{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Narthamalai | other_name = | nickname = | settlement_type = village | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | pushpin_map = India Tamil Nadu#India | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu, India | coordinates = {{coord|10.51|N|78.76|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Tamil Nadu | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Pudukottai | established_title = <!-- Established --> | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | government_type = | governing_body = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_total = | population_as_of = | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | demographics1_info1 = Tamil | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = <!-- PIN --> | postal_code = | area_code_type = Telephone code | area_code = 91-4322 | registration_plate = TN55 | website = | footnotes = }}
thumbnail|right|Vijayalaya Choleswaran Temple at Narthamalai thumb|Sculpture at narthamalai, India thumb|Shiva Lingam At Narthamalai
'''Narthamalai''', a cluster of small hills, is 25 km from Trichy on the Trichy-Pudukottai highway in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Here can be seen some of the oldest rock cut cave temples, as well as the longest rock-cut edicts, similar to Asokan edicts and extremely rare in the south of India.<ref name="hindu">{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2004/11/05/stories/2004110503191000.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050126150324/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2004/11/05/stories/2004110503191000.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2005-01-26 |title= Classic example of Chola architecture |accessdate=2007-01-26 |location=Chennai, India |work=The Hindu |date=2004-11-05 }}</ref> The town houses Vijayalaya Choleeswaram built during the 9th century. The two rock-cut temples are classic examples of how temple architecture styles were fusing in different parts of the country.<ref name="hindu"/>
==History== thumb|200px|left|Image of pilasters on the lower part of the vimana Narthamalai was ruled from the 7th to 9th centuries by the Mutharaiyars, who were feudatories of the Pallavas. The region was later captured by Medieval Cholas.<ref name=hindu/> Though the temple is called Vijayalaya Choleeswaram, the temple was originally built by Muttaraiyar lieutenant, Sattan Paliyili, during the seventh regnal year of Pallava king Nripatungavarman during 862 CE.<ref>{{cite book|title=Pallava Antiquities - 2 Vols.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=itsryymCeLgC&dq=narthamalai&pg=PA16|first=Jouveau-Dubreuil|last=G.|page=16|year=1994|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=9788120605718}}</ref> As per some accounts, the temple is believed to have been built by the first king of Medieval Cholas, Vijayalaya Chola (848- 891 CE), but the view is highly debated.<ref>{{cite book|title=God and King, the Devarāja Cult in South Asian Art and Architecture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z6jgHpB1448C&dq=narthamalai&pg=PA133|page=1448|publisher=Daya Books|year=2005|isbn=9788189233266|last1=Morley|first1=Grace|last2=Sengupta|first2=Arputha Rani}}</ref> As per the inscriptions, immediately after the construction, the temple was damaged by rains and lightning. The restoration work was carried out by Tennavan Tamiladirayan, aka Pallan Anantan.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Concept of Jirnnoddhara|jstor=42936603|journal=Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute|publisher= Vice Chancellor, Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute (Deemed University), Pune|last=Rao|first=M.S. Nagaraja|volume=60/61|year=2001|pages=15–20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pallava Inscriptions, Nos. 51 to 75 |url=https://www.whatisindia.com/inscriptions/south_indian_inscriptions/volume_12/stones_51_to_75.html|publisher= Government Epigraphist for India|year=1943|accessdate=9 November 2025}}</ref>
In modern times, the temple is maintained and administered by archaeological department of India as a protected monument.<ref>{{cite web|title=Alphabetical List of Monuments - Tamil Nadu|url=http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_alphalist_tamilnadu.asp|publisher=Archaeological Survey of India|year=2011|accessdate=14 November 2015}}</ref>
The place was called Telinga-kula-kala-puram in the 11th century during the times of Rajaraja Chola I and his son Rajendra Chola I.<ref>{{cite book|title=Later Chola Temples: Kulottunga I to Rajendra III (A.D. 1070-1280), Parts 1070-1280|author=S. R. Balasubrahmanyam, B. Natarajan, Balasubrahmanyan Ramachandran|publisher=Mudgala Trust, 1979 - Architecture - 470 pages|page=388}}</ref>
==Tourism== Narthamalai is located 11 miles Northeast West of Pudukottai in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. The cave temples of Narthamalai have stood the test of time. Its beautifully carved pillars and statues will never give away that these temples date all the way back to the early medieval era. Narthamalai has six large, skillfully carved of Lord Vishnu in the central hall. A life size portrait of Lord Vishnu will leave the visitors speechless with the levels of skill, effort and the time taken to create it.
The Vijayalaya Choleswara temple at Narthamalai is the most beautiful structure in Narthamalai hills. Vijayalaya Choleeswaram is dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva. Constructed in the Nagara style of architecture and rock cut architecture, the temple is believed to have been built during the 9th century by Muttaraiyar kings, the cardinals of Pallavas, with later expansion from the Cholas. The rock-cut architecture is an early example of Chola Art, continuing the tradition of the Pallavas. The other portions of Narthamalai houses the 8th century Jaina Abode, the Aluruttimalai Jain Caves. There are also two rock-cut caves, one of which houses twelve life size sculptures of Vishnu. The temple is considered one of the oldest stone temples in South India.
A manifestation of ancient Tamil culture, the Narthamalai temples is just one of your tutors if you want learn more about one of the oldest living civilization.
There is another Historical event occurred here, the Thanjai Perya kovil was built with the stones taken from this mountain only, during Chola's Empire.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}
==See also== *Indian rock-cut architecture *[http://www.travelpod.com/travel-blog/rajv/2/tpod.html] *[http://www.idntourism.com/narthamalai-temple/]
==Notes== <references/>
Category:Caves of Tamil Nadu Category:Tourist attractions in Tamil Nadu Category:Archaeological sites in Tamil Nadu Category:Villages in Pudukkottai district