Musashino Line

The Musashino Line (武蔵野線, Musashino-sen) is a railway line operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It links Tsurumi Station in Yokohama with Nishi-Funabashi Station in Chiba Prefecture, forming a 100.6 km (62.5 mi) unclosed loop around central Tokyo. Passenger operations are limited to the 71.8 km (44.6 mi) portion between and Nishi-Funabashi; the Tsurumi to Fuchūhommachi portion, called the "Musashino South Line", is normally used only by freight trains. The line forms part of what JR East refers to as the "Tokyo Mega Loop" (Japanese: 東京メガループ) around Tokyo, consisting of the Keiyō Line, Musashino Line, Nambu Line, and Yokohama Line.^[2]

Services

Most services on the Musashino Line are local trains making all stops. Some trains continue through the Keiyō Line past Nishi-Funabashi to , or .

Other services include:

• Musashino: services operated between Fuchūhommachi/Hachiōji and
• Shimōsa: services operated between and /
• Holiday Kaisoku Kamakura seasonal service between and
• Burari Kamakura and Yokohama Bay Area seasonal service between and
• Burari Takao Sansaku seasonal service between and

Station list

Tsurumi Station is considered to be the origin of the Musashino Line; trains going clockwise (toward Nishi-Funabashi) are therefore referred to as heading "down" (下り, kudari), while trains going counter-clockwise (toward Fuchūhommachi) are heading "up" (上り, nobori). This is often counterintuitive, as it results in through trains to Tokyo being labeled and numbered as "down" trains while on the Musashino Line; however, such trains switch to "up" after joining the Keiyō Line.

All eastbound (for Nishi-Funabashi) passenger trains begin service at Fuchū-Hommachi Station. Details of the Musashino South Line and other branch lines, which are freight-only sections, can be found below the passenger station list.

Musashino Line (passenger)

Notes:

1. ^ Ōmekaidō Station is approximately 10 minutes walk from Shin-Kodaira Station.

Musashino Freight Branch Lines

Rolling stock

• 209-500 series eight-car EMUs (since December 2010)
• E231-0 series eight-car EMUs (since November 2017)
• E231-900 series eight-car EMU (since 20 July 2020)^[3]

Three 209-500 series sets were transferred from the Keiyō Line in 2010-2011, where they were displaced by new E233-5000 series sets and reduced from ten to eight cars per set;^[4] eight additional sets were transferred from the Chūō–Sōbu Line in 2018-2019. Between 2017 and 2020, E231-0 series sets were transferred from the Chūō–Sōbu Line and the Jōban Line and reduced from ten to eight cars per set to replace the 205 series.^[5] In July 2020, the sole E231-900 series set was also transferred from the Chūō–Sōbu Line and reduced from ten to eight cars.^[6]

Former

• 101-1000 series 6-car EMUs (1 April 1973 - 26 October 1986)^[2]
• 103 series 6-car, later 8-car EMUs (June 1980 - 8 December 2005)^[2]
• 201 series 6-car EMUs (from 3 March 1986 - November 1996)^[2]
• 205-0 series 8-car EMUs (from December 1991 - October 2019)
• 205-5000 series 8-car EMUs (from 2002 - 19 October 2020)

165 and 169 series EMUs were used on Shinkansen Relay services and later Musashino rapid services until 2002. 115 series EMUs were used on Musashino services from 2002 until the services were downgraded to all-stations "Local" status in December 2010. The 205-0 series sets were built from new for the Musashino Line, entering service from 1 December 1991,^[2] and have six motored cars per eight-car set.^[4] These were the last 205 series sets to be built from new.^[2] The 205-5000 series sets were modified between 2002 and 2008 from displaced former Yamanote Line sets by adding new VVVF-controlled AC motors, and have four motored cars per eight-car set.^[4] 205 series trains, both 205-0 and 205-5000 series, were withdrawn from Musashino Line and currently operated in Indonesia.

Freight

Locomotive types seen hauling freight trains include the Class EF64, Class EF65, Class EF66, Class EF81, Class EF200, Class EF210, Class EH200, Class EH500, Class DE10, and Class HD300.

