{{Short description|British novelist (1851–1920)}} {{Other people|Mary Ward|Mary Ward (disambiguation)}} {{Use British English|date=August 2011}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}} {{Infobox writer | name = Mary Augusta Ward | image = Mary Augusta Ward00.jpg | image size = | birth_name = Mary Augusta Arnold | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1851|6|11}} | birth_place = Hobart, Tasmania, Australia | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1920|3|24|1851|6|11}} | death_place = London, England | nationality = British | pseudonym = Mrs. Humphry Ward | spouse = Thomas Humphry Ward | children = Arnold Ward <br> Janet Trevelyan | parents = Thomas Arnold<br/>Julia Sorell | relatives = William Thomas Arnold (brother)<br/>Julia Huxley (sister)<br/>Ethel Arnold (sister) | signature = Mary Augusta Ward Signature.jpg }} '''Mary Augusta Ward''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CBE}} (''née'' '''Arnold'''; 11 June 1851 – 24 March 1920) was a British novelist who wrote under her married name as '''Mrs Humphry Ward'''.<ref>Gwynn, Stephen (1917). [https://archive.org/stream/mrshumphreyward00gwyn#page/n9/mode/2up ''Mrs. Humphry Ward'']. New York: Henry Holt and Company.</ref> She worked to improve education for the poor, setting up a Settlement in London. She was a staunch opponent of giving women the right to vote, and in 1908 she became the founding President of the Women's National Anti-Suffrage League.
==Early life== Mary Augusta Arnold was born in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, into a prominent intellectual family of writers and educationalists.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = McGill | first1 = Anna Blanche | year = 1901 | title = The Arnolds | url = http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044094026879;view=1up;seq=405 | journal = The Book Buyer | volume = 22 | issue = 5| pages = 373–380 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = McGill | first1 = Anna Blanche | year = 1901 | title = Some Famous Literary Clans. IV. The Arnolds Concluded | url = http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044094026879;view=1up;seq=491 | journal = The Book Buyer | volume = 22 | issue = 6| pages = 459–466 }}</ref><ref>Sutherland, John (1990). ''Mrs Humphry Ward: Eminent Victorian, Pre-eminent Edwardian''. Oxford University Press.</ref> Mary was the daughter of Tom Arnold, a professor of literature, and Julia Sorell. Her siblings included writer and journalist William Thomas Arnold, suffrage campaigner Ethel Arnold, and Julia Huxley who founded Prior's Field School for girls in 1902 and married Leonard Huxley and their sons were Julian and Aldous Huxley.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Harris | first1 = Muriel | year = 1920 | title = Mrs. Humphry Ward | journal = The North American Review | volume = 211 | issue = 775| pages = 818–825 | jstor=25120533}}</ref> The Arnolds and the Huxleys were an important influence on British intellectual life. An uncle was the poet Matthew Arnold and her grandfather Thomas Arnold,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Stewart |first1=Herbert L |year=1920 |title=Mrs. Humphry Ward |url=https://archive.org/stream/n1universitymag19mcgiuoft#page/192/mode/2up |journal=The University Magazine |volume=XIX |issue=2 |pages=193–207}}</ref> the famous headmaster of Rugby School.<ref>Trevor, Meriol (1973). ''The Arnolds: Thomas Arnold and his Family''. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.</ref>
thumb|left|Huxley and Arnold family tree Mary's father Tom Arnold was appointed inspector of schools in Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania) and commenced his role on 15 January 1850.<ref name=adb> {{Australian Dictionary of Biography |last=Howell|first=P.A. |year=1966 |volume=1 |id=A010031b |pp=29–31 |title=Arnold, Thomas (1823–1900) |access-date=1 March 2010}} </ref> Tom Arnold was received into the Roman Catholic Church on 12 January 1856, which made him so unpopular in his job (and with his wife) that he resigned and left for England with his family in July 1856.<ref name=adb/> Mary Arnold had her fifth birthday the month before they left, and had no further connection with Tasmania. On arriving in England Tom Arnold was offered the chair of English literature at the contemplated Catholic university, Dublin, but this was only ratified after some delay.
