{{Infobox political party | country = Cyprus | name = National Popular Front | native_name = Εθνικό Λαϊκό Μέτωπο | logo = ELAM (Cyprus) Logo.png | logo_size = 150px | abbreviation = ΕΛΑΜ<br>ELAM | colours = {{Color box|{{Political party data|color}}|border=darkgray}} Black, {{Color box|#0065D9|border=darkgray}} blue and<br>{{Color box|#FFFFFF|border=darkgray}} white | colorcode = {{Political party data|color}} | leader = Christos Christou | student_wing = Student Front<ref>{{cite web |title=Δειγματοληψία Μυελού των Οστών στο Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου – Μέτωπο Φοιτητών ΕΛΑΜ |url=https://elamcy.com/deigmatolipsia-myelou-ton-oston-sto-panepistimio-kyprou-metopo-foititon-elam/ |website=elamcy.com |publisher=ELAM |access-date=5 October 2024 |language=Greek |trans-title=Bone Marrow Sampling at the University of Cyprus – ELAM Student Front |date=4 October 2024}}</ref> | youth_wing = Youth Front ELAM<ref>{{cite web |title=Το Μέτωπο Νεολαίας ΕΛΑΜ τίμησε τους υπερασπιστές της ΕΛΔΥΚ |url=https://elamcy.com/to-metopo-neolaias-elam-timise-tous-yperaspistes-tis-eldyk/ |website=elamcy.com |access-date=28 January 2025 |language=Greek | trans-title=The ELAM Youth Front honored the defenders of ELDYK |date=13 August 2024}}</ref> | womens_wing = Women's Front<ref>{{cite web |title=Το Μέτωπο Γυναικών στην εκδήλωση διαμαρτυρίας γυναικών Υπαξιωματικών |url=https://elamcy.com/to-metopo-gynaikon-stin-ekdilosi-diamartyrias-gynaikon-ypaksiomatikon/ |website=elamcy.com |publisher=ELAM |access-date=6 October 2024 |language=Greek | trans-title=The Women's Front at the NCO women's protest event |date=21 February 2022}}</ref> | predecessor = Cypriot Kernel | foundation = {{Start date and age|2008}} | ideology = {{ublist|class=nowrap| |Greek ultranationalism <ref>ELAM is an ultranationalist party: *[https://books.google.com/books?id=haFyDwAAQBAJ&dq=Ultranationalist+National+Popular+Front+Greece&pg=PA87 Cyprus and the roadmap for peace - A critical interrogation of the conflict]. p.87. Edited by Michalis S. Michael and Yucel Vural. Chapter authors - Yucel Vural, Sertac Sonan and Michalis S. Michael. Published by Edward Elgar Publishing in Cheltenham, UK. Published in 2018. *{{cite news|url=https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/info/nachrichten313_con-21x05x31x03y55.html|date=31 May 2021|title=NDR Info Nachrichten vom 31.05.2021|work=Norddeutscher Rundfunk|access-date=6 October 2023}} *{{cite news|url=https://www.nau.ch/politik/international/parlamentswahl-in-zypern-konservative-regierungspartei-als-favorit-65937019|date=30 May 2021|title=Parlamentswahl in Zypern - Konservative Regierungspartei als Favorit|work={{ill|Nau (website)|de|Nau (Nachrichtenportal)}}|access-date=6 October 2023}} *{{cite news|url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/countering-radical-right/remnants-golden-dawn-are-winning-support-cyprus/|date=16 April 2021|title=The remnants of Golden Dawn are winning support in Cyprus|author=Miranda Christou|work=openDemocracy|access-date=6 October 2023}} *{{cite news|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-cypriot-golden-dawn-just-celebrated-their-fifth-anniversary/|date=8 November 2013|title=I Went to the Cypriot Golden Dawn's Fifth Birthday Party|author=Nigel O'Connor|work=Vice|access-date=6 October 2023}}</ref>
|Euroscepticism {{refn|<ref name="euroscreptic1"> [http://www.elamcy.com/latest-articles/item/12380-pisoplati-maxairia-tis-e-e-stin-kypro-erntogan-anoigei-to-17-kefalaio-ton-entaksiakon.html Πισώπλατη μαχαιριά της Ε.Ε στην Κύπρο! Ερντογάν: “Ανοίγει το 17 Κεφάλαιο των ενταξιακών” ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428042333/http://elamcy.com/latest-articles/item/12380-pisoplati-maxairia-tis-e-e-stin-kypro-erntogan-anoigei-to-17-kefalaio-ton-entaksiakon.html |date=2016-04-28}}, ELAM 30-11-2015</ref><ref name="euroscreptic2">[http://www.elamcy.com/latest-articles/item/12832-i-e-e-karadokei-gia-ton-fysiko-mas-ployto.html Η Ε.Ε. καραδοκεί για τον φυσικό μας πλούτο] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603154913/http://www.elamcy.com/latest-articles/item/12832-i-e-e-karadokei-gia-ton-fysiko-mas-ployto.html |date=2016-06-03}}, ELAM 28-01-2016</ref>}} |Neo-Metaxism<ref name = "metaxas_elam">{{cite web | last1=Αυγουστή | first1=Πέτρος | url=https://elamcy.com/afieroma-ioannis-metaksas-1871-1941-ekeinos-pou-eipe-to-ochi/ | title=Αφιέρωμα: Ιωάννης Μεταξάς (1871-1941), εκείνος που είπε το "ΟΧΙ" |language=Greek |trans-title=Tribute: Ioannis Metaxas (1871-1941), the one who said "NO" | website=elamcy.com | date=27 October 2014}}</ref> |Neo-Nazism<ref name="Neo-Nazi">ELAM has been described as neo-Nazi: * {{cite book |author=Ruth Wodak |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oKkJEAAAQBAJ&dq=neonazi+ELAM+cyprus+Christou&pg=PT295 |title=Politik mit der Angst |publisher=Satzweiss.com |isbn=9783902968616 |section=Europäische rechtspopulistische und rechtsextreme Parteien und Bewegungen}} * {{cite news |author=Britta Schellenberg |date=28 October 2018 |title=Rechtspopulismus im europäischen Vergleich – Kernelemente und Unterschiede |url=https://www.bpb.de/themen/parteien/rechtspopulismus/240093/rechtspopulismus-im-europaeischen-vergleich-kernelemente-und-unterschiede/ |access-date=6 October 2023 |work=Federal Agency for Civic Education |quote=Ihre Einordnung als rechtsextremistisch und neofaschistisch bzw. neonazistisch ist laut dem Direktor des Prometheus Research Institute an der Universität Zypern, Yiannos Katsourides, unumstritten.