jpg|[[West Loch disaster]] with {{USS|LST-39||2}} and {{USS|LST-480||2}} still afire on 22 May 1944 File:WarShippingAdministrationatWar-1.gif|War Shipping Administration and United States Merchant Navy routes during World War 2 File:USS Wisconsin and USS Oklahoma H78940t.jpg|[[USS Wisconsin (BB-64)|USS Wisconsin]] and USS Oklahoma (BB-37) at Pearl Harbor in November 1944 File:Bowfin 2.jpg|[[USS Bowfin]] at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii a [[museum ship]] File:US Navy 000627-N-5362a-003 Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.jpg|US Navy Pearl Harbor, Hawaii in 2000 File:NCDU1.jpg|U.S. Naval Combat Demolition insignia File:Ahupuaa of Oahu (4-color).svg|Oahu City Map. File:ARD29 floating repair dry dock.jpg|ARD-29 floating repair in dry dock N0. 4 at Pearl Harbor 1951 USS Greeneville (SSN 772) - dry dock Pearl Harbor (1).jpg|[[USS Greeneville (SSN 772)]] in dry dock Pearl Harbor Tripler AMC Front.jpg|[[Tripler Army Medical Center]] on Moanalua Ridge File:Pearl-harbor-december-7-1941-map.jpg|Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 map by US National Park. With a few present-day facilities </gallery> {| style="float: left; margin: 10px;" class="wikitable" |+ Pearl Harbor during the attack - [[Ships of Pearl Harbor attack]] |[[File:Pearlmap2.png|250px|alt=Map of Pearl Harbor, with locations of battleships and facilities]] | valign=top rowspan="2" | 1: [[USS California (BB-44)|''California'']]<br /> 2: [[USS Maryland (BB-46)|''Maryland'']]<br /> 3: [[USS Oklahoma (BB-37)|''Oklahoma'']]<br /> 4: [[USS Tennessee (BB-43)|''Tennessee'']]<br /> 5: [[USS West Virginia (BB-48)|''West Virginia'']]<br /> 6: [[USS Arizona (BB-39)|''Arizona'']] (6a: Next to the ''Arizona'' was the [[repair ship]] [[USS Vestal|USS ''Vestal'']])<br /> 7: [[USS Nevada (BB-36)|''Nevada'']] - departed south during attack<br /> 8: [[USS Pennsylvania (BB-38)|''Pennsylvania'']] (in [[Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard#Dry Docks|Drydock No. 1]] with destroyers: [[USS Cassin (DD-43)|''Cassin'']] and [[USS Downes (DD-45)|''Downes'']]) <br /> 9: [[Ford Island|NAS Ford Island]]<br /> 10: [[Hickam Air Force Base|Hickam field]]<br /> 1b: North of 1 (''California'') tanker [[USS Neosho (AO-23)|''Neosho'']]<br /> 1c: South of 1 (''California'') Seaplane tender [[USS Avocet (AVP-4)|''Avocet'']] *1 to 7 is called: [[Battleship Row]] West side of Ford Island: (N to S) [[USS Detroit (CL-8)|''Detroit'']], [[USS Raleigh (CL-7)|''Raleigh'']], [[USS Utah (BB-31)|''Utah'']], [[USS Tangier (AV-8)|''Tangier'']]<br /> North of Ford Island: [[USS Solace (AH-5)|''Solace'']], [[USS Chew|''Chew'']], [[USS Allen (DD-66)|''Allen'']], [[USS Whitney (AD-4)|USS ''Whitney'']] with her destroyers: {{USS|Tucker|DD-374|2}}, {{USS|Conyngham|DD-371|2}}, {{USS|Reid|DD-369|2}}, {{USS|Case|DD-370|2}}, and {{USS|Selfridge|DD-357|2}}. <br /> North and Northeast of Ford Island, off McGrew Point: [[USS Phoenix (CL-46)|''Phoenix'']], [[USS Blue (DD-387)|''Blue'']], [[USS Helm|''Helm'']], [[USS Monaghan (DD-354)|''Monaghan'']], [[USS Dale (DD-353)|''Dale'']], [[USS Aylwin (DD-355)|''Aylwin'']], [[USS Ralph Talbot (DD-390)|''Ralph Talbot'']], [[USS Patterson (DD-392)|''Patterson'']], [[USS Henley (DD-391)|''Henley'']], [[USS Farragut (DD-348)|''Farragut'']], [[USS Dobbin (AD-3)|USS Dobbin]] with her destroyers: {{USS|Phelps|DD-360|2}}, {{USS|Macdonough|DD-351|2}}, {{USS|Worden|DD-352|2}}, {{USS|Dewey|DD-349|2}} and {{USS|Hull|DD-350|2}}.