Her schooldays formed the basis for one of her later novels, ''Marcella'' (1894).<ref>Johnson, Lionel Pigot (1921). [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924013260496#page/n61/mode/2up "Mrs. Humphry Ward: Marcella,"] in ''Reviews & Critical Papers''. London: Elkin Mathews.</ref><ref name=Dickins2>{{cite book|last=Dickins|first=Gordon|title=An Illustrated Literary Guide to Shropshire|year=1987|page=74}}</ref>
On 6 April 1872, not yet 21 years old, Mary married Humphry Ward, a fellow and tutor of Brasenose College, and also a writer and editor. For the next nine years she continued to live at Oxford, at 17 Bradmore Road, where she is commemorated by a blue plaque.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://oxonblueplaques.org.uk/plaques/ward.html |title = MRS Humphry Ward: Oxfordshire Blue Plaques Scheme}}</ref> Shewrote for the ''Dictionary of Christian Biography'' edited by Dr William Smith and Dr. Henry Wace.<ref name=1911EB>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Ward, Mary Augusta|volume=28|last= Chisholm |first= Hugh |author-link= Hugh Chisholm|pages=320–321|short=1}}</ref> Her translation of Amiel's ''Journal'' appeared in 1885.<ref>{{cite book |last=Amiel |first=Henri-Frédéric |translator-last=Ward |translator-first=Mrs Humphry |date=1885 |title=Amiel's Journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SbMIAAAAQAAJ |location=London |publisher=MacMillan |page=Frontispiece }}</ref>
Ward supported the opening of Oxford University to female students. She was a member of the Lectures for Women Committee, which met from 1873 and organised courses of lectures with an optional final examination for women. With other members of the committee she formed the Association for the Education of Women, which supported the opening of halls for women students in Oxford.<ref name=Loader>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=grqODwAAQBAJ&pg=PA85 |title=Mrs Humphry Ward and Greenian Philosophy: Religion, Society and Politics |pages=85–86 |last=Loader |first=Helen |date=2019 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=9783030141110 }}</ref>
Ward became very involved in the negotiations surrounding the foundation of Somerville College in Oxford in 1879. She suggested that the new institution should be named after Mary Somerville. Ward was appointed as the first secretary of the Somerville Council and prepared for the arrival of new students despite being eight months pregnant when Somerville opened in October 1879.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.some.ox.ac.uk/about-somerville/somerville-stories/mary-ward/|title=Mary Ward|access-date=26 August 2018|publisher=Somerville College, Oxford}}</ref>
==Career== [[File:Mrs Humphry Ward (Mary Augusta Ward (née Arnold)) by Julian Russell Story.jpg|thumb|right|Mary Augusta Ward, by Julian Russell Story, 1889]]
Ward began her career writing articles for ''Macmillan's Magazine''<ref name=1911EB/> while working on a book for children that was published in 1881 under the title ''Milly and Olly''. This was followed in 1884 by a more ambitious, though slight, study of modern life, ''Miss Bretherton'', the story of an actress.<ref name=1911EB/> Ward's novels contained strong religious subject matter relevant to Victorian values she herself practised. Her popularity spread beyond Great Britain to the United States. Her book ''Lady Rose's Daughter'' was the best-selling novel in the United States in 1903, as was ''The Marriage of William Ashe'' in 1905. Ward's most popular novel by far was the religious "novel with a purpose" ''Robert Elsmere'',<ref>Peterson, William S. (1976). ''Victorian Heretic: Mrs Humphry Ward's Robert Elsmere''. Leicester University Press.</ref> which portrayed the emotional conflict between the young pastor Elsmere and his wife, whose over-narrow orthodoxy brings her religious faith and their mutual love to a terrible impasse; but it was the detailed discussion of the "higher criticism" of the day, and its influence on Christian belief, rather than its power as a piece of dramatic fiction, that gave the book its exceptional vogue.