{{Short description|List of municipalities of Mexican state}} thumb|250px|alt=Map of Mexico with Colima highlighted|Map of Mexico with Colima highlighted thumb|250px|Municipalities of Colima
Colima is a state in western Mexico that is divided into ten municipalities.<ref name="census2020">{{cite web|url=https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/scitel/Default?ev=9|title=Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020 - SCITEL|language=es|publisher=INEGI|access-date=2021-01-27}}</ref> According to the 2020 INEGI census, it has the smallest population of all Mexico's states with {{nts|731391}} inhabitants, and is the fifth smallest by land area spanning {{convert|5801.75|km2|sqmi}}.<ref name="census2020" /><ref name="Landarea" />
Municipalities in Colima are administratively autonomous of the state according to the 115th article of the 1917 Constitution of Mexico.<ref name="constitution">{{cite act |title=Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos |type= |number= |language=Spanish |date=1917 |article=115 |article-type=Article |page= |url=https://www.juridicas.unam.mx/legislacion/ordenamiento/constitucion-politica-de-los-estados-unidos-mexicanos#10668 |access-date=September 27, 2017 }}</ref> The legal framework for Colima's municipalities is provided by Title VII of the state Constitution<ref name=ColimaConstitution>{{cite act |url=http://congresocol.gob.mx/web/Sistema/uploads/LegislacionEstatal/Constitucion/constitucion_local_25nov2017.pdf |title=Constitución Política del Estado Libre y Soberano de Colima |article=VII |article-type=Title |language=es |date=November 25, 2017 |access-date=January 1, 2018}}</ref> and the 2001 Law of Free Municipalities in the State of Colima.<ref name=freemuni>{{cite web |url=http://www.ieecolima.org.mx/leyes/municipio_libre.pdf |title=Ley del Municipio Libre del Estado de Colima |language=es |publisher=Directorate of Legislative Processes, Colima State Congress |date=September 10, 2016 |access-date=January 1, 2018}}</ref> Every three years, citizens elect a municipal president (Spanish: ''presidente municipal'') by a plurality voting system who heads a concurrently elected municipal council (''ayuntamiento'') responsible for providing all the public services for their constituents. The municipal council consists of a variable number of trustees and councillors (''regidores y síndicos'').<ref>{{cite book |last=OECD |author-link=OECD |date=November 12, 2004|title=New Forms of Governance for Economic Development|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tBC7MYzs_woC&pg=PA121 |publisher=OECD Publishing |page=121 |isbn=978-9264015326 }}</ref> Municipalities are responsible for public services (such as water and sewerage), street lighting, public safety, traffic, and the maintenance of public parks, gardens and cemeteries.<ref name="Mexicolaws">{{cite book |last=International Business Publications |date=2009 |title=Mexico Company Laws and Regulations Handbook |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ENsRpYrGTOQC |page=42 |publisher=International Business Publications, USA |isbn=978-1-4330-7030-3 }}</ref> They may also assist the state and federal governments in education, emergency fire and medical services, environmental protection and maintenance of monuments and historical landmarks. Since 1984, they have had the power to collect property taxes and user fees, although more funds are obtained from the state and federal governments than from their own income.<ref name="Mexicolaws" />
Article 88 of the state Constitution and Articles 11, 60 and 61 of the state's Law of Free Municipalities provide for the establishment of auxiliary authorities (''autoridades auxiliares'') to represent communities in the municipalities other than the municipal seat (''cabecera'').<ref name=ColimaConstitution/><ref name=freemuni/> These are elected by residents of the communities every three years, and are unipersonal except in rural communities with a population over 2,000 inhabitants, which elect boards (''juntas'') comprising a president, secretary and treasurer.<ref name=freemuni/><ref>{{cite book |last=Polo Martínez |first=Humberto |date=November 2012 |title=Administración pública comunitaria y gobierno local en México: Las autoridades auxiliares municipales |language=es |publisher=National Institute of Public Administration |url=http://www.inap.mx/portal/images/pdf/book/67282.pdf |page=145 |isbn=978-607-9026-26-4 |access-date=January 1, 2018}}</ref> Auxiliary authorities serve as liaisons between local communities and the municipal government. They do not have executive powers<ref>{{cite book |date=2010 |title=Organización Democrática del Cabildo |language=es |publisher=SEDESOL |url=http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/models/inafed/Resource/322/1/images/Organizacion_Cabildo2.pdf |page=13 |access-date=January 1, 2018}}</ref> and do not constitute an independent level of local government.<ref name=ColimaConstitution/>
The largest municipality by population in Colima is Manzanillo, with 191,031 residents, and the smallest municipality is Ixtlahuacán with 5,623 residents.<ref name="census2020" /> The largest municipality by area is also Manzanillo which spans {{convert|1361.291|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|abbr=on}}, while Villa de Álvarez is the smallest at {{convert|288.694|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Landarea /> The first municipality to incorporate was Colima on {{dts|June 21, 1823}}, and the newest municipality is Armería which incorporated {{dts|June 3, 1967}}.<ref name="Incorporationdate" />
