{{Short description|Extinct family of turtles}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{fossil_range|Cretaceous}} | image = Basilemys.jpg | image_caption = ''Basilemys variolosa'' skeleton, [[Royal Tyrrell Museum]] | taxon = Nanhsiungchelyidae | authority = Yeh, 1966 | type_species = {{extinct}}''[[Nanhsiungchelys|Nanhsiungchelys wuchingensis]]'' | type_species_authority = Yeh, 1966 | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision = * {{extinct}}''[[Anomalochelys]]''<ref name="fw2019">{{cite web | url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=63054 | title=Nanhsiungchelyidae | publisher=FossilWorks | access-date=17 December 2021}}</ref> * {{extinct}}''[[Basilemys]]''<ref name="fw2019"/> * {{extinct}}''[[Bulganemys]]''<ref name="fw2019"/> * {{extinct}}''[[Charitonyx]]''<ref name="fw2019"/> * {{extinct}}''[[Hanbogdemys]]''<ref name="fw2019"/> * {{extinct}}''[[Jiangxichelys]]''<ref name="fw2019"/> * {{extinct}}''[[Kharakhutulia]]''<ref name="fw2019"/> * {{extinct}}''[[Nanhsiungchelys]]''<ref name="fw2019"/> * {{extinct}}''[[Xianyuechelys]]'' <ref>Yuzheng Ke, Kecheng Niu, Paul Rummy, Haiyan Tong,Jinfeng Hu and Fenglu Han. 2024. Xianyuechelys yingliangi: A New nanhsiungchelyid Turtle from the Late Cretaceous of Ganzhou Basin, China. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 22(1); 2346838. DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2024.2346838</ref> * {{extinct}}''[[Yuchelys]]''<ref name="fw2019"/> * {{extinct}}''[[Zangerlia]]''<ref name="fw2019"/> }}
'''Nanhsiungchelyidae''' is an extinct family of land [[turtle]]s known from Cretaceous deposits in Asia and North America.<ref name="fw2019" /> Nanhsiungchelyids were more terrestrial than many of their contemporaries, and may have gone extinct at the [[K–Pg event|end of the Cretaceous]] as a result.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/fossilized-egg-from-prehistoric-giant-turtle-reveals-baby-inside|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818001503/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/fossilized-egg-from-prehistoric-giant-turtle-reveals-baby-inside|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 18, 2021|title=Fossilized egg from prehistoric giant turtle reveals baby inside|website=[[National Geographic Society]]}}</ref>
==Classification== The name Nanhsiungchelyidae was coined by Yeh in 1966, in the same paper in which the type genus ''Nanhsiungchelys'' was described.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yeh|first=Hsiang-k'uei|date=1966|title=A new cretaceous turtle of Nanhsiung, Northern Kwantung|journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica|volume=10|pages=197–200|s2cid=134968880}}</ref> The name is derived from the name of the type species, with the suffix of a family, -idae, added to it.
=== Taxonomy === According to phylogenetic analyses, Nanhsiungchelyidae is the sister group to [[Adocidae]], and thus both are included within the clade [[Adocusia]]. Nanhsiungchelyidae is split into two major clades, one including most of the predominantly Asian species (''Jiangxichelys'', ''Anomalochelys'', etc.) and a clade including only the different species within the genus ''Basilemys''.<ref name=":0" /> When looking at recent analyses, it also becomes clear that some of the species of ''Zangerlia'' might not be the same genus, as the type species confidently gets placed in a very different position than the other two valid species.<ref name=":0" />
=== Phylogeny === Multiple phylogenetic analyses have been conducted on Nanhsiungchelyidae, but one of the most recent analyses comes from Tong & Li (2018). In this analysis, we see 13 Nanhsiungchelyid taxa represented, with ''Adocus'' used as an outgroup.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Tong|first1=Haiyan|last2=Li|first2=Lu|date=2019|title=A revision of the holotype of Nanhsiungchelys wuchingensis, Ye, 1966 (Testudines: Cryptodira: Trionychoidae: Nanhsiungchelyidae)|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0195667118301745|journal=Cretaceous Research|language=en|volume=95|pages=151–163|doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2018.11.003|bibcode=2019CrRes..95..151T |s2cid=133937906|url-access=subscription}}</ref> ''Nanhsiungchelys'' and ''Anomalochelys'' are recovered as being in a clade together in nearly every analysis, and the same goes for the different species of ''Basilemys''. However, the placement of the different species of ''Zangerlia'' varies a lot between publications. Before the redescription of ''Nanhsiungchelys'' in 2018, the different species of ''Zangerlia'' were often recovered as being in a clade together, on the opposite side of the ''Basilemys''-clade. This can be seen in papers like Sullivan ''et al.'' (2013) and Sukhanov, Danilov & Syromyatnikova (2008).<ref>{{Citation|last1=Sullivan|first1=Robert M.|title=Re-Assessment of Late Campanian (Kirtlandian) Turtles from the Upper Cretaceous Fruitland and Kirtland Formations, San Juan Basin, New Mexico, USA|date=2013|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-94-007-4309-0_20|work=Morphology and Evolution of Turtles|pages=337–387|editor-last=Brinkman|editor-first=Donald B.|place=Dordrecht|publisher=Springer Netherlands|doi=10.1007/978-94-007-4309-0_20|isbn=978-94-007-4308-3|access-date=2022-01-30|last2=Jasinski|first2=Steven E.|last3=Lucas|first3=Spencer G.|editor2-last=Holroyd|editor2-first=Patricia A.|editor3-last=Gardner|editor3-first=James D.|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Sukhanov|first1=Vladimir B.|last2=Danilov|first2=Igor G.|last3=Syromyatnikova|first3=Elena V.|date=2008|title=The Description and Phylogenetic Position of a New Nanhsiungchelyid Turtle from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia|url=http://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app53-601.html|journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica|language=en|volume=53|issue=4|pages=601–614|doi=10.4202/app.2008.0405|s2cid=86585072|issn=0567-7920|doi-access=free}}</ref> However, the phylogenetic analysis in Tong & Li (2018) does not recover this clade, instead spreading the different species out in the tree, recovering the type species as closer to ''Adocus'' than the others, which are placed in the clade that includes ''Jiangxichelys'', ''Hanbogdemys'', ''Anomalochelys'' and ''Nanhsiungchelys''.<ref name=":0" />
Phylogeny after Tong & Li (2018) {{clade| style=font-size:85%; line-height:85%; |label1=[[Adocusia]] |1={{clade |1=''[[Adocus]]'' |2=''[[Zangerlia|Zangerlia testudinimorpha]]'' |label3=Nanhsiungchelyidae |3={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |label1=''[[Jiangxichelys]]'' |1={{clade |1=J. ''neimongolensis'' |2=J. ''ganzhouensis'' }} |2="''Zangerlia''" ''dzamynchondi'' }} |2="''Zangerlia''" ''ukhaachelys'' |3=''[[Hanbogdemys]]'' |4={{clade |1=''[[Anomalochelys]]'' |2=''[[Nanhsiungchelys]]'' }} }} |label2=''[[Basilemys]]'' |2={{clade |1=B. ''nobilis'' |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=B. ''variolosa'' }} |2={{clade |1=B. ''sinuosa'' |2=B. ''praeclara'' }} }} }} }} |4=''[[Kharakhutulia]]'' }} }} }}
==References== {{Portal|Paleontology}} {{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q21291035}} {{Testudines}}
[[Category:Nanhsiungchelyidae| ]] [[Category:Cretaceous turtles]] [[Category:Turtle families|†]] [[Category:Prehistoric reptile families]]