}} * {{cite news |author=Lenz Jacobsen |date=30 March 2013 |title=Zyperns Goldene Morgenröte marschiert |url=https://www.zeit.de/politik/ausland/2013-03/zypern-krise-demonstration |access-date=6 October 2023 |work=Die Zeit |quote=Die Elam ist die neue radikale Rechte auf der Krisen-Insel: nationalsozialistisch, rassistisch und neo-nazistisch.}} * {{cite news |author=Klaus Hillenbrand |date=3 September 2023 |title=Rechte Gewalt auf Zypern: Rechtsradikale greifen Migranten an |url=https://taz.de/Rechte-Gewalt-auf-Zypern/!5954932/ |access-date=6 October 2023 |work=Die Tageszeitung |quote=Viele Zyprioten machen die neonazistische Partei Elam (Nationale Volksfront), eine Schwesterorganisation der verbotenen griechischen Partei „Goldene Morgenröte“, für die Eskalation der Gewalt verantwortlich.}}</ref> |Neo-fascism<ref name="Neo-fascist">ELAM has been described as neo-fascist: *{{Cite book |last1=Bértoa |first1=Fernando Casal |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sHcIEQAAQBAJ&dq=%22neo+fascist%22%22elam%22&pg=PA168 |chapter= Nationalism Clientelism and Anti-politics |title=Party Politics in European Microstates |last2=Dumont |first2=Patrick |date=2022-11-30 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-351-79805-1 |language=en|pages=168–169|doi=10.4324/9781315206776-10 }} * {{Cite journal |last=Bertrand |first=Gilles |date=2017 |title=République de Chypre : les élections législatives de 2016 en perspective historique. Entre hausse de l'abstention et déclin relatif des partis historiques |url=https://shs.cairn.info/revue-pole-sud-2017-2-page-149?lang=fr&ref=doi |journal=Pôle Sud |language=fr |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=149–162 |doi=10.3917/psud.047.0147 |issn=1262-1676|url-access=subscription}} * {{Cite journal |last=Sánchez-Moreno |first=Manuel |date=2024-08-20 |title=La pervivencia histórica del fascismo. Reflexiones desde la memoria democrática europea |journal=Revista mexicana de ciencias políticas y sociales |language=es |volume=68 |issue=248 |pages=271–294 |doi=10.22201/fcpys.2448492xe.2023.248.81766 |issn=0185-1918|doi-access=free}} * {{Cite journal |last1=Charalambous |first1=Giorgos |last2=Christoforou |first2=Panos |date=2018-10-02 |title=Far-Right Extremism and Populist Rhetoric: Greece and Cyprus during an Era of Crisis |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13608746.2018.1555957 |journal=Tand Ofline |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=451–477 |doi=10.1080/13608746.2018.1555957 |issn=1360-8746|url-access=subscription }} * {{Cite web |date=2016-05-22 |title=Cyprus votes for new parliament |url=https://www.dw.com/en/cyprus-votes-for-new-parliament/a-19275706 |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=DW.com |language=en}}</ref>}} | position = Far-right{{refn|<ref name="Nordsieck">{{cite web|url=http://www.parties-and-elections.eu/cyprus.html|title=Cyprus|first=Wolfram|last=Nordsieck|website=Parties and Elections in Europe|date=2016}}</ref><ref name = katsouridis_elam>{{cite journal | last = Katsourides | first = Yiannos | title = Determinants of extreme right reappearance in Cyprus: The National Popular Front (ELAM), Golden Dawn's sister party | journal = South European Society and Politics | volume = 18 | issue = 4 | pages = 567–589 | doi = 10.1080/13608746.2013.798893 | date = December 2013 | s2cid = 153418352}}</ref>}} | european = European Conservatives and Reformists Party | europarl = European Conservatives and Reformists Group | affiliation1 = Golden Dawn (2008–2020) | affiliation1_title = Greek counterpart | flag = Flag of ELAM.svg | headquarters = Nicosia, Cyprus <!-- Values obtained from Wikidata; to edit, see https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748384 -->| seats1_title = House of Representatives | seats1 = {{Political party data|seat composition bar|ms-lower-house}} | seats2_title = European Parliament | seats2 = {{Political party data|seat composition bar|ep}} | seats3_title = Municipal Councils | seats3 = {{Composition bar|30|443|{{Political party data|color}}}} | website = {{Political party data|website}} }}
