{{Short description|Indian independence activist (1903–1975)}} {{distinguish|Muhammad Mian Mansoor Ansari}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} {{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}} {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = Mu’arrikh-e-Millat, Sayyid-ul-Millat, Mawlāna | name = Muhammad Miyan Deobandi | office1 = 5th General Secretary of [[Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]] | term_start1 = 1962 | term_end1 = August 1963 | predecessor1 = [[Hifzur Rahman Seoharwi]] | successor1 = [[Asad Madni]] | module = {{Infobox religious biography |embed = yes |religion = Islam |birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1903|10|04}} |birth_name = Muzaffar Miyan |birth_place = [[Deoband]], [[British India]] |death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1975|10|24|1903|10|04}} |death_place = [[Delhi]], India |region = India |denomination = [[Sunni]] |jurisprudence = [[Hanafi]] |movement = [[Deobandi]] |alma_mater = [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] |notable_works =[[Idarat al-Mabahith al-Fiqhiya]], ''Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind Kya Hai?'', ''Ulama-e-Hind Ka Shaandar Maazi'', ''Ulama-e-Haqq Aur Unke Mujahidana Karname'', ''Aseeraan-e-Malta'' |main_interests = [[History]], [[Urdu literature]], [[Hadith]], [[Politics]] |disciple_of = [[Hussain Ahmad Madani]] |influenced = [[Mufti Mahmud]], [[Nizamuddin Asir Adrawi]] | relatives = [[Syed Mahmood Mian]] (grandson) }} }} '''Muhammad Miyan Deobandi''' (4 October 1903 – 24 October 1975) was an Indian [[Sunni]] Islamic scholar, academic, historian, [[Indian freedom struggle|freedom struggle]] activist, who served as the fifth general secretary of the [[Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]]. He wrote books such as ''Aseeraan-e-Malta'', ''Ulama-e-Hind Ka Shaandar Maazi'' and ''Ulama-e-Haqq Aur Unke Mujahidana Karname''.
==Biography== Muhammad Miyan Deobandi was born Muzaffar Miyan on 4 October 1903 in [[Deoband]].{{Sfn|Amini|2017|p=105}} He began his studies at home and read the [[Qur'an]] from his maternal grandmother. He studied some books of Persian and Urdu with Khalīl Aḥmad in [[Muzaffarnagar]]. In 1916, Miyan Deobandi entered the Persian class of the [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] and graduated in the traditional [[dars-e-nizami]] in 1925.{{Sfn|Amini|2017|p=106}}<ref name="Mahbub">{{cite book |author1=[[Syed Mehboob Rizwi]]|translator=Prof. Murtaz Husain F. Quraishi |title=History of The Dar al-Ulum Deoband|volume=2|publisher=Idara-e-Ehtemam |location= Darul Uloom Deoband |pages=109–10|edition=1981 |language=English}}</ref> His teachers include [[Anwar Shah Kashmiri]], [[Asghar Hussain Deobandi]], [[Izaz Ali Amrohi]] and [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]]. He was a disciple of [[Hussain Ahmad Madani]].{{Sfn|Amini|2017|p=106}}
Muhammad Miyan started taught at the Madrasa Hanfiyah in [[Arrah]], Bihar for two years from 1926 to 1928.{{Sfn|Amini|2017|p=106}} He later taught at the [[Madrasa Shahi]] in [[Moradabad]] for a span of sixteen years, starting from March 1928. During these sixteen years, Muhammad Miyan served as a Mufti, rector and as a teacher.{{Sfn|Amini|2017|p=106}} After 1947, he shifted to [[Delhi]] permanently, and was appointed as the member of the executive council of Madrasa Shahi. In 1380 [[hijri year|AH]], he was appointed as the honorary rector of the Shahi, and later in 1395 AH made the rector.{{Sfn|Amini|2017|p=106}}
