{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}} {{Infobox_gene}} '''N-acetyltransferase 2 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase)''', also known as '''NAT2''', is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the ''NAT2'' gene.<ref name="pmid7773298">{{cite journal | vauthors = Vatsis KP, Weber WW, Bell DA, Dupret JM, Evans DA, Grant DM, Hein DW, Lin HJ, Meyer UA, Relling MV, Sim E, Suzuki T, Yamazoe Y | title = Nomenclature for N-acetyltransferases | journal = Pharmacogenetics | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–17 | date = February 1995 | pmid = 7773298 | doi = 10.1097/00008571-199502000-00001 }}</ref>
== Function ==
This gene encodes a type of N-acetyltransferase. The NAT2 isozyme functions to both activate and deactivate arylamine and hydrazine drugs and carcinogens. Polymorphisms in this gene are responsible for the N-acetylation polymorphism in which human populations segregate into rapid, intermediate, and slow acetylator phenotypes. Polymorphisms in NAT2 are also associated with higher incidences of cancer and drug toxicity. A second arylamine N-acetyltransferase gene (NAT1) is located near NAT2.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: NAT2 N-acetyltransferase 2 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10}}</ref>
== Phenotype prediction ==
The NAT2 acetylator phenotype can be inferred from NAT2 genotype (a combination of SNPs observed in a given individual).<ref name="urlNAT2PRED: a computational predictor of the human N-AcetylTransferase-2 (NAT2) acetylator phenotype">{{cite web | url = http://nat2pred.rit.albany.edu/ | title = NAT2PRED: a computational predictor of the human N-AcetylTransferase-2 (NAT2) acetylator phenotype | publisher = State University of New York – Albany | access-date = 2009-04-30 | archive-date = 2009-05-22 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090522022240/http://nat2pred.rit.albany.edu/ | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="pmid19261719">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kuznetsov IB, McDuffie M, Moslehi R | title = A web server for inferring the human N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT2) enzymatic phenotype from NAT2 genotype | journal = Bioinformatics | volume = 25 | issue = 9 | pages = 1185–6 | date = May 2009 | pmid = 19261719 | pmc = 2672629 | doi = 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp121 }}</ref><ref name="pmid18680472">{{cite journal | vauthors = Agúndez JA | title = Polymorphisms of human N-acetyltransferases and cancer risk | journal = Curr. Drug Metab. | volume = 9 | issue = 6 | pages = 520–31 | year = 2008 | pmid = 18680472 | doi = 10.2174/138920008784892083}}</ref><ref name="pmid18680465">{{cite journal | vauthors = Agúndez JA | title = N-acetyltransferases: lessons learned from eighty years of research | journal = Curr. Drug Metab. | volume = 9 | issue = 6 | pages = 463–4 | year = 2008 | pmid = 18680465 | doi = 10.2174/138920008784892146}}</ref>
== References == {{reflist}}
== Further reading == {{refbegin | 2}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Vatsis KP, Weber WW, Bell DA, Dupret JM, Evans DA, Grant DM, Hein DW, Lin HJ, Meyer UA, Relling MV | title = Nomenclature for N-acetyltransferases | journal = Pharmacogenetics | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–17 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7773298 | doi = 10.1097/00008571-199502000-00001 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Windmill KF, McKinnon RA, Zhu X, Gaedigk A, Grant DM, McManus ME | title = The role of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in arylamine toxicity and carcinogenesis: functional and localization studies | journal = Mutat. Res. | volume = 376 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 153–60 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9202751 | doi = 10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00038-9 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Lan Q, Rothman N, Chow WH, Lissowska J, Doll MA, Xiao GH, Zatonski W, Hein DW | title = No apparent association between NAT1 and NAT2 genotypes and risk of stomach cancer | journal = Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. | volume = 12 | issue = 4 | pages = 384–6 | year = 2003 | pmid = 12692115 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Ochs-Balcom HM, Wiesner G, Elston RC | title = A meta-analysis of the association of N-acetyltransferase 2 gene (NAT2) variants with breast cancer | journal = Am. J. Epidemiol. | volume = 166 | issue = 3 | pages = 246–54 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17535831 | doi = 10.1093/aje/kwm066 | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Sanderson S, Salanti G, Higgins J | title = Joint effects of the N-acetyltransferase 1 and 2 (NAT1 and NAT2) genes and smoking on bladder carcinogenesis: a literature-based systematic HuGE review and evidence synthesis | journal = Am. J. Epidemiol. | volume = 166 | issue = 7 | pages = 741–51 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17675654 | doi = 10.1093/aje/kwm167 | doi-access = free }} {{refend}}
== External links == * {{UCSC genome browser|NAT2}} * {{UCSC gene details|NAT2}} * [http://nat.mbg.duth.gr/ The Arylamine N-acetyltransferase Gene Nomenclature Committee homepage] * [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/pdbe-kb/proteins/P11245 PDBe-KB] provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=10}}
Category:Human proteins
{{gene-8-stub}}