{{Short description|Protected landscape area in Burundi}} {{Infobox forest | name = Murehe Forest | native_name = Forêt de Murehe | native_lang = fr | native_name2 = | native_lang2 = | image = | image_caption = | image_size = | map = Burundi | map_caption = | relief = yes | map_width = | coordinates = {{coord|-2.3800|30.2325|region:BI_type:forest|display=it}} | county = | region = Kirundo Province | country = Burundi | elevation = | area = {{cvt|3075|ha}} | max_area = | date_max_area = | status = | established = | visitation = | visitation_year = | events = | authority = | website = | ecosystem = | classification_WWF = | classification_EPA = | classification_CEC = | disturbance = | forest_cover = | species = | indicator_plants = | lesser_flora = | fauna = }} The '''Murehe Forest''' ({{langx|fr|'''Forêt de Murehe'''}}; {{coord|-2.3800|30.2325}}) is an area of forest in the north of the Kirundo Province of Burundi. It is protected by the '''Murehe Reserve''' ({{langx|fr|'''Réserve de Murehe'''}}), part of the Lacs du Nord Aquatic Landscape.
==Location== The Victoria Basin forest–savanna mosaic centers around Lake Victoria and extends through parts of Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi. The portion of this ecosystem in Burundi in limited to the northeast, and includes the Ruvubu National Park and the Murehe Forest Reserve.{{sfn|USAID/Burundi 2022|p=14}}
The Muhere Forest is in the north of Kirundo Province, to the west of Lake Rweru and east of the RN 14 highway, which crosses into Rwanda to the north of Gasenyi.{{sfn|Node: Foret de Murehe}} It is in the Commune of Busoni in the ''collines'' of Munazi, Kivo, Yanza, Gatete and Vyanzo.{{sfn|Nzigidahera|Fofo|Misigaro|2005|p=5}} The collines of Muhere have the form of domes separated by small valleys. The highest points are {{convert|1565|m}} above sea level, and the lowlands are {{convert|1327|to|1343|m}} above sea level.{{sfn|Nzigidahera|Fofo|Misigaro|2005|p=11}}
==Protection==
The Managed Reserve of Lake Rwihinda, covering {{convert|425|ha}}, was created by a decree of 1980, protecting the birds on this lake. In 1993 it was suggested that protection should be extended to the Muhere Forest. However, only one guard was assigned to monitor what he called the Murehe Reserve, at that time thought to cover over {{convert|6000|ha}}. A plan for a Northern Aquatic Landscape (''Paysage Aquatique du Nord'') was issued in 2005, proposing to create a Protected Aquatic Landscape and a Strict Nature Reserve from Murehe to Bugesera.{{sfn|Paysage Aquatique du Nord Etude}}
The Lacs du Nord Aquatic Landscape Protected Area was created in 2006, expanding on the Lake Rwihinda protected area. In theory this conserves over {{convert|30,000|ha}} of aquatic environment with integrated community management, agricultural production, and lake conservation. It includes the integrated Natural Reserve of Murehe; the managed Reserves of Lake Rwihinda, Lake Rweru and Lake Cohoha, and the integrated protected zones of Lake Gacamirinda, Lake Mwungere, Lake Nagitamo, and Lake Kanzigiri.{{sfn|BurundiEnvironmentalThreats|p=35}} However, coltan and cassiterite extraction have been reported in the Murehe Reserve, which degrades fish habitat in the nearby lakes.{{sfn|BurundiEnvironmentalThreats|p=23}} The Murehe forest is also threatened by encroachment.{{sfn|USAID/Burundi 2022|p=56}}
The total area of the Protected Northern Aquatic Landscape covered by the Ramsar Convention is {{convert|16,242|ha}}, including eight lakes and the Murehe Reserve, which now covers just {{convert|3075|ha}}.{{sfn|Fiche descriptive ... Ramsar|p=3}} The protected landscape was formally created by decree on 12 April 2011.{{sfn|Décret n°100-114}} The Kagera Aquatic Zone's Management Plan issued in 2011 aims to improve management of the lakes and marshlands, and of the vegetation in the Murehe Forest area. Lake Mwungere is considered an Integral Zone under this plan, which includes lake Gacamirina and Lake Nagitamo, and marshlands in the secondary valleys of the Akanyaru River. Human influence should be excluded from the zone by a {{convert|50|m}} belt to protect the natural species.{{sfn|Kagera TAMP FAO}}
==References== {{reflist|25em}}
==Sources== {{refbegin}} * {{citation |url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/pnaeb430.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222082920/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/pnaeb430.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=9 June 2024 |date=September 2010 |publisher=United States Agency for International Development (USAID) |title=Burundi Environmental Threats and Opportunities Assessment (ETOA) |ref={{harvid|BurundiEnvironmentalThreats}}}} * {{citation |url=https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/en/c/LEX-FAOC143164/ |access-date=9 June 2024 |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization |ref={{harvid|Décret n°100-114}} |title=Décret n°100-114 du 12 avril 2011 portant délimitation du paysage aquatique protégé du nord. |date=12 April 2011}} * {{citation |url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/RISapp/files/RISrep/BI2149RIS.pdf |access-date=9 June 2024 |ref={{harvid|Fiche descriptive ... Ramsar}} |title=Fiche descriptive sur les zones humides Ramsar (FDR) |language=fr |date=14 March 2013}} * {{citation |url=https://www.fao.org/nr/kagera/news-archive/news-detail/en/c/87198/ |access-date=9 June 2024 |publisher=FAO |ref={{harvid|Kagera TAMP FAO}} |title=Kagera TAMP - Bugesera aquatic landscapes endowed with a management plan |date=8 July 2011 |location=Kirundo province, Burundi}} *{{citation |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/node/6852606514#map=13/-2.3943/30.2404 |access-date=9 June 2024 |title=Node: Foret de Murehe (6852606514) |work=OpenStreetMap |date=4 October 2019 |ref={{harvid|Node: Foret de Murehe}}}} *{{citation |url=https://bi.chm-cbd.net/sites/bi/files/2020-12/paysage-aquatique-nord-bi.pdf |access-date=9 June 2024 |language=fr |title=Paysage Aquatique Protege du Nord du Burundi – Etude D'identification |last1=Nzigidahera |first1=Benoît |last2=Fofo |first2=Alphonse |last3=Misigaro |first3=Apollinaire |date=August 2005}} * {{citation |url=https://bi.chm-cbd.net/fr/implementation/documents-envir-biodiv/paysage-aquatique-identification |access-date=9 June 2024 |work=Biodiversité du Burundi |title=Paysage Aquatique du Nord : Etude d'identification |language=fr |date=1 July 2005 |ref={{harvid|Paysage Aquatique du Nord Etude}}}} * {{citation |url=https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00ZHBF.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801164020/https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PA00ZHBF.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 1, 2023 |access-date=9 June 2024 |ref={{harvid|USAID/Burundi 2022}} |title=USAID/Burundi Foreign Assistance Act Sections 118/119 Tropical Forests and Biodiversity Analysis |date=June 2022}} {{refend}}
Category:Protected areas of Burundi Category:Forests of Burundi Category:Environment of Kirundo Province