{{Short description|Galaxy in the constellation Hydra}} {{Infobox galaxy | name = [[New General Catalogue|NGC]] 5085 | image = NGC 5085 legacy dr10.jpg | caption = NGC 5085 imaged by Legacy Surveys | epoch = [[J2000]] | type = SA(s)c <ref name="ned">{{cite web | website=NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database | publisher = [[NASA]] and [[California Institute of Technology|Caltech]] | title=Results for object NGC 5085 | url=https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/byname?objname=NGC+5085 | access-date=25 February 2025 }}</ref> | ra = {{RA|13|20|17.7702}}<ref name="ned" /> | dec = {{DEC|-24|26|22.929}}<ref name="ned" /> | dist_ly = [[1 E22 m|90.7]] ± 31.9 [[light-year|Mly]] (27.8 ± 9.8 [[parsec|Mpc]])<ref name="ned" /> | z = 0.006525 ± 0.000010 <ref name="ned" /> | h_radial_v = 1,956 ± 3&nbsp;km/[[second|s]]<ref name="ned" /> | appmag_v = 11.7<ref>{{cite web |title=Revised NGC Data for NGC 5085 |url=https://spider.seds.org/ngc/revngcic.cgi?NGC5085 |website=spider.seds.org |access-date=30 March 2024}}</ref> | size_v = 3.4{{prime}} × 3.0{{prime}} <ref name="ned" /> | size = ~{{convert|40.3|kpc|ly|abbr=on|lk=on|order=flip}} (estimated){{r|ned}} | constellation name = [[Hydra (constellation)|Hydra]] | group_cluster = [[NGC 5078 Group]] | notes = | names = {{odlist | UGCA = 349 | MCG= -04-32-005 |name= ESO 508- G 050 |name2= AM 1317-241 | IRAS= 13175-2410 | PGC= 46531 }}{{r|ned}} }}

'''NGC 5085''' is a [[barred spiral galaxy]] in the constellation [[Hydra (constellation)|Hydra]]. The galaxy lies about 90&nbsp;million [[light years]] away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 5085 is approximately 130,000 light years across.<ref name="ned" /> It was discovered by [[William Herschel]] on March 26, 1789.<ref name="Seligman">{{cite web |last1=Seligman |first1=Courtney |title=NGC 5085 (= PGC 46531) |url=https://cseligman.com/text/atlas/ngc50a.htm#5085 |website=Celestial Atlas |access-date=19 November 2018}}</ref>

The galaxy has a small but bright [[galactic bulge|bulge]] with elliptical shape. Two prominent low-surface brightness [[spiral arm]]s emerge from the bulge in a [[grand design galaxy|grand design]] pattern. After about half a revolution the arms begin to branch. They can be traced for about a full revolution before fading.<ref name="Eskridge2002">{{cite journal |last1=Eskridge |first1=Paul B. |last2=Frogel |first2=Jay A. |last3=Pogge |first3=Richard W. |last4=Quillen |first4=Alice C. |last5=Berlind |first5=Andreas A. |last6=Davies |first6=Roger L. |last7=DePoy |first7=D. L. |last8=Gilbert |first8=Karoline M. |last9=Houdashelt |first9=Mark L. |last10=Kuchinski |first10=Leslie E. |last11=Ramirez |first11=Solange V. |last12=Sellgren |first12=K. |last13=Stutz |first13=Amelia |last14=Terndrup |first14=Donald M. |last15=Tiede |first15=Glenn P. |title=Near-Infrared and Optical Morphology of Spiral Galaxies |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |date=November 2002 |volume=143 |issue=1 |pages=73–111 |doi=10.1086/342340|arxiv=astro-ph/0206320 |bibcode=2002ApJS..143...73E }}</ref> The kinematics of the galaxy indicate that the arms start about 14 arcseconds from the nucleus while the symmetrical pattern ends a bit further away than the 42 arcseconds radius from the centre of the galaxy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=J. |first1=Grosbol, P. |last2=A. |first2=Patsis, P. |title=Stellar disks of optically flocculent and grand design spirals. Decoupling of stellar and gaseous disks |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |date=August 1998 |volume=336 |page=840 |bibcode=1998A&A...336..840G |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1998A%26A...336..840G |language=en |issn=0004-6361}}</ref> Dust lanes are visible running inside each of the two principal arms for the first half of their length. The outer disk has a [[flocculent spiral galaxy|flocculent pattern]] with many dust lanes and spiral fragments.<ref name=Carnegie>Sandage, A., Bedke, J. (1994), ''The Carnegie Atlas of Galaxies. Volume I'', Carnegie Institution of Washington</ref> There are many [[HII region]]s along both the inner and outer arms.<ref name="Eskridge2002"/> The [[star formation]] rate of the galaxy is estimated to be 3.4 {{solar mass}} per year.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Parkash |first1=Vaishali |last2=Brown |first2=Michael J. I. |last3=Jarrett |first3=T. H. |last4=Bonne |first4=Nicolas J. |title=Relationships between Hi Gas Mass, Stellar Mass, and the Star Formation Rate of HICAT+WISE (H i-WISE) Galaxies |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |date=1 September 2018 |volume=864 |issue=1 |pages=40 |doi=10.3847/1538-4357/aad3b9 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2018ApJ...864...40P |url=https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/nph-Cat/txt?J/ApJ/864/40/table8.dat.gz|arxiv=1807.06246 }}</ref>

NGC 5085 is a member of the [[NGC 5078 Group]], also known as LGG 341.<ref name="Makarov">{{cite journal|last1=Makarov|first1=Dmitry|last2=Karachentsev|first2=Igor|title=Galaxy groups and clouds in the local (z~ 0.01) Universe|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|date=21 April 2011|volume=412|issue=4|pages=2498–2520|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18071.x|doi-access=free |url=http://www.sao.ru/hq/dim/groups/galaxies.dat|bibcode=2011MNRAS.412.2498M|arxiv=1011.6277|s2cid=119194025|access-date=1 February 2025}}</ref> Other members of the group include [[NGC 5061]], IC 879, [[NGC 5078]], IC 874, IC 4231, and [[NGC 5101]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Garcia |first1=A. M. |title=General study of group membership. II. Determination of nearby groups. |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series |date=1 July 1993 |volume=100 |pages=47–90 |url=https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/J/A+AS/100/47/table2.dat |bibcode= 1993A&AS..100...47G |issn=0365-0138}}</ref> It lies in the same galaxy cloud as [[NGC 5084]].<ref name="Makarov"/>

== References == {{reflist}}

== External links == {{wikiSky}} *[http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=NGC%205085 NGC 5085 on SIMBAD]

{{Ngc55}} {{Hydra (constellation)}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:NGC 5085}} [[Category:Unbarred spiral galaxies]] [[Category:Hydra (constellation)]] [[Category:NGC objects|5085]] [[Category:UGCA objects]] [[Category:MCG objects|-04-32-005]] [[Category:Principal Galaxies Catalogue objects|46531]] [[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1789]] [[Category:Discoveries by William Herschel]]