<ref>Phelps, William Lyon (1910). [https://archive.org/stream/essaysonmodern00phel#page/190/mode/2up "Mrs. Humphry Ward."] In: ''Essays on Modern Novelists''. New York: The Macmillan Company.</ref><ref>Maison, Margaret M. (1961). [https://archive.org/stream/victorianvision007209mbp#page/n237/mode/2up "The Tragedy of Unbelief,"] in ''The Victorian Vision''. New York: Sheed & Ward.</ref> It started, as no academic work could have done, a popular discussion on historic and essential Christianity.<ref name=1911EB/><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Mallock | first1 = M.M. | year = 1913 | title = Newer Gospel | url = http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=chi.74886734;view=1up;seq=13 | journal = The American Catholic Quarterly Review | volume = 38 | issue = 149| pages = 1–16 }}</ref><ref>Lightman, Bernand (1990). "Robert Elsmere and the Agnostic Crises of Faith." In: ''Victorian Faith in Crisis: Essays on Continuity and Change in Nineteenth-century Religious Belief''. Stanford University Press.</ref>
Ward helped establish an organisation for working and teaching among the poor. She also worked as an educator in the residential settlement movements she founded. Mary Ward's declared aim was "equalisation" in society, and she established educational settlements first at Marchmont Hall and later at what is now called Mary Ward House on Tavistock Place in Bloomsbury. This was originally called the Passmore Edwards Settlement, after its benefactor John Passmore Edwards, but after Ward's death it became the Mary Ward Settlement. It is now known as the Mary Ward Centre and continues as an adult education college; affiliated with it is the Mary Ward Legal Centre.
She was also a significant campaigner against women getting the vote.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/twentiethcentury25londuoft#page/780/mode/2up "An Appeal against Female Suffrage,"] ''The Nineteenth Century'' '''25''', 1889, 781–788.</ref><ref>Fawcett, Millicent Garrett (1912). [https://archive.org/stream/womenssuffragesh00fawcuoft#page/44/mode/2up "The Anti-suffragists,"] in ''Women's Suffrage''. London: T.C. & E.C. Jack, pp. 44–57.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Thesing | first1 = William B | year = 1984 | title = Mrs. Humphry Ward's Anti-Suffrage Campaign: From Polemics to Art | journal = Turn-of-the-Century Woman | volume = 1 | issue = 1| pages = 22–35 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Joannou | first1 = Maroula | year = 2005 | title = Mary Augusta Ward (Mrs Humphry) and the opposition to women's suffrage | url = http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/114626/1/Mrs%20Humphry%20Ward%20_2_.pdf| journal = Women's History Review | volume = 14 | issue = 3–4| pages = 561–580 | doi=10.1080/09612020500200439| s2cid = 144221773 }}</ref> In the summer of 1908 she was approached by George Nathaniel Curzon and William Cremer, who asked her to be the founding president of the Women's National Anti-Suffrage League. Ward took on the job, creating and editing the ''Anti-Suffrage Review''. She published a large number of articles on the subject, while two of her novels, ''The Testing of Diana Mallory'' and ''Delia Blanchflower'', were used as platforms to criticise the suffragettes.<ref>Argyle, Gisela (2003). "Mrs. Humphry Ward's Fictional Experiments in the Woman Question," ''Studies in English Literature'', 1500–1900, Vol. 43, No. 4, The Nineteenth Century, pp. 939–957.</ref> In a 1909 article in ''The Times'', Ward wrote that constitutional, legal, financial, military, and international problems were problems only men could solve. However, she came to promote the idea of women having a voice in local government<ref>Fawcett, Millicent Garrett (1920). ''The Women's Victory – and After: Personal Reminiscences, 1911–1918''. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, Ltd., p. 42.</ref> and other rights that the men's anti-suffrage movement would not tolerate. Julia Stephen who was Virginia Woolf's mother recommended Florence Nightingale, Octavia Hill and Ward as good role models for her daughters.<ref name=juliaodnb>Jane Garnett, 'Stephen, Julia Prinsep (1846–1895)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/46943, accessed 6 May 2017]</ref>