The '''National People's Front''' ({{langx|el|Εθνικό Λαϊκό Μέτωπο, ΕΛΑΜ|Ethniko Laiko Metopo}}, '''ELAM''') is a Cypriot political party with a far-right<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Samaras |first=Georgios |date=2021-08-08 |title=Cyprus: what is Elam, the far-right nationalist party seeking success after the demise of Golden Dawn? |url=https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/cyprus-what-is-elam-the-far-right-nationalist-party-seeking-succe |journal=The Conversation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nikolaos |first=Prakas |date=February 5, 2023 |title=Slight rise for far-right Elam |url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2023/02/05/slight-rise-for-far-right-elam/ |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=Cyprus Mail |language=en-GB}}</ref> ultranationalist,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-05-25 |title=Far-right MP to register new nationalist party |url=https://en.philenews.com/local/far-right-mp-to-register-new-nationalist-party/ |access-date=2026-05-25 |website=en.philenews.com |language=en-US}}</ref> neo-fascist,<ref name="Neo-fascist"/> and neo-Nazi ideology.<ref name="Neo-Nazi"/> {{As of|2011|5}}, it has been approved as a legal political party.<ref name = pseka1>{{cite web |url = http://news.pseka.net/index.php?module=article&id=12421 |title = ELAM seeks to echo Golden Dawn's success: Will Greek vote boost nationalism in Cyprus? |publisher = International Coordinating Committee "Justice for Cyprus" (PSEKA) |date = 2012-05-13 |website = news.pseka.net |access-date = 26 November 2013 |archive-date = 2013-12-03 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131203030952/http://news.pseka.net/index.php?module=article&id=12421 |url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.sigmalive.com/ekloges2011/news/378497 |title = O Γενικός Εισαγγελέας ξεκαθάρισε τί εστί κόμμα |publisher = Sigma Live|date = 2 May 2011 |access-date= 26 November 2013}}</ref>
== History == ===2008–2019=== Prior to the official formation of the National Popular Front, the organisation existed under the name "Golden Dawn: Cypriot Kernel".<ref name = katsouridis_elam /> The kernel was established in late 2000,<ref name = katsouridis_elam /> and was led by the current ELAM president Christos Christou, who was an active member of the Golden Dawn political party in Greece.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://tvxs.gr/news/ellada/elam-i-xrysi-aygi-tis-kyproy |title = ELAM: The Golden Dawn of Cyprus (ΕΛΑΜ: Η Χρυσή Αυγή της Κύπρου) |publisher = tvxs.gr |date = 8 November 2013 |access-date= 28 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.iskra.gr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=10560:elam-xa-kypros-petros-kosmas-prin&catid=37:di-evropi&Itemid=172|title = Cyprus: ELAM, Like Golden Dawn (ΚΥΠΡΟΣ: ΕΛΑΜ ΟΠΩΣ ΧΡΥΣΗ ΑΥΓΗ)|publisher = Iskra.gr |date = 5 January 2013 |access-date= 28 March 2014}}</ref> The kernel attempted to register as a political party with the same name, but the name was rejected by the state's authorities, resulting in the use of the name "National Popular Front" as an alternative.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.philenews.com/el-gr/koinonia-eidiseis/160/162858/eimaste-i-chrysi-avgi-tis-kyprou-leei-to-elam-video |title = Είμαστε η Χρυσή Αυγή της Κύπρου λέει το ΕΛΑΜ| trans-title = We are the Golden Dawn of Cyprus |newspaper = Phileleftheros |date = 20 September 2013 |access-date= 26 November 2013}}</ref>
In 2019, the party submitted a bill seeking to impose a ban on all Muslim headgear in public spaces, including schools.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elam tables bill seeking ban on Muslim headgear in public spaces |url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2019/09/17/elam-tables-bill-seeking-ban-on-muslim-headgear-in-public-spaces/ |work=Cyprus Mail |access-date=2021-05-31 |archive-date=2023-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230820151513/https://cyprus-mail.com/2019/09/17/elam-tables-bill-seeking-ban-on-muslim-headgear-in-public-spaces/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
===2020–present=== In 2021, ELAM played a major role in having Annita Demetriou placed as Speaker of the House of Representatives.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ΕΛΑΜ για ψήφο στην Αννίτα: Φράξαμε τον δρόμο στο ΑΚΕΛ |url=https://politis.com.cy/17841/politis-news/17841/elam-gia-psifo-stin-annita-fraxame-ton-dromo-sto-akel |access-date=2024-06-01 |website=ΠΟΛΙΤΗΣ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nέα πρόεδρος της Βουλής η Αννίτα Δημητρίου |url=https://www.kathimerini.com.cy/gr/politiki/boyleytikes-ekloges/boyleytikes-reportaz-istoriko/i-boyli-psifizei-ton-neo-tis-proedro |access-date=2024-06-01 |website=Kathimerini.com.cy |language=el}}</ref>
