{{Short description|Islamic scholar (c.1828–1897)}} {{more citations needed|date=November 2016}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}} {{Infobox philosopher | region = [[Islam]] | name = Muhammad Usman Damani | birth_place = Looni, Tehsil [[Kulachi]] [[Dera Ismail Khan District|Dera Ismail Khan]] | birth_date = 1828/1829 | death_date = {{death year and age|1897|1828}}) | death_place = Mussa Zai Sharif, Dera Ismail Khan, [[British India]] | school_tradition = [[Sunni Islam]], [[Hanafi]], [[Sufi]], [[Naqshbandi]] | influences = | influenced = }} {{Sufism}} '''Muhammad Usman Damani''' was a prominent [[Muslim]] [[scholar]] and [[Sufism|Sufi]] [[Sheikh|shaykh]] of [[Naqshbandi]] tariqah of the 19th century (1828–1897) in South Asia (present day Pakistan).
==Early life== He was born to Mawlana Moosa Jan in 1244 [[Hijri year|AH]] at Looni town in Kulachi [[Dera Ismail Khan District]], present day Pakistan. His father belonged to the [[Damanis|Damani]] tribe and his mother belonged to the family of the Indian Sufi saint [[Bande Nawaz]].<ref name="jalwa">{{Cite web |title=Showroom friend |url=http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/urdu/books/jalwagah/h35.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007041926/http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/urdu/books/jalwagah/h35.htm |archive-date=7 October 2011 |access-date=2 September 2024}}</ref> He was a [[Caliphate|khalifa]] and successor of [[Haji Dost Muhammad Qandhari]], and was the successor of [[Sufi lodge|khanqah]] Mussa Zai Sharif in Dera Ismail Khan.
== Work == His shaykh awarded him with [[ijazah]] ([[Caliphate|khilafat]]) of eight Sufi orders, namely [[Naqshbandi]] Mujaddidi, [[Qadiriyya|Qadri]], [[Chishti Order|Chishti]], [[Suhrawardiyya|Suhrawardi]], [[Shattariyya|Shattari]], [[Madariyya|Madaria]], [[Kubrawiya|Kibrawiya]] and [[Qalandariyya|Qalandari]].<ref name="khokhar">{{Cite web |title=Hazrat Khwaja Usman Damani |url=http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/urdu/silsila/34.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090525175325/http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/urdu/silsila/34.htm |archive-date=25 May 2009 |access-date=2 September 2024}}</ref>
His letters are published in a collection named ''Tuhfa Zahidia'' with an [[Urdu]] translation. In the last years of his life, he did not take the oath of allegiance from newcomers and referred them to one of his two leading [[Caliphate|khulafa]], namely [[Muhammad Sirajuddin Naqshbandi]] his son and [[Sayyad Laal Shah Hamdani]].
He died on Tuesday 22 [[Sha'aban|Shaban]] 1314 AH (26 January 1897) and was buried in Mussa Zai Sharif alongside the grave of his [[Sheikh|shaykh]] [[Haji Dost Muhammad Qandhari]].<ref name=jalwa/> His [[Islamic funeral|janazah]] prayer was led by his son Muhammad Sirajuddin Naqshbandi.<ref name=khokhar/>
==Chain of succession== {{Main|Naqshbandi Tahiri Golden Chain}}
Khwaja Muhammad Usman Damani belonged to the Mujaddidi order of Sufism, which is the main branch of [[Naqshbandi]] Sufi [[tariqa]]h. His spiritual lineage goes to [[Muhammad]], through [[Sheikh|Shaikh]] [[Ahmad Sirhindi]], the Mujaddid of eleventh Hijri century.
==Khulafa== :* [[Muhammad Sirajuddin Naqshbandi]], his son and successor (d. 1915) :* [[Sayyad Laal Shah Hamdani]] (d. 1896) :* Mawlana Shirazi :* Abdur-Rahman Bahadur Kilmi (d. 1922)
== See also ==
* [[Abu Hanifa]]
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== *[https://web.archive.org/web/20040421095419/http://bagharshareef.com/ Baghar Shareef] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100828054245/http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/urdu/books/jalwagah/h35.htm Jalwa Gah-e-Dost (Urdu) 2nd edition (2008) by Khwaja Muhammad Tahir Bakhshi] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090525175325/http://urdu.islahulmuslimeen.org/urdu/silsila/34.htm Short Biography in Urdu by Mukhtar Ahmed Khokhar]
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Usman Damani}} [[Category:1820s births]] [[Category:1897 deaths]] [[Category:Pashtun people]] [[Category:19th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]] [[Category:Naqshbandi order]] [[Category:Scholars from British India]] [[Category:Pashtun Sufi saints]] [[Category:Pashtun Sufis]] [[Category:19th-century Indian Muslims]] [[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]] [[Category:Indian Sufi religious leaders]] [[Category:Indian Sufi saints]]