[[File:Mary Augusta Ward by Barnett.jpg|thumb|Mary Augusta Ward, 1914, by Henry Walter Barnett]]
During World War I, Ward was asked by former United States President Theodore Roosevelt to write a series of articles to explain to Americans what was happening in Britain. Her work involved visiting the trenches on the Western Front, and resulted in three books, ''England's Effort - Six Letters to an American Friend'' (1916), ''Towards the Goal'' (1917), and ''Fields of Victory'' (1919).<ref name="Dickins2"/>
Ward was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1919 New Year Honours.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=31114 |supp=y |page=451|date= 8 January 1919}}</ref>
==Diarist (anonymous)== Throughout the 1880s Mary kept a personal diary of social and literary stories of the people she knew and met. She preferred to conduct her observations anonymously, and the diary was never published in her lifetime. Her reminiscences were heavily drawn upon by her friend Lucy B. Walford in a 1912 memoir<ref>Walford, Lucy Bethia (1912). ''[https://archive.org/details/memoriesofvictor00walfrich Memories of Victorian London]''. London: E. Arnold.</ref> in which she is referred to simply as "Mary". Shortly after Mary's death in 1921 the diary was published, still anonymously, as ''Echoes of the 'Eighties: Leaves from the Diary of a Victorian Lady''.<ref>A Victorian Lady (1921). ''[https://archive.org/details/echoesofeighties00victuoft Echoes of the 'Eighties: Leaves from the Diary of a Victorian Lady]''. London: Eveleigh Nash Co. Ltd.</ref> The identification of Mary Ward as the author of the diary was unknown until 2018 when an online article, about the diary's description of Oscar Wilde wearing a coat in the shape of a cello, cross-referenced her stories with corresponding information in the Walford memoir.<ref>Cooper, John. [https://oscarwildeinamerica.blog/2018/01/04/oscar-wildes-cello-coat/ Oscar Wilde In America :: Blog]; accessed 16 January 2018 22:00</ref>
==Death== Mary Augusta Ward died on 24 March 1920, at 4 Connaught Square, London, and was interred at Aldbury in Hertfordshire, near her beloved country home Stocks three days later.<ref>{{Cite ODNB |title=Ward [née Arnold], Mary Augusta [known as Mrs Humphry Ward] (1851–1920), novelist, philanthropist, and political lobbyist |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-36736 |access-date=2023-10-08 |date=2004 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/36736}}</ref>
==Foundations, organisations and settlements== * Evening Play Centre Committee * Mary Ward Centre, formerly the Passmore Edwards Settlement * Women's National Anti-Suffrage League
==Associated activists in social change== * Dame Grace Kimmins
==Selected works== thumb|right|Cover of ''Milly and Olly'', illustrated by Ruth M. Hallock (1914) ;Fiction {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * (1881). ''Milly and Olly''. * (1884). ''Miss Bretherton''. * (1888). ''Robert Elsmere''. * (1892). ''The History of David Grieve'' (3 vols.) * (1894). ''Marcella'' (3 vols.) * (1895). ''The Story of Bessie Costrell''. * (1896). ''Sir George Tressady''. * (1898). ''Helbeck of Bannisdale''. * (1900). ''Eleanor''. * (1903). ''Lady Rose's Daughter'' (dramatised as ''Agatha'' in 1905).<ref>{{cite magazine|title=WARD, Mrs. Humphry (Mary Augusta)|magazine=Who's Who|year=1907|volume= 59|page=1835|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yEcuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1835}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|chapter=Agatha|title=Almanack, 1906|author=Whitaker, Joseph|location=London|year=1906|page=390|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=boM3AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA390}}</ref> * (1905). ''The Marriage of William Ashe''. * (1906). ''Fenwick's Career''. * (1908). ''Diana Mallory'' (published in America as ''The Testing of Diana Malory''). * (1909). ''Daphne, or 'Marriage à la Mode''' (published in America as ''Marriage à la Mode''). * (1910). ''Canadian Born'' (published in America as ''Lady Merton, Colonist''). * (1911). ''The Case of Richard Meynell''. * (1913). ''The Mating of Lydia''. * (1913). ''The Coryston Family''. * (1914). ''Delia Blanchflower''. * (1915). ''Eltham House''. * (1915). ''A Great Success''. * (1916). ''Lady Connie''. * (1917). ''Missing''. * (1918). ''The War and Elizabeth'' (published in America as ''Elizabeth's Campaign''). * (1919). ''Cousin Philip'' (published in America as ''Helena''). * (1920). ''Harvest''. {{div col end}}