== Municipalities == <gallery caption="Largest municipalities in Colima by population" mode=packed heights=170> File:Beach_West_of_Karmina_Palace_-_panoramio.jpg|alt=Manzanillo Bay|Manzanillo, Colima's largest municipality by population File:Basílica Menor de Colima.jpg|alt=Basílica Menor de Colima|Colima, capital and second largest municipality by population File:Villa d Alvarez.JPG|alt=Downtown Villa de Álvarez|Villa de Álvarez, third largest municipality by population. </gallery> <onlyinclude> {{legend2|#CCF| State capital |border=1px solid #AAAAAA|text={{dagger|alt=State capital}} }} {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;" |- |+{{sronly|Municipalities of Colima}} |- !scope="col" rowspan=2| Name !scope="col" rowspan=2| Municipal seat !scope="col" rowspan=2| Population<br>(2020)<ref name="census2020" /> !scope="col" rowspan=2| Population<br>(2010)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.beta.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/proyectos/ccpv/2010/tabulados/Basico/01_01B_MUNICIPAL_06.pdf|title=Localidades y su población por municipio según tamaño de localidad|publisher=INEGI|language=es|date=February 28, 2011|access-date=July 15, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814170054/http://www.beta.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/proyectos/ccpv/2010/tabulados/Basico/01_01B_MUNICIPAL_06.pdf|archive-date=August 14, 2018|df=mdy-all}}</ref> !scope="col" rowspan=2| Change !scope="col" data-sort-type="number" colspan=2| Land area <ref name="Landarea">{{cite web |url=http://www.microrregiones.gob.mx/zap/Default.aspx?entra=nacion&valor=06 |title=Unidad de Microrregiones, Cédulas de Información Municipal (SCIM)|publisher=SEDESOL |language= es| access-date=November 18, 2017}}</ref> !scope="col" data-sort-type="number" rowspan=2| Population density<br>(2020) !scope="col" rowspan=2| Incorporation date<ref name="Incorporationdate">{{cite book |date=1996 |title=Estado de Colima. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 |page=67 |url= http://internet.contenidos.inegi.org.mx/contenidos/productos/prod_serv/contenidos/espanol/bvinegi/productos/historicos/2104/702825222321/702825222321_8.pdf |language=es |location=Mexico |publisher=INEGI |isbn=978-970-13-1491-3}}</ref> |- !scope="col"| km<sup>2</sup> !scope="col"| sq mi |- !scope="row" align="left"| Armería |align=left| Ciudad de Armería |{{change|27626|28695|dec=1|align="right"|invert=on}} |{{convert|410.051|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |{{Pop density|27626|410.051|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} |{{dts|June 3, 1967}} |- !scope="row" align="left" style="background:#CCF;"| Colima{{dagger|alt=State capital}} |align=left style="background:#CCF;"|Colima |{{change|157048|146904|dec=1|align="right"|invert=on}} |{{convert|748.399|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |{{Pop density|157048|748.399|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} |{{dts|June 21, 1823}} |- !scope="row" align="left"| Comala |align=left|Comala |{{change|21661|20888|dec=1|align="right"|invert=on}} |{{convert|315.453|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |{{Pop density|21661|315.453|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} |{{dts|August 15, 1823}} |- !scope="row" align="left"| Coquimatlán |align=left|Coquimatlán |{{change|20837|19385|dec=1|align="right"|invert=on}} |{{convert|528.587|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |{{Pop density|20837|528.587|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} |{{dts|July 13, 1867}} |- !scope="row" align="left"| Cuauhtémoc |align=left|Cuauhtémoc |{{change|31267|27107|dec=1|align="right"|invert=on}} |{{convert|413.380|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |{{Pop density|31267|413.380|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} |{{dts|February 1, 1919}} |- !scope="row" align="left"| Ixtlahuacán |align=left|Ixtlahuacán |{{change|5623|5300|dec=1|align="right"|invert=on}} |{{convert|376.078|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |{{Pop density|5623|376.078|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} |{{dts|July 13, 1867}} |- !scope="row" align="left"| Manzanillo |align=left|Manzanillo |{{change|191031|161420|dec=1|align="right"|invert=on}} |{{convert|1361.291|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |{{Pop density|191031|1361.291|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} |{{dts|June 20, 1873}} |- !scope="row" align="left"| Minatitlán |align=left|Minatitlán |{{change|10231|8174|dec=1|align="right"|invert=on}} |{{convert|416.147|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |{{Pop density|10231|416.147|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} |{{dts|August 17, 1912}} |- !scope="row" align="left"|Tecomán |align=left|Tecomán |{{change|116305|112726|dec=1|align="right"|invert=on}} |{{convert|943.674|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |{{Pop density|116305|943.674|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} |{{dts|August 15, 1823}} |- !scope="row" align="left"| Villa de Álvarez |align=left|Villa de Álvarez |{{change|149762|119956|dec=1|align="right"|invert=on}} |{{convert|288.694|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=table|sortable=on}} |{{Pop density|149762|288.694|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} |{{dts|August 15, 1823}} |- |- class="sortbottom" style="text-align:center;" style="background: #f2f2f2;" !scope="row" align="left"| '''Colima''' | '''—''' |{{change|731391|650555|dec=1|align="right"|bold=on|invert=on||bgcolour=#f2f2f2}} |'''{{nts|5801.75}}''' |'''{{convert|5801.75|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|2|disp=output number only|sortable=on}}''' |align="right"| '''{{Pop density|731391|5801.75|km2|sqmi|prec=1}}''' | '''—''' |- class="sortbottom" style="text-align:center;" style="background: #f2f2f2;" !scope="row" align="left"| '''Mexico'''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.beta.inegi.org.mx/temas/estructura/|title=Población|date=January 1910 |language=es|publisher=INEGI |access-date=January 20, 2018}}</ref> | '''—''' |{{change|126014024|112336538|dec=1|align="right"|bold=on|invert=on||bgcolour=#f2f2f2}} |'''{{nts|1972550}}''' |'''{{convert|1972550|km2|sqmi|adj=ri2|0|disp=output number only|sortable=on}}''' |align="right"| '''{{Pop density|126014024|1972550|km2|sqmi|prec=1}}''' | '''—''' |} </onlyinclude>
==References== {{Reflist|30em}}
{{Municipalities of Mexico}} {{Portal bar|Mexico}}
{{Featured list}} Category:Municipalities of Colima Colima