In 1930, Muhammad Miyan was appointed as the secretary of the Moradabad unit of the [[Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]] (JUH). Later, he served as the secretary of the Agra and Awadh units of the JUH. He also served as the secretary of preaching department of JUH Agra. On 7 May 1945, he was appointed as the secretary of the JUH, and as the general secretary after the death of [[Hifzur Rahman Seoharwi]]; a post he served for a year only, resigning a year later. He was then appointed as a member of the JUH's general body, secretary of Jamiat Trust, and the manager of Idāra Mabahith-e-Fiqhiyyah in Delhi.{{Sfn|Amini|2017|p=106}} He was appointed as the senior Hadīth professor and senior Mufti of the [[Madrasa Aminia]], where he served until his death in 1975.{{Sfn|Amini|2017|p=107}}
Muhammad Miyan died in [[Delhi]] on 24 October 1975, aged 72.{{Sfn|Amini|2017|p=107}} He is referred as Mu'arrikh-e-Millat for his historical works. His followers refer him as Sayyid-ul-Millat.<ref name="Mahbub" /> His students include [[Mufti Mahmud]], [[Athar Mubarakpuri]] and [[Asir Adrawi]].<ref>{{Cite book|author=Hassan, Mohd Amirul|year=2010|title=Contribution Of Qazi Athar Mubarakpuri to Arabic Studies: A Critical Study. (PhD thesis).|publisher=[[Aligarh Muslim University]]|url=http://ir.amu.ac.in/6292/|page=15|access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref><ref name="dastaan">{{cite book |title=Dastan Na'tamam|author=[[Nizamuddin Asir Adrawi]]|publisher=Kutub Khana Husainia, Deoband |pages=72–73 |edition=November, 2009}}</ref>
==Literary works== Muhammad Miyan Deobandi's works include: * ''Ahd-e-Zarrin awr Misali Hukumatein'' * ''Aseeran-e-Malta'' * ''Mishkat al-Athaar''<ref name=":Kaleem">{{Cite thesis |last=Kaleem |first=Mohd |title=Contribution of Old boys of Darul uloom Deoband in Hadith Literature |publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]] |year=2017 |location=India |language=ur |hdl=10603/364028 |type=PhD |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/364028 |access-date=24 October 2023 |archive-date=24 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024044219/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/364028 |url-status=live |pages=281–282}}</ref> * ''Shah Abdul Aziz: Afkaar-o-Khidmaat'' * ''Panipat aur Buzurgan-e-Panipat'' * ''[[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind|Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]] Kya Hai?'' * ''Shawahid-e-Taqaddus'' * ''Tareekh-e-Islam'' * ''Tehreek Reshmi Rumaal'' (Translated to English as ''Silk Letter Movement'' by [[Muhammadullah Khalili Qasmi]]). * ''Ulama-e-Hind Ka Shandaar Maazi'' (2 volumes)<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Ahmad |first=Ishtiaque |author-link=Ishtiaque Ahmad Qasmi |title=Ulama E Deoband Ki Swaneh Umriyon Ka Tanqeedi Tajziya Azadi Se Qabl |publisher=Department of Urdu, [[Maulana Azad National Urdu University]] |year=2020 |location=India |language=ur |hdl=10603/338413 |degree=PhD |pp=143–149}}</ref> * ''Ulama-e-Haqq Aur Unke Mujahidana Karname'' (2 volumes) * ''Waliullahi Tehreek''
==See also== * [[List of Indian writers]]
==References== {{reflist}}
==Bibliography== * {{cite book |last1=Amini |first1=Nur Alam Khalil |author1-link=Noor Alam Khalil Amini |title=Pas-e-Marg-e-Zindah |date=February 2017 |publisher=Idara Ilm-o-Adab |location=Deoband |pages=37–107 |edition=5 |language=ur |chapter=Hadhrat Mawlānā Sayyid Muḥammad Miyān Deobandi thumma al-Dehlawi}}
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[[Category:20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]] [[Category:1903 births]] [[Category:1975 deaths]] [[Category:Deobandis]] [[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]] [[Category:Indian historians of Islam]] [[Category:People from Deoband]] [[Category:Indian independence activists from Uttar Pradesh]] [[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]] [[Category:20th-century Indian historians]] [[Category:Students of Anwar Shah Kashmiri]] [[Category:Members of the Majlis-e-Shura of Darul Uloom Deoband]]