National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos"

{{Infobox institute | name = National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos" | image = Entrance of Institute of nuclear and particle physics NCSR Demokritos.jpg | caption = Entrance of Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics NCSR Demokritos | established = July 1961 | chairman = Georgios Nounesis | staff = 180 Researchers, 500 Research Personnel <ref name=":0" /> | former_name = Research Centre for Nuclear Research "Demokritos" | location = [[Agia Paraskevi]] | city = [[Athens]] | country = [[Greece]] | coordinates = {{coord|37.9991368|23.8178859|type:landmark_region:GR|display=inline,title}} | website = https://www.demokritos.gr/ }}

The '''National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos"''' ('''NCSRD'''; {{langx|el|Εθνικό Κέντρο Έρευνας Φυσικών Επιστημών (ΕΚΕΦΕ) "Δημόκριτος"}}) is a research center in [[Greece]], employing over 1,000 researchers, engineers, technicians and administrative personnel. It focuses on several fields of [[Natural science|natural sciences]] and engineering and hosts laboratory facilities.

The facilities cover approximately {{convert|150|acres|abbr=off}} of land at [[Aghia Paraskevi]], [[Athens]], ten kilometers from the center of the city, on the northern side of [[Hymettus]] mountain. The buildings cover an area of approximately 35.000 m{{sup|2}} (8.6 acres).

The NCSRD is a self-administered governmental legal entity, under the supervision of the General Secretariat of Research and Innovation of the [[Ministry of Development and Investment (Greece)|Ministry of Development and Investment]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=About us - NCSRD |url=https://www.demokritos.gr/about-us/ |access-date=27 September 2024 |website=www.demokritos.gr}}</ref>

== History == The Centre was established in 1961 as an independent division of the public sector under the name ''Research Centre for Nuclear Research "Demokritos"'', named in honour of the Greek philosopher [[Democritus]].<ref name=":0" /> In 1985 it was renamed and given self-governing jurisdiction under the auspices of the General Secretariat of Research and Technology. The original objective of the newly created center was the advancement of [[Nuclear research|nuclear research and technology]] for peaceful purposes. Today, its activities cover several fields of science and engineering.

==Research Institutes== [[File:Nuclear accelerator in NCSR Demokritos.jpg|thumb|right|Ion Accelerator Tandem]] The research activities of the centre are conducted in six administratively independent institutes:

*Institute of [[Informatics]] and [[Telecommunications]] ([https://www.iit.demokritos.gr/ IIT]) *Institute of [[Biosciences]] and Applications ([http://bio.demokritos.gr/ IBA]) *Institute of [[Nuclear physics|Nuclear]] and [[Particle physics|Particle Physics]] ([http://www.inp.demokritos.gr/ INPP]) *Institute of Nanoscience and [[Nanotechnology]] ([https://inn.demokritos.gr/ INN]) *Institute of [[Nuclear science|Nuclear]] & Radiological Sciences and Technology, Energy & Safety ([https://inrastes.demokritos.gr/ INRASTES]) *Institute of [[Quantum computing|Quantum Computing]] and [[Quantum technology|Quantum Technology]] ([https://qi.demokritos.gr/ IQCQT])

The INPP at Demokritos operates Greece's only [[nuclear reactor]], a 5 MW research reactor.

==The Environmental Research Laboratory (EREL)== The EREL is part of the Institute of Nuclear Technology - Radiation Protection (INT-RP) and it is one of the largest scientific research teams in Greece dealing with [[environmental research]]. The staff consists of 13 Ph.D. and 5 M.Sc. scientists, 4 Ph.D. students, 1 technician and 1 administrative assistant.

The research and development activities of the EREL include:

*[[Weather forecasting|Weather Forecasting]] *Urban [[air quality]] *[[Emission inventory|Emissions inventories]] *Air quality measurement, analysis and predictions *[[Atmospheric dispersion modeling|Air pollutant dispersion modelling]]<ref>{{cite book|author=Turner, D.B.|title=Workbook of atmospheric dispersion estimates: an introduction to dispersion modeling|edition=2nd|publisher=CRC Press|year=1994|isbn=1-56670-023-X|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/workbookofatmosp0000turn}} [http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=L1023&parent_id=&pc= www.crcpress.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105075907/http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=L1023&parent_id=&pc= |date=2007-11-05 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Beychok, M.R.|title=[[Fundamentals Of Stack Gas Dispersion]]|edition=4th|publisher=author-published|year=2005|isbn=0-9644588-0-2}} [http://www.air-dispersion.com www.air-dispersion.com]</ref> over terrain of high complexity on local, urban and regional scales. *Transport in porous media and characterization of porous materials *[[Soil remediation]]

===The DETRACT atmospheric dispersion modeling system=== The DETRACT [[atmospheric dispersion modelling]] system, developed by the EREL, is an integrated set of modules for modelling air pollution dispersion over highly complex terrain.