A: Oil storage tanks, not targeted<br /> B: [[CINCPAC]], not targeted<br /> C: Submarine base, At base: Sub [[USS Narwhal (SS-167)|''Narwhal'']]., [[USS Tautog (SS-199)|''Tautog '']] and [[USS Dolphin (SS-169)|''Dolphin'']]; Sub Tenders [[USS Argonne (AS-10)|''Argonne'']], [[USS Widgeon (ASR-1)|''Widgeon'']] and [[USS Pelias|''Pelias'']], at Sub base [[USS Hulbert (DD-342)|''Hulbert'']] [[USS Thornton (DD-270)|''Thornton'']]<br /> South of C (sub base) at Merry Point: [[USS Castor (AKS-1)|''Castor'']] and [[USS Sumner (AGS-5)|''Sumner'']]<br /> C1: North of C, PT Boat Base at Sub base with: PT-20, PT-21, PT-22, PT-23, PT-24, and PT-25<br /> D: [[Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard|Naval yard]], at yard: [[USS Honolulu (CL-48)|''Honolulu'']], [[USS Bagley (DD-386)|''Bagley'']], [[USS St. Louis (CL-49)|''St. Louis'']], [[USS Tern (AM-31)|''Tern'']], [[USS Jarvis (DD-393)|''Jarvis'']], [[USS San Francisco (CA-38)|''San Francisco'']], [[USS Oglala|''Oglala'']], [[USS Helena (CL-50)|''Helena'']], [[USS Schley (DD-103)|''Schley'']], [[USS Cachalot (SS-170)|''Cachalot'']], [[USS Grebe (AM-43)|''Grebe'']], [[USS Tracy (DD-214)|''Tracy'']], [[USS Mugford (DD-389)|''Mugford'']], [[USS Sicard (DD-346)|''Sicard'']], [[USS Swan (AM-34)|''Swan'']], [[USS Ontario (AT-13)|''Ontario'']], [[USS Pruitt (DD-347)|''Pruitt'']], [[USS Sacramento (PG-19)|''Sacramento'']], [[USS Rigel (AD-13)|''Rigel'']], [[USS Ramapo (AO-12)|''Ramapo'']], [[USS New Orleans (CA-32)|''New Orleans'']], [[USS Preble (DD-345)|''Preble'']], [[USS Cummings (DD-365)|''Cummings'']] and ''[[YFD-2]]'' with destroyer [[USS Shaw (DD-373)|''Shaw'']] and [[USS Sotoyomo (YTM-9)|''Sotoyomo'']]<br /> Red Cross: Pearl Harbor Naval Hospital at Hospital Point<br /> South of Red Cross, on A shoreline: [[Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard#Dry Docks|Drydock No. 4]] and [[:Image:Pearl Harbor coaling station in 1919.jpg|Coal Dock]], [[USS Turkey (AM-13)|''Turkey'']], [[USS Bobolink (AM-20)|''Bobolink'']], [[USS Vireo (AM-52)|''Vireo'']] and [[USS Rail (AM-26)|''Rail'']], at harbour entrance [[USS Helm|''Helm'']] [[USS Cinchona (AN-12)|''Cinchona'']] and [[USS Ash|''Ash'']]<br /> White (upper left): Pearl City Peninsula, off Peninsula: [[USS Medusa (AR-1)|''Medusa'']], [[USS Curtiss (AV-4)|''Curtiss'']], [[USS Ramsay (DD-124)|''Ramsay'']], [[USS Montgomery (DD-121)|''Montgomery'']], [[USS Breese|''Breese'']], [[USS Zane|''Zane'']], [[USS Wasmuth|''Wasmuth'']], [[USS Trever|''Trever'']], and [[USS Perry (DD-340)|''Perry'']]<br /> Upper right gray: McGrew Point and Mobile Naval Hospital No. 2 |- |[[File:Phdepth.png|250px|Depth key for Pearl Harbor map]] |} {{clear}}
==See also== {{Commons category|Category:Naval Submarine Base Pearl Harbor}} {{Commons category|Pearl Harbor attack}} {{Commons category|USS Arizona Memorial}} {{commons category|Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay}} {{Commons category|Ford Island}} {{Commons category|Category:Coal Dock, Pearl Harbor}} {{Commons category|Category:Magazine Loch, Pearl Harbor}} * [[US Naval Advance Bases]] * [[Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II]] * [[Hale Koa Hotel]] * [[Fort DeRussy Military Reservation]] * [[Pacific Theater aircraft carrier operations during World War II]] * [[Naval Base Panama Canal Zone]]
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=enVRZb60WGI youtube.com The attack on Pearl Harbor 1941] * [https://cnrh.cnic.navy.mil/Installations/JB-Pearl-Harbor-Hickam/ Official website Pearl Harbor Hickam] * {{Cite NSRW|short=x|wstitle=Pearl Harbor}}
==Sources== * {{Citation |last=Fuchida |first=Mitsuo |date=2011 |translator1-last=Shinsato |translator1-first=Douglas |translator2-last=Urabe |translator2-first=Tadanori |title=For That One Day: The Memoirs of Mitsuo Fuchida, Commander of the Attack on Pearl Harbor |publisher=eXperience |location=Kamuela, Hawaii |isbn=978-0-9846745-0-3}} *{{Citation |last1=Prange |first1=Gordon William |last2=Goldstein |first2=Donald M. |last3=Dillon |first3=Katherine V. |date=1988 |title=December 7, 1941: The Day the Japanese Attacked Pearl Harbor |publisher=McGraw-Hill |isbn=978-0-07-050682-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/dec71941dayjapan00gold |url-access=registration }} * {{Citation |last=Thomas |first=Evan |title=Sea of Thunder: Four Commanders and the Last Great Naval Campaign 1941–1945 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G-bOZnz2At0C |date=2007 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-0-7432-5222-5 |access-date=June 27, 2015 |archive-date=September 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906075842/https://books.google.com/books?id=G-bOZnz2At0C |url-status=live }}
{{Pearl Harbor attack}} {{US Navy navbox|state=collapsed}} {{MARCOMships}} {{WWII US ships}} {{Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries}} {{USWWII}} {{Pearl Harbor attack}} {{Hawaii}}
[[Category:Naval Stations of the United States Navy]] [[Category:1940 establishments in Oceania]] [[Category:Military installations established in 1940]] [[Category:Attack on Pearl Harbor]] [[Category:Installations of the United States Navy in Hawaii]] [[Category:1899 establishments in Hawaii]] [[Category:Military installations established in 1899]] [[Category:Pearl Harbor]] [[Category:Military in Hawaii]]