History

The Musashino Line was initially envisioned as a "Tokyo Outer Loop Line" in a 1927 railway appropriations bill, but was not built for several decades due to World War II and its aftermath.^{[citation needed]} Construction finally began in November 1965.^[2]

In 1967, a train carrying jet fuel to Tachikawa Air Base in western Tokyo exploded while passing through Shinjuku Station^{[citation needed]}. This disaster led to the banning of freight trains on railway lines in central Tokyo and sped the development of the Musashino Line as an alternative route^{[citation needed]}. Because most of the line passed through sparsely populated areas, it was initially envisioned as a freight-only line. However, opposition from local residents, at the same time as the violent landowner battles plaguing Narita International Airport, led the railway authorities to agree to passenger service as well.

The first section of the line between and opened on 1 April 1973.^[4] Train services were operated using 6-car 101-1000 series EMUs, which were modified specially for the line to comply with government regulations concerning fire resistance of trains operating through long tunnels, as the line included the 4,380 m (14,370 ft) Higashi-Murayama Tunnel (東村山トンネル) between Shin-Kodaira and Shin-Akitsu stations, and the 2,563 m (8,409 ft) Kodaira Tunnel (小平トンネル) between Shin-Kodaira and Nishi-Kokubunji stations.^[2] Services operated at 15-minute intervals in the morning peak, and at 40-minute intervals during the daytime off-peak.^[2]

The southern freight-only line from Fuchū-Hommachi to Tsurumi opened on 1 March 1976.^[4] The eastern section of the line from Shin-Matsudo to opened on 2 October 1978.^[4]

Inter-running to and from the Keiyo Line commenced on 1 December 1988.^[4]

From the start of the 1 December 1996 timetable revision, all of the Musashino Line 103 series sets were lengthened from six to eight cars.^[2]

On 20 August 2016, station numbering was introduced with stations on the Musashino line being assigned station numbers between JM10 and JM35.^[7][8] Numbers increase in the counter-clockwise direction towards Fuchu-Hommachi.

Future plans

In June 2025, JR East and Seibu Railway announced a plan to enable through service between the Seibu Ikebukuro Line to the Musashino and Keiyo Lines by fiscal 2028.^[9] The service would be achieved through a junction near Shin-Akitsu Station on the Musashino Line.

See also

• Osaka Higashi Line, envisioned as a counterpart in the Osaka area
• Aichi Loop Line, counterpart around Nagoya

References

1. ^ "平成27年 大都市交通センサス 首都圏報告書". P.92. 国土交通省.
2. ^ Saka, Masayuki (August 2014). "ja:東京メガループ 車両・路線の沿革と現況" [Tokyo Megaloop: History and current situation of trains and line] (in Japanese). Tetsudō Daiya Jōhō Magazine. Vol. 43, no. 364. Japan: Kōtsū Shimbun. pp. 28–39.
3. ^ "【元209系】E231系900番台試作車・MU1編成として武蔵野線で"再出発"" [[Former 209 series] E231-900 series prototype train restarts on Musashino Line as MU1]. 20 July 2020.
4. ^ ja: 首都圏鉄道完全ガイド 主要JR路線編 [Tokyo Area Complete Railway Guide - Major JR Lines]. Japan: Futabasha. 6 December 2013. pp. 87–97. ISBN 978-4-575-45414-7.
5. ^ "ja: 武蔵野線にE231系が登場" [E231 series appears on the Musashino Line] (in Japanese). Japan Railfan Magazine. Vol. 58, no. 681. Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd. January 2018. p. 52.
6. ^ "【JR東】E231系元ミツB901編成大宮総合車両センター出場回送" [[JR East]E231 series former set B901 exited Omiya Rolling Stock Center]. 10 July 2020.
7. ^ "⾸都圏エリアへ 「駅ナンバリング」を導⼊します" [Introduce “station numbering” to the Tokyo metropolitan area] (in Japanese). jreast.co.jp. 6 April 2016. Archived 7 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
8. ^ Kusamachi, Yoshikazu (7 April 2016). "JA・JK・JT・AKB…JR東日本、首都圏で駅ナンバリングなど導入へ" [JA, JK, JT, AKB … JR East to introduce station numbering in the Tokyo metropolitan area] (in Japanese). Response Automotive Media. Archived 6 August 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
9. ^ "西武池袋線とJRが初の直通運転、2028年度めどに…所沢駅と武蔵野線・新秋津駅の連絡線活用案" (in Japanese). Yomiuri Shimbun. 2025-06-09. Retrieved 2025-06-09.

External links

• Stations of the Musashino Line (JR East) (in Japanese)