{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}} {{Short description|Indonesian politician (1902–1975)}} {{Infobox officeholder |name = Muhammad Kaharuddin III |image = De sultan van Soembawa en zijn twee kinderen, KITLV 30601 (cropped).tiff |caption = Muhammad Kaharuddin III in 1947 |office = Regent of Sumbawa |term_start = 22 January 1959 |term_end = 1960 |successor = Madilaoe ADT |predecessor = ''Position created'' |office1 = United States of Indonesia Senator |constituency1 = State of East Indonesia |term_start1 = 16 February 1950 |term_end1 = 5 April 1950 |successor1 = Pandji Tisna |office2 = Sultan of Sumbawa |predecessor2 = Muhammad Jalaluddin III |successor2 = Muhammad Kaharuddin IV |term_start2 = 1931 |term_end2 = 8 November 1975{{efn|Another alternative date is 17 December 1958, upon the reorganization of the Sultanate's territories into West Nusa Tenggara.<ref>{{cite web |title=REGION PROFILE |url=https://www.ntbprov.go.id/region-profile |publisher=West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Government |access-date=9 November 2021 |language=id}}</ref> His death in 1975 is the date considered as the start of the vacancy of the throne by his successor.<ref name="tempo"/>}} |office3 = Chair of Provisional Representative Body |term_start3 = 27 May 1947 |term_end3 = 2 March 1950 |predecessor3 = Tadjuddin Noor |successor3 = Husain Puang Limboro |birth_name = Muhammad Kaharuddin Daeng Manurung |birth_place = Sumbawa Besar, Dutch East Indies |birth_date = 1902 |death_date = 8 November 1975 (aged 73) |death_place = Sumbawa Besar, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia }} '''Muhammad Kaharuddin III''' (1902 – 8 November 1975) was an Indonesian politician and royal who was the 16th Sultan of Sumbawa, a senator of the United States of Indonesia, and the regent of Sumbawa Regency between 1959 and 1960. He was also active in the politics of the State of East Indonesia, where he chaired its legislature between 1947 and its dissolution in 1950. ==Career== thumb|left|Kaharuddin (center) as Speaker of the East Indonesia parliament. He was born in Sumbawa Besar on 1902, the son of Sultan Muhammad Jalaluddin III.<ref name="kompas"/> He ascended to the throne on his father's death in 1931, and married the eldest daughter of Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin of the neighboring Sultanate of Bima.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kartadarmadja |first1=M. Sunjata |last2=Kutoyo |first2=Sutrisno |title=Sejarah kebangkitan nasional daerah Nusa Tenggara Barat |date=1978 |publisher=Proyek Penelitian dan Pencatatan Kebudayaan Daerah, Pusat Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan |page=80 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=75ACAAAAMAAJ&q=sultan+muhammad+kaharuddin+iii+sumbawa |language=id}}</ref> In 1932, a new palace was completed, which he lived in until 1959.<ref>{{cite book |title=Peninggalan sejarah dan kepurbakalaan Nusa Tenggara Barat |date=1997 |publisher=Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Kantor Wilayah Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat, Bagian Proyek Pembinaan Permuseuman Nusa Tenggara Barat |page=129 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2QJwAAAAMAAJ&dq=sultan+muhammad+kaharuddin+1931&pg=PA129 |language=id}}</ref><ref name="lomsum">{{cite book |last1=Ulung |first1=Gagas |title=Uniquely Lombok-Sumbawa |date=26 August 2013 |publisher=Gramedia Pustaka Utama |isbn=978-979-22-8726-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oUlODwAAQBAJ&dq=muhammad+kaharuddin+iii&pg=PA174 |language=id}}</ref> Following the Japanese invasion of the Dutch East Indies, both Kaharuddin and the Sultan of Bima announced that their Sultanates were seceding from Dutch authority, and "awaited the arrival of Japanese forces".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Martadinata |first1=Sudrajat |title=Saat Kekayaan Serupa Bintang: Studi Etnografi Istana Dalam Loka |date=2 August 2021 |publisher=Penerbit Peneleh |isbn=978-623-6366-03-5 |pages=43–44 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9YE8EAAAQBAJ&dq=daeng+manurung+sumbawa&pg=PA43 |language=id}}</ref> On 14 December 1948, he signed an agreement with the Dutch colonial authorities which ceded rights to foreign relations, defense, and the monopoly on salt and opium trade to the Dutch.<ref name="abad"/>