;Non-fiction {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * (1891). ''Address to Mark the Opening of University Hall''. * (1894). ''Unitarians and the Future: Essex Hall Lecture''. * (1898). ''New Forms of Christian Education: An Address to the University Hall Guild''. * (1906). ''The Play-time of the Poor''. * (1907). ''William Thomas Arnold, Journalist and Historian'' (with C. E. Montague). * (1910). ''Letters to my Neighbor on the Present Election''. * (1916). ''England's Effort, Six Letters to an American Friend''. * (1917). ''Towards the Goal'' (with an introduction by Theodore Roosevelt.) * (1918). ''A Writer's Recollections''.<ref>More, Paul Elmer (1921). [https://archive.org/stream/newenglandgroupa00moreiala#page/256/mode/2up "Oxford, Women, and God."] In: ''Shelburne Essays,'' 11th series. Ed. More. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, pp. 257–287. </ref> * (1919). ''Fields of Victory''. {{div col end}}
;Selected articles {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * (1883). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz37grovgoog#page/n150/mode/2up "French Souvenirs,"] ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''48''', pp. 141–153. * (1883). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz37grovgoog#page/n222/mode/2up "M. Renan's Autobiography,"] ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''48''', pp. 213–223. * (1883). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz37grovgoog#page/n318/mode/2up "Francis Garnier,"] ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''48''', pp. 309–320. * (1883). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz37grovgoog#page/n462/mode/2up "A Swiss Peasant Novelist,"] ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''48''', pp. 453–464. * (1884). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz13grovgoog#page/n206/mode/2up "The Literature of Introspection,"] [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz13grovgoog#page/n284/mode/2up Part II], ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''49''', pp. 190–201, 268–278. * (1884). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz13grovgoog#page/n346/mode/2up "A New Edition of Keats,"] ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''49''', pp. 330–340. * (1884). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz00grovgoog#page/n174/mode/2up "M. Renan's New Volume,"] ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''50''', pp. 161–170. * (1884). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz00grovgoog#page/n264/mode/2up "Recent Fiction in England and France,"] ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''50''', pp. 250–260. * (1885). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz12grovgoog#page/n95/mode/2up "Style and Miss Austen,"] ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''51''', pp. 84–91. * (1885). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz62grovgoog#page/n29/mode/2up "French Views on English Writers,"] ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''52''', pp. 16–25. * (1885). [https://archive.org/stream/macmillansmagaz62grovgoog#page/n145/mode/2up "Marius the Epicurean,"] ''Macmillan's Magazine'' '''52''', pp. 132–139. * (1889). [https://archive.org/stream/twentiethcentury25londuoft#page/454/mode/2up "The New Reformation: A Dialogue,"] ''The Nineteenth Century'' '''25''', pp. 454–480. * (1899). "The New Reformation II: A Conscience Clause for the Laity," ''The Nineteenth Century'' '''46''', pp. 654–672. * (1908). [https://archive.org/stream/educationalrevie36newyuoft#page/398/mode/2up "Some Suffragist Arguments,"] ''Educational Review'' '''36''', pp. 398–404. * (1908). "Why I Do Not Believe in Woman Suffrage," ''Ladies' Home Journal'' '''25''', p. 15. * (1908). [https://archive.org/stream/twentiethcentury64londuoft#page/342/mode/2up "Women's Anti-Suffrage Movement,"] ''Nineteenth Century and After'' '''64''', pp. 343–352.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Gore-Booth | first1 = Eva | year = 1908 | title = Women and the Suffrage: A Reply to Lady Lovat and Mrs. Humphry Ward | url = https://archive.org/stream/twentiethcentury64londuoft#page/494/mode/2up | journal = The Nineteenth Century and After | volume = 64 | pages = 495–506 }}</ref> * (1917). [https://archive.org/stream/bronte00chesuoft#page/12/mode/2up "Some Thoughts on Charlotte Brontë,"] In: ''Charlotte Brontë, 1816–1916: A Centenary Memorial''. London: T. Fisher Unwin, pp. 11–38. * (1918). "Let Women Say! An Appeal to the House of Lords," ''The Nineteenth Century and After'' '''83''', pp. 47–59. {{div col end}}
;Miscellany {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * (1879–1889). Personal diary. Published (1921) as ''Echoes of the 'eighties : leaves from the diary of a Victorian lady''. London: Eveleigh Nash Co. Ltd.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/echoesofeighties00victuoft | title=Echoes of the 'eighties : Leaves from the diary of a Victorian lady| year=1921}}</ref> * (1899). ''Joubert: A Selection from His Thoughts''; with a Preface by Mrs. Humphry Ward. * (1899–1900). ''The Life and Work of the Sisters Brontë''. 7 vols.; with an Introduction by Mrs. Humphry Ward. * (1901). ''The Case for the Factory Acts'', Ed. by Beatrice Webb; with a Preface by Mrs. Humphry Ward. * (1908). ''The Forewarners: A Novel'', by Giovanni Cena; with a Preface by Mrs. Humphry Ward. * (1911). {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Lyly, John |volume= 17 |last= Ward |first= Mary Augusta |author-link= Mary Augusta Ward | pages = 159–162 |short= 1}} * (1917). ''Six Women and the Invasion'', by Gabrielle & Marguerite Yerta; with a Preface by Mrs. Humphry Ward. * (1920). ''Evening Play Centres for Children'', by Janet Penrose Trevelyan; with a Preface by Mrs. Humphry Ward. {{div col end}}
;Translations* (1885). ''Amiel's Journal: The Journal Intime'' (2 vols.)
;Collected works * (1909–12). ''The Writings of Mrs Humphry Ward.'' Houghton Mifflin (16 vols.) * (1911–12). ''The Writings of Mrs Humphry Ward.'' Westmoreland Edition (16 vols.)
==Filmography== *''The Marriage of William Ashe'', directed by Cecil Hepworth (UK, 1916, based on the novel ''The Marriage of William Ashe'') *''Missing'', directed by James Young (1918, based on the novel ''Missing'') *''Lady Rose's Daughter'', directed by Hugh Ford (1920, based on the novel ''Lady Rose's Daughter'') *''The Marriage of William Ashe'', directed by Edward Sloman (1921, based on the novel ''The Marriage of William Ashe'')
==References== {{Reflist|30em}}
===Bibliography=== *Sutherland, John. ''Mrs Humphry Ward: Eminent Victorian, Pre-eminent Edwardian'' (Oxford University Press, 1990) {{ISBN|978-019818587-1}} [https://archive.org/details/mrshumphryward00john_0 online] *{{Dictionary of Australian Biography|First=Mary Augusta|Last=Ward|shortlink=0-dict-biogWa.html#ward2}} *{{EB1911|wstitle=Ward, Mary Augusta|volume=28|last= Chisholm |first= Hugh |author-link= Hugh Chisholm|pages=320–321|short=1}}
==Further reading== {{Refbegin|30em}} * {{cite journal | last1 = Adcock | first1 = A. St. John | author-link = Arthur St. John Adcock | year = 1903 | title = Mrs Humphry Ward | journal = The Bookman | volume = 24 | pages = 199–204 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Beetz | first1 = Kirk H | year = 1990 | title = Review of Mrs. Humphry Ward (1851–1920) A Bibliography | journal = Victorian Periodicals Review | volume = 23 | issue = 2| pages = 73–76 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Bellringer | first1 = Alan W | year = 1985 | title = Mrs Humphry Ward's Autobiographical Tactics: A Writer's Recollections | journal = Prose Studies | volume = 8 | issue = 3| pages = 40–50 | doi=10.1080/01440358508586253}} * Bennett, Arnold (1917). [https://archive.org/stream/bookspersonsbein00benniala#page/46/mode/2up "Mrs Humphry Ward's Heroines."] In: ''Books and Persons''. New York: George H. Doran, pp. 47–52. * Bensick, Carol M. (1999). "'Partly Sympathy and Partly Rebellion