In June 2023, ELAM's offices in Limassol were attacked by vandals who were later arrested by Cyprus Police.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-05-06 |title=Επίθεση και βανδαλισμοί στα γραφεία του ΕΛΑΜ στη Λεμεσό (pics) |url=https://cyprustimes.com/koinonia/epithesi-kai-vandalismoi-sta-grafeia-tou-elam-sti-lemeso-pics/ |access-date=2024-06-01 |website=cyprustimes.com |language=el}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 June 2023 |title=Στόχος βανδαλισμών τα γραφεία του ΕΛΑΜ στη Λευκωσία- Έκλεψαν αντικείμενα |url=https://www.sigmalive.com/news/politics/1116034/stoxos-vandalismon-ta-grafeia-tou-elam-sti-lefkosia-eklepsan-antikeimena}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Βανδαλισμοί στα γραφεία ΕΛΑΜ: Έστειλαν μηνύματα με συνθήματα οι κουκουλοφόροι |url=https://www.alphanews.live/politics/bandalismoi-sta-grafeia-elam-esteilan-minymata-me-synthimata-oi-koykoyloforoi |access-date=2024-06-01 |website=AlphaNews |date=18 June 2023 |language=el}}</ref>
Lately, ELAM established ties to Brothers of Italy, Vox in Spain, Greek Solution and the European Conservatives and Reformists group.<ref name="Kathimerini" /><ref>{{cite web |date=27 December 2023 |title=Ο διπλός στόχος, οι εντατικές διεργασίες και η αλλαγή δεδομένων στο ΕΛΑΜ |url=https://reporter.com.cy/article/2023/12/27/750099/o-diplos-stokhos-oi-entatikes-diergasies-kai-e-allage-dedomenon-sto-elam/ |access-date=18 January 2024 |work=Reporter Cyprus |language=el-CY}}</ref><ref name="phile">{{cite web |date=22 January 2024 |title=Cypriot far-right eyes Italian inspiration for political ascent |url=https://in-cyprus.philenews.com/local/cypriot-far-right-eyes-italian-inspiration-for-political-ascent/ |access-date=3 February 2024 |work=Phileleftheros}}</ref>
In the 2024 European Parliament elections, for the first time in its history, ELAM candidate Geadis Geadi won a seat in the European Parliament whilst subsequently taking over as the 3rd largest political party from the Democratic Party (DIKO).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-10 |title=Far-right ELAM to join ECR in the EU Parliament |url=https://in-cyprus.philenews.com/local/far-right-elam-to-join-ecr-in-the-eu-parliament/ |access-date=2024-06-10 |website=in-cyprus.philenews.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |agency=AFP |title=Cyprus Sends 24-year-old YouTuber To European Parliament |url=https://www.barrons.com/news/cyprus-sends-24-year-old-youtuber-to-european-parliament-0c87c444 |access-date=2024-06-10 |website=Barron's|language=en-US}}</ref>
==Positions and ideologies== ELAM is a far-right, xenophobic and Eurosceptic party,<ref>{{cite news |last= Samaras |first= Georgios |date= 30 May 2023 |title= Cyprus: what is Elam, the far‑right nationalist party seeking success after the demise of Golden Dawn? |url= https://theconversation.com/cyprus-what-is-elam-the-far-right-nationalist-party-seeking-success-after-the-demise-of-golden-dawn-165639 |work= The Conversation |access-date= 24 April 2026}}</ref> strongly "enotic", which praises the Greek former prime minister Ioannis Metaxas of the 4th of August Regime.<ref name="euroscreptic1" /><ref name="euroscreptic2" /><ref name="metaxas_elam">{{cite web | last1=Αυγουστή | first1=Πέτρος | url=https://elamcy.com/afieroma-ioannis-metaksas-1871-1941-ekeinos-pou-eipe-to-ochi/ | title=Αφιέρωμα: Ιωάννης Μεταξάς (1871-1941), εκείνος που είπε το "ΟΧΙ" |language=Greek |trans-title=Tribute: Ioannis Metaxas (1871-1941), the one who said "NO" | website=elamcy.com | date=27 October 2014}}</ref>
During the COVID-19 pandemic, ELAM gained support from anti-vaccination groups for criticizing the government for their measures and the refusal of their leader to get vaccinated,<ref name="Kathimerini" /><ref name="fes">{{cite web |author1=Yiannos Katsourides |author2=Leandros Savvides |year=2021 |title=The Profiteers of Fear? |url=https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/zypern/18737.pdf |access-date=3 February 2024 |work=Friedrich Ebert Foundation}}</ref> even though unlike other parties they did not officially embrace conspiracy theories.<ref name="Kathimerini" /><ref name="fes" />
The party condemned the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel, noting Hamas’s close relations with Turkey.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://elamcy.com/katadikazoume-aperifrasta-tin-epithesi-sto-israil/ | title=Καταδικάζουμε απερίφραστα την επίθεση στο Ισραήλ | date=7 October 2023 }}</ref> The party supports the EastMed pipeline, which would connect Cyprus with Israel.<ref>{{cite news|work=The European Conservative|title="Fifty years on, Cypriots still yearn to return to their ancestral homes": An Interview with Geadis Geadi|date=12 August 2024|url=https://europeanconservative.com/articles/interviews/fifty-years-on-cypriots-still-yearn-to-return-to-their-ancestral-homes-an-interview-with-geadis-geadi/}}</ref>