During the Indonesian National Revolution, Kaharuddin attended the Denpasar Conference, where he unsuccessfully proposed the inclusion of Kalimantan in the State of East Indonesia (NIT).{{sfn|Agung|1996|pp=129-130}} He was also active in NIT, where he was appointed the speaker of the parliament.<ref>{{cite book |title=Pendidikan politik rakjat |date=1947 |publisher=Ministry of Information of East Indonesia |page=28 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dp-Zjc6kLAQC&dq=muhammad+kaharuddin+iii&pg=PA27 |language=id}}</ref> He was appointed to the position after the removal of the previous chair, Tadjuddin Noor, on 27 May 1947.{{sfn|Agung|1996|pp=226-227}} Due to this position, he was approached by Abdul Haris Nasution, who unsuccessfully attempted to lobby Kaharuddin into allowing the Indonesian National Armed Forces to place their officers in the territorial commands in Eastern Indonesia.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Nasution |first1=Abdul Haris |title=Sedjarah perdjuangan nasional dibidang bersendjata |date=1966 |publisher=Mega Bookstore |page=162 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fxE5AQAAIAAJ&dq=sultan+kaharuddin+iii+ah+nasution&pg=PA162 |language=id}}</ref> He also for a time in 1947 served as acting president due to the departure of East Indonesia President Tjokorda Gde Raka Soekawati to attend a United Nations Security Council meeting.{{sfn|Agung|1996|pp=272-273}} During this acting presidency, he dismissed NIT's prime minister Nadjamuddin Daeng Malewa.{{sfn|Agung|1996|p=304}} He remained as chairman of NIT's parliament until he was replaced by Husain Puang Limboro on 2 March 1950.<ref>{{Cite news|date=4 March 1950|title=Korte Berichten|work=De locomotief|url=https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?coll=ddd&query=limboro&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_gte_+%2201-01-1950%22%29&cql%5B%5D=%28date+_lte_+%2201-01-1952%22%29&redirect=true&sortfield=date&identifier=ddd:010862624:mpeg21:a0025&resultsidentifier=ddd:010862624:mpeg21:a0025&rowid=3|access-date=15 November 2021}}</ref>

Kaharuddin also represented NIT in the Senate of the United States of Indonesia alongside Melkias Agustinus Pellaupessy.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Agung |first1=Ide Anak Agung Gde |title=From the Formation of the State of East Indonesia Towards the Establishment of the United States of Indonesia |date=1996 |publisher=Yayasan Obor Indonesia |isbn=978-979-461-216-3 |page=691|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s4j3TROSWVoC |language=en}}</ref> He later resigned from the senate on 5 April 1950,<ref>{{Cite news|date=6 April 1950|title=Twee senatoren afgereden|work=De vrije pers : ochtendbulletin|url=https://www.delpher.nl/nl/kranten/view?query=Kaharudin+senaat&coll=ddd&sortfield=datedesc&identifier=ddd:011210684:mpeg21:a0054&resultsidentifier=ddd:011210684:mpeg21:a0054&rowid=2|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> and was replaced by Pandji Tisna who took office on 14 August 1950.<ref name="kp">{{cite book |title=Kepartaian dan parlementaria Indonesia |date=1954 |publisher=Kementerian Penerangan |page=624 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QPgvAQAAIAAJ&dq=kaharuddin+negara+indonesia+timur&pg=PA624 |language=id}}</ref> On 22 January 1959, Sumbawa's status as an autonomous region was revoked, hence abolishing the remaining authority of the sultanate, and Kaharuddin was provisionally appointed as its first regent. He served in that position until 1960.<ref name="abad">{{cite book |title=Sumbawa menjelang setengah abad |date=2008 |publisher=Pemerintah Kabupaten Sumbawa|pages=47–49 |isbn=978-979-15832-6-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZkRSAQAAMAAJ&dq=kaharuddin+sumbawa+1959+1960&pg=PA49 |language=id}}</ref>

==Death== He died on 8 November 1975 in his home at Sumbawa Besar, at the age of 73. He was buried there, next to his father's grave.<ref name="kompas">{{cite news |title=Daerah sepintas: Sumbawa Besar - Sultan Sumbawa Tutup Usia |url=http://www.kompasdata.id/Search/NewsDetail/19229038 |access-date=9 November 2021 |work=Kompas |date=17 November 1975 |language=id}}</ref> The Sultanate's throne remained vacant until 2011, when his son Daeng Mohammad Abdurrahman Kaharuddin ascended to the throne as Sultan Muhammad Kaharuddin IV, although without any governing authority.<ref name="tempo">{{cite news |title=Pagi Ini DMA Kaharuddin Dinobatkan Sebagai Sultan Sumbawa ke-17 |url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/325147/pagi-ini-dma-kaharuddin-dinobatkan-sebagai-sultan-sumbawa-ke-17 |access-date=9 November 2021 |work=Tempo |date=5 April 2011 |language=id}}</ref> The Sultan Muhammad Kaharuddin III Airport in Sumbawa is named after him.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lima Tokoh Pulau Sumbawa Diusulkan Jadi Pahlawan Nasional |url=https://www.suarantb.com/lima-tokoh-pulau-sumbawa-diusulkan-jadi-pahlawan-nasional/ |access-date=9 November 2021 |work=Suara NTB |date=6 February 2019 |language=id-ID}}</ref> The house he occupied from his abdication until his death, known as ''Bala Kuning'', contains a number of artifacts of the sultanate and is a tourist destination.<ref name="lomsum"/>

==Notes== {{notelist}}

==References== {{reflist}}

{{State of East Indonesia}}

Category:1902 births Category:1975 deaths Category:Regents of places in East Nusa Tenggara Category:Indonesian royalty Category:People from Sumbawa Regency Category:Members of Senate of the United States of Indonesia Category:Politicians from the State of East Indonesia