==The Media Networks Laboratory== The Laboratory is a part of the “Digital Communications” research programme of the Institute of Informatics and Telecommunications, NCSR “Demokritos”. It is located in the premises of NCSR in [[Athens]], Greece and employs high-qualified research personnel, specialised in networking and multimedia technologies. The laboratory has been active for more than a decade in a number of national and European research projects, following the reputation of the Institute of Informatics and Telecommunication in the global research communities. In this context, it maintains close collaboration with Greek and international partners, both industrial and academic. The research achievements of the laboratory are reflected in a considerable number of publications in journals and conferences.

The lab pioneered in 2001 by developing the first digital television platform to support fully interactive services in Greece (and one of the first ones in Europe).

== Gallery== <gallery class="center"> File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Ιοντικού επιταχυντή 10.jpg|Ion Accelerator Tandem File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Ιοντικού επιταχυντή 2.jpg|Ion Accelerator Tandem File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Ιοντικός επιταχυντής Tandem.jpeg|Ion Accelerator Tandem File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Ιοντικού επιταχυντή 7.jpg|Laboratory of Ion Accelerator File:Institute of nuclear and particle physics 00048 REP SDR-62 (0659).jpg|Laboratory of [[Ion accelerator|Ion Accelerator]] File:Institute of nuclear and particle physics 00048 REP SDR-85 (0727).jpg|Laboratory of Ion Accelerator File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος εργαστήριο Ιοντικού επιταχυντή Tandem 4.jpeg|Control panel of Ion Accelerator Tandem File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος εργαστήριο Ιοντικού επιταχυντή Tandem.jpeg|Laboratory of Ion Accelerator Tandem File:Van de Graf Electrostatic Accellerator (NCSR Demokritos).jpg|Van de Graf Electrostatic Accelerator File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Παθοβιολογίας 1.jpg|Pathobiology Laboratory-precision weighing instrument File:00048 REP SDR-8 (0560).jpg|Pathobiology Laboratory-precision weighing instrument File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο NMR.jpeg|Pathobiology Laboratory File:Εργαστήριο NMR - ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος.jpeg|Pathobiology Laboratory File:Εργαστήριο NMR-ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος.jpeg|Pathobiology Laboratory File:00048 REP SDR cell culture-41 (0595).jpg|Lab of pathobiology cells and extracellular matrix-Efferent cell culture File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Παθοβιολογίας κυττάρων και εξωκυττάριου χώρου 3.jpg|Lab of pathobiology cells and extracellular matrix File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Παθοβιολογίας κυττάρων και εξωκυττάριου χώρου 5.jpg|Lab of pathobiology cells and extracellular matrix File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Παθοβιολογίας κυττάρων και εξωκυττάριου χώρου 4.jpg|Lab of pathobiology cells and extracellular matrix File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Συνεστιακό Μικροσκόπιο 2.jpg|Laboratory of Confocal Microscope File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Συνεστιακό Μικροσκόπιο 1.jpg|Laboratory of Confocal Microscope File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Μοριακής Διαγνωστικής 5.jpg|Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Μοριακής Διαγνωστικής 1.jpg|Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics File:ΕΚΕΦΕ Δημόκριτος Εργαστήριο Μοριακής Διαγνωστικής 3.jpg|Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics </gallery>

==See also== *[[Atmospheric dispersion modelling]] *[[List of atmospheric dispersion models]] *[[Czech Hydrometeorological Institute]] *[[Finnish Meteorological Institute]] *[[List of nuclear reactors]] *[[List of research institutes in Greece]] *[[Met Office|Met Office, the UK meteorological service]] *[[National Center for Atmospheric Research]] *[[National Environmental Research Institute of Denmark|NERI, the National Environmental Research Institute of Denmark]] *[[NILU|NILU, the Norwegian Institute for Air Research]] *[[UK Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling Liaison Committee]] *[[UK Dispersion Modelling Bureau]]

==References==

==External links== *[https://www.demokritos.gr/ NCSR Demokritos official website] {{in lang|el|en}} *[https://www.iit.demokritos.gr/ Institute of Informatics and Telecommunications (IIT) official website] *[https://inrastes.demokritos.gr/laboratories/environmental-research-laboratory/ Environmental Research Laboratory (EREL) official website] {{in lang|el|en}} *[https://www.smartattica.eu/ Smart Attica, A Member of the European Digital Innovation Hub (EDIH)] {{in lang|el|en}} *[https://medianetlab.gr/ Media Networks Laboratory official website] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20220308111544/http://milos.ipta.demokritos.gr/DIPCOT.htm Website devoted to the DIPCOT dispersion model] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210512213052/http://milos.ipta.demokritos.gr/Detract.htm Website devoted to the DETRACT dispersion modeling system]

{{DEFAULTSORT:National Centre of Scientific Research DEMOKRITOS}} [[Category:Scientific organizations established in 1959]] [[Category:1959 establishments in Greece]] [[Category:Research institutes in Greece]] [[Category:Nuclear technology in Greece]] [[Category:Nuclear research institutes]] [[Category:Multidisciplinary research institutes]] [[Category:Atmospheric dispersion modeling]] [[Category:Organizations based in Athens]] [[Category:Agia Paraskevi]]