ELAM advocated neutrality after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, highlighting Western hypocrisy on the Cyprus dispute.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://elamcy.com/g-geadi-oute-me-rosia-oute-me-oukrania-me-ta-symferonta-tou-ellinismou/ | title=Γ.Γεάδη: «Ούτε με Ρωσία, ούτε με Ουκρανία - Με τα συμφέροντα του ελληνισμού» | date=6 March 2022 }}</ref> Since then, the party has aligned its stance more closely with Ukraine, while encouraging the EU to provide similar support to Cyprus against Turkey as it provides to Ukraine against Russia.<ref>{{cite news|work=Offsitenews|date=20 July 2024|title=Γεάδης Γεάδη: Το Προεδρείο του ECR, η λύση Ενιαίου Κράτους και το Μεταναστευτικό|url=https://www.offsite.com.cy/eidiseis/politiki/geadis-geadi-proedreio-toy-ecr-i-lysi-eniaioy-kratoys-kai-metanasteytiko}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|work=Reporter|title=Κυρώσεις κατά Τουρκίας όπως στη Ρωσία ζητά το ECR-Μίλησε για ενιαίο κράτος|date=17 July 2024|url=https://reporter.com.cy/article/2024/7/17/786908/kuroseis-kata-tourkias-opos-ste-rosia-zeta-to-ecr-milese-gia-eniaio-kratos/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|work=Kathimerini|title=Ευρωβουλή: Πώς κινήθηκε η Κύπρος για φον ντερ Λάιεν, Μέτσολα και Ουκρανικό|date=19 July 2024|url=https://www.kathimerini.com.cy/gr/politiki/eyroboyli-pws-kinithike-i-kypros-gia-fon-nter-laien-metsola-kai-oykraniko}}</ref>
==Controversies== {{Neo-fascism}} Ideologically, ELAM is neo-fascist, neo-nazi and nationalist-revolutionary, akin to the NPD in Germany,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/17/069/1706968.pdf|date=9 September 2011|title=Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten Sevim Dağdelen, Heike Hänsel, Dr. Dietmar Bartsch, weiterer Abgeordneter und der Fraktion DIE LINKE.|author=German government|access-date=6 October 2023}}</ref><ref name=Kathimerini>{{cite web|url=https://www.kathimerini.com.cy/gr/politiki/2-i-siopiri-anodos-toy-elam|author=Marina Economides|title=Η σιωπηρή άνοδος του ΕΛΑΜ|language=el-CY|date=29 January 2024|access-date=3 February 2024|website=Kathimerini}}</ref> the GUD in France and Golden Dawn in Greece.<ref name="tourdeurope">{{cite web |author=Tristan Berteloot et Jean-Yves Camus |date=28 May 2019 |title=Européennes : tour d'Europe des droites eurosceptiques, populistes et radicales |url=https://oeilsurlefront.liberation.fr/les-idees/2019/05/21/europeennes-tour-d-europe-des-droites-eurosceptiques-populistes-et-radicales-12_1727407 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121194856/https://oeilsurlefront.liberation.fr/les-idees/2019/05/21/europeennes-tour-d-europe-des-droites-eurosceptiques-populistes-et-radicales-12_1727407 |archive-date=21 January 2021 |access-date=29 May 2023 |website=Liberation}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator -->.</ref> Though the party has been accused of being aligned to fascist and even Nazi ideologies, it has categorically refused these claims and has cut ties with Golden Dawn since 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-30 |title=British govt official attends Elam event |url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2024/03/30/british-govt-official-attends-elam-event/ |access-date=2024-05-29 |website=cyprus-mail.com |language=en |quote=Ties between Elam and Golden Dawn were officially cut in 2020, and Golden Dawn was declared a criminal organisation later that same year following the conclusion of investigations into the murder of left-wing Greek rapper Pavlos Fyssas.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Σούγλης |first=Δημήτρης |date=2021-11-10 |title=Φασισμός είναι… |url=https://elamcy.com/fasismos-einai/ |access-date=2024-05-29 |website=Εθνικό Λαϊκό Μέτωπο (Ε.ΛΑ.Μ.) |language=el |quote=Στην Κύπρο έχουμε φασισμό και φασιστικές νοοτροπίες και το Εθνικό Λαϊκό Μέτωπο (Ε.ΛΑ.Μ), δεν έχει καμία σχέση ή ανάμειξη με αυτά. |trans-quote=In Cyprus we have fascism and fascismic mentality and the National Peoples Front (ELAM), does not have any relationship or mix up with that.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-10 |title=On holiday with Europe's right-wingers |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/europe-hard-right-conservatives-reformists-cyprus-election/ |access-date=2024-05-29 |website=POLITICO |language=en-GB |quote=The far right Cypriot party, which once had links to Greece’s now-defunct and outlawed neo-Nazi party, Golden Dawn, was the de facto host of the weekend’s program.}}</ref>
===Previous connections with Golden Dawn=== ELAM had been openly connected with Greek far-right political party Golden Dawn, which it described in the past as a "brother movement".<ref name="pseka1"/> Members and supporters of ELAM celebrated in the streets after the Greek legislative electoral results of May 2012, which gave Golden Dawn representation in the Greek parliament for the first time.<ref name="pseka1"/><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.lifo.gr/now/world/11344 |title = The Cypriot "Golden Dawn" Excuses Kasidiaris (Η κυπριακή "Χρυσή Αυγή" δικαιολογεί τον Κασιδιάρη) |publisher = Lifo.gr| date = 9 June 2012 |access-date= 26 November 2013 }}</ref> The party officially congratulated the leader of Golden Dawn, Nikolaos Michaloliakos, for their electoral success.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.sigmalive.com/news/politics/487573 |title = Congratulations of ELAM to Golden Dawn (Συγχαρητήρια Ε.ΛΑ.Μ. προς Χρυσή Αυγή) |publisher = Sigma Live |date = 7 May 2012 |access-date= 26 November 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ant1iwo.com/kypros/2012/05/07/sygxarhthria-e-la-m-se-xrysh-aygh/ |title = Congratulations of ELAM towards Golden Dawn (Συγχαρητήρια Ε.ΛΑ.Μ σε Χρυσή Αυγή) |publisher = ANT1 |date = 7 May 2012 |access-date = 26 November 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131202223732/http://www.ant1iwo.com/kypros/2012/05/07/sygxarhthria-e-la-m-se-xrysh-aygh/ |archive-date = 2 December 2013 |url-status = dead }}</ref>
In late December 2012, ELAM announced its candidate Georgios Charalambous; for the upcoming presidential elections; in the presence of two notable members of Golden Dawn, Giannis Lagos and Ilias Kasidiaris.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cyprus-mail.com/candidate/elam-announces-its-candidate/20130101 |title=ELAM announces its candidate |work=Cyprus Mail |date=1 January 2013 |access-date=26 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204143653/http://www.cyprus-mail.com/candidate/elam-announces-its-candidate/20130101 |archive-date= 4 February 2013 }}</ref> It was reported that in the presentation Ilias Kasidiaris stated that "ELAM and Golden Dawn are not simply brother parties" and that "ELAM is the Golden Dawn of Cyprus".<ref>{{cite web |url = https://prin.gr/?p=561 |title = ELAM, as Golden Dawn (ΕΛΑΜ όπως Χρυσή Αυγή) |newspaper = Prin|date = 6 January 2013 |access-date= 26 November 2013 }}</ref>
In October 2013 Greek Golden Dawn MPs Ilias Kasidiaris and Artemis Matheopoulos stated that ELAM is being financed by Golden Dawn.<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.tothemaonline.com/politiki/apokalupsi-gia-xrimatodotisi-tou-elam-apo-ti-xrusi-augi |title = Revelation: Golden Dawn Finances ELAM! This is what was stated by Kasidiaris and Matheopoulos! (Αποκάλυψη: Η Χρυσή Αυγή χρηματοδοτεί και το ΕΛΑΜ! Αυτό δήλωσαν Κασιδιάρης και Ματθαιόπουλος!) |newspaper = To Thema|date = 25 October 2013 |access-date= 26 November 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.sofokleousin.gr/archives/145831.html |title = AKEL: Golden Dawn Financed ELAM (ΑΚΕΛ: Η Χρυσή Αυγή χρηματοδοτούσε το ΕΛΑΜ) |publisher = Sofokleous In |date = 30 October 2013 |access-date = 26 November 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131202224434/http://www.sofokleousin.gr/archives/145831.html |archive-date = 2 December 2013 |url-status = dead }}</ref> In June 2020, ELAM explained it had officially cut ties with Golden Dawn, after the party lost their parliamentary representation in the 2019 election.<ref name=cutties>{{Cite web|title=O Xρίστου εξηγεί: Γιατί το ΕΛΑΜ διέκοψε τις σχέσεις με την Χρυσή Αυγή (ΒΙΝΤΕΟ)|url=https://www.alphanews.live/politics/o-xristoy-exigei-giati-elam-diekopse-tis-sheseis-me-tin-hrysi-aygi-binteo|access-date=2020-08-07|website=AlphaNews.Live|date=23 June 2020 |language=el}}</ref> Its leader, Christos Christou, cited that the party was following its own strategy, acting independently.<ref name=cutties/> Media such as ''The Guardian'' or state-owned Turkish ''TRT World'' still describe the party as linked to Golden Dawn and as neo-Nazis.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cyprus election: far-right party linked to Greek neo-Nazis doubles vote share |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/may/30/far-right-cyprus-election-parliament |website=The Guardian |date=30 May 2021 |access-date=21 August 2023 |last1=Smith |first1=Helena }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Neo-Nazi party doubles vote share in Greek Cypriot elections |url=https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/neo-nazi-party-doubles-vote-share-in-greek-cypriot-elections-47136 |website=TRT World |access-date=22 October 2023}}</ref> Some linked this decision to the investigations of the murder of Pavlos Fyssas and the closure of Golden Dawn in 2020<ref name=Kathimerini/><ref name=phile/><ref name=fes/> and stated that their core policies did not change.<ref name=Kathimerini/><ref name=fes/>
===ELAM and political violence=== The party has been the subject of controversy in the Cypriot media and the broader political scene. It has been repeatedly accused of promoting racism and being involved in acts of violence. In July 2010, it was reported that after the condemnation ceremonies against the Turkish invasion of 1974 on 20 July, people with ELAM T-shirts attacked a Nigerian man in Makariou street in Nicosia.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.politis-news.com/cgibin/hweb?-A=201179&-V=articles |title = Racism went out in the Streets (Ο ρατσιμός βγήκε στους δρόμους) |newspaper = Politis|date = 2010-07-22 |access-date= 26 November 2013 }}</ref> On 19 March 2011, eyewitnesses reported that members of ELAM beat up a lottery seller in Lidras street in Nicosia after a disagreement in political views.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.politis-news.com/cgibin/hweb?-A=206112&-V=articles |title = "We are Heating the Egg of the Snake" ("Ζεσταίνουμε το αβγό του φιδιού") |newspaper = Politis |date = 2011-03-23 |access-date = 26 November 2013 |archive-date = 2013-12-02 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131202225858/http://www.politis-news.com/cgibin/hweb?-A=206112&-V=articles |url-status = dead }}</ref> Furthermore, it was reported that eight ELAM members, one of which ranked as a second lieutenant in the Cypriot National Guard, were arrested by the police in connection to an attack against university students during the student elections of the University of Nicosia on 6 December 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.philenews.com/el-gr/Eidiseis-Kypros/22/88581/okto-ypoptoi-oloi-meli-tou-elam |archive-url = https://archive.today/20130131182259/http://www.philenews.com/el-gr/Eidiseis-Kypros/22/88581/okto-ypoptoi-oloi-meli-tou-elam |url-status = dead |archive-date = 31 January 2013 |title = Eight Suspects, All Members of ELAM for the Attack at the University of Nicosia (Οκτώ ύποπτοι όλοι μέλη του ΕΛΑΜ για την επίθεση στο Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας) |work = Phileleftheros |date = 9 December 2011 |access-date = 26 November 2013 }}</ref> In addition, local newspaper ''Haravgi'' reported that on 11 May 2012, a second lieutenant was found training ELAM members in shooting mortars in a National Guard's shooting ground.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.sigmalive.com/news/local/489328 |title = Αξιωματικός της Ε.Φ. φέρεται να εκπαίδευε ΕΛΑΜΙΤΕΣ |publisher = Sigma Live|date = 13 May 2012 |access-date= 26 November 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ikypros.com/easyconsole.cfm/id/41992 |title = Ανθυπίλαρχος εκπαίδευε στα όπλα μέλη του ΕΛΑΜ |publisher = iKypros |date = 13 May 2012 |access-date = 26 November 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131121224808/http://www.ikypros.com/easyconsole.cfm/id/41992 |archive-date = 2013-11-21 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.efylakas.com/archives/12703 |title=Ανθυπίλαρχος εκπαίδευε στα όπλα μέλη του ΕΛΑΜ |publisher=Εμπροσθοφύλακας |date=13 May 2012 |access-date=26 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202222852/http://www.efylakas.com/archives/12703 |archive-date= 2 December 2013 }}</ref> The Ministry of Defense confirmed that an officer had been charged for calling a non-authorized person for shooting in a shooting ground, but specified that it was a rifle shooting. The Ministry made no comment on possible political connections to the incident.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.haravgi.com.cy/site-article-21596-gr.php |title = Επιβεβαιώνει τη "Χ" το Υπουργείο Αμυνας |work = Haravgi |date = 15 May 2012 |access-date = 26 November 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131203000851/http://www.haravgi.com.cy/site-article-21596-gr.php |archive-date = 2013-12-03 |url-status = dead }}</ref>
On 26 March 2014, ELAM members attempted to interrupt and stop a reunification conference in Limassol, in which one of the speakers was the Turkish Cypriot politician Mehmet Ali Talat.<ref name = cypmail14>{{cite web |url = http://cyprus-mail.com/2014/03/26/far-right-extremists-disrupts-reunification-event/ |title = Far right extremists disrupts reunification event |work = Cyprus Mail |date = 26 March 2014 |access-date = 26 March 2014 |archive-date = 28 March 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140328052724/http://cyprus-mail.com/2014/03/26/far-right-extremists-disrupts-reunification-event/ |url-status = dead }}</ref> It was reported that members of ELAM broke through the police lines, broke a window and threw a flare in the conference hall,<ref name = cypmail14 /><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.kathimerini.com.cy/index.php?pageaction=kat&modid=1&artid=166548 |title = ELAM Members Threw a Lighted Torch at Talat in Limassol (Ελαμίτες έριξαν αναμμένο πυρσό στον Ταλάτ στη Λεμεσό) |publisher =Kathimerini|date = 26 March 2014 |access-date= 26 March 2014 }}</ref> while a Turkish Cypriot journalist was slightly injured.<ref name = sigma12>{{cite web |url = http://www.sigmalive.com/news/local/112607 |title = Επεισόδια σε εκδήλωση με ομιλητή τον Ταλάτ στη Λεμεσό |publisher =Sigma Live|date = 26 March 2014 |access-date= 26 March 2014 }}</ref> ELAM was protesting against the presence of Mehmet Ali Talat in the conference, calling him a "war criminal".<ref name = sigma12 />
ELAM has officially opposed its association with the incidents mentioned, stating that no ELAM members have been convicted for the specific crimes that its members have been accused of. It further accused the media and other organisations for intentionally connecting the movement with the incidents, in order to damage its public image.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.sigmalive.com/news/local/444933 |title = "ELAM has no Connection With the Attack at the University" ("Το ΕΛΑΜ δεν έχει καμία σχέση με την επίθεση στο Πανεπιστήμιο") |publisher =Sigma Live|date = 7 December 2011 |access-date= 26 November 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.sigmalive.com/news/local/444933 |title = ELAM:"The article of Haravgi is Slanderus" (Ε.ΛΑ.Μ.:" Συκοφαντικό το δημοσίευμα της Χαραυγής") |publisher =Sigma Live|date = 14 May 2012 |access-date= 26 November 2013 }}</ref>
===Parliamentary moment of silence boycott=== ELAM's MPs walked out on a parliamentary moment of silence for the more than 500 dead migrants from the 2023 Pylos migrant boat disaster. The party stated that the moment of silence was "political exploitation" and "The aim is so that society will feel guilty for a crime committed by traffickers."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hazou |first1=Elias |title=Elam MPs reportedly walked out during minute silence for shipwreck victims |url=https://cyprus-mail.com/2023/06/15/elam-mps-reportedly-walked-out-during-minute-silence-for-shipwreck-victims/ |access-date=21 August 2023 |website=Cyprus Mail|date=15 June 2023 }}</ref>
==Electoral results==
=== President ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+President of Cyprus ! style="width:50px" rowspan="2" | Election ! colspan="3" | Round 1 ! rowspan="2" | Candidate ! style="width:50px" rowspan="2" | Win |- ! style="width:50px" | # ! style="width:50px" | % ! style="width:50px" | Rank |- ! 2013 | align=right | 3,899 | align=right | 0.88 | 4th | Georgios Charalampous | {{na}} |- ! 2018 | align=right | 21,846 | align=right | 5.65 | 4th | Christos Christou | {{na}} |- ! 2023 | align=right | 23,988 | align=right | 6.04 | 4th | Christos Christou | {{na}} |}
=== Parliament === {| class=wikitable style="text-align:center" |+ House of Representatives ! rowspan=2| Election ! colspan=3| Votes ! colspan=2| Seats |- ! style="width:50px"| # ! style="width:50px"| % ! style="width:50px"| Rank ! style="width:50px"| # ! style="width:50px"| ± |- ! 2011 | align=right | 4,354 | align=right | 1.1 | 7th | style="text-align:right" | {{Composition bar compact|0|56|black}} | New |- ! 2016 | align=right | 13,041 | align=right | 3.7 | 8th | style="text-align:right" | {{Composition bar compact|2|56|black}} | {{increase}} 2 |- ! 2021 | align=right | 24,255 | align=right | 6.8 | 4th | style="text-align:right" | {{Composition bar compact|4|56|black}} | {{increase}} 2 |- ! 2026 | align="right" |40,572 | align="right" |10.9 | 3rd | style="text-align:right" |{{Composition bar compact|8|56|black}} | {{increase}} 4 |}
=== European Parliament ===
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center" |+ European Parliament ! rowspan=2| Election ! colspan=3| Votes ! colspan=2| Seats |- ! style="width:50px"| # ! style="width:50px"| % ! style="width:50px"| Rank ! style="width:50px"| # ! style="width:50px"| ± |- ! 2009 | align=right | 663 | align=right | 0.2 | 9th | style="text-align:right" | {{Composition bar compact|0|6|black}} | New |- ! 2014 | align=right | 6,957 | align=right | 2.7 | 7th | style="text-align:right" | {{Composition bar compact|0|6|black}} | {{steady}} 0 |- ! 2019 | align=right | 23,167 | align=right | 8.3 | 5th | style="text-align:right" | {{Composition bar compact|0|6|black}} | {{steady}} 0 |- ! 2024 | align=right | 41,215 | align=right | 11.2 | 4th | style="text-align:right" | {{Composition bar compact|1|6|black}} | {{increase}} 1 |}
==References== '''Notes''' {{Reflist|group=n}}
'''Citations''' {{Reflist|30em}}
==Further reading== * {{cite journal | last = Katsourides | first = Yiannos | title = Determinants of extreme right reappearance in Cyprus: The National Popular Front (ELAM), Golden Dawn's sister party | journal = South European Society and Politics | volume = 18 | issue = 4 | pages = 567–589 | doi = 10.1080/13608746.2013.798893 | date = December 2013 | s2cid = 153418352 }}
{{Political parties in Cyprus}} {{Fascism}} {{Greek nationalism}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Euroscepticism in Cyprus Category:Far-right political parties in Cyprus Category:Greek Cypriot nationalism Category:Metaxist parties Category:Neo-fascist parties Category:Neo-Nazi political parties in Europe Category:Political parties established in 2008 Category:Organizations that oppose LGBTQ rights in Asia Category:Opposition to same-sex marriage in Asia Category:COVID-19 vaccine misinformation and hesitancy Category:Opposition to same-sex marriage in Europe Category:Paleoconservative organizations Category:Political parties that oppose LGBTQ rights in Europe Category:Eastern Orthodoxy and far-right politics Category:Eurosceptic parties Category:Ultranationalist parties Category:Eastern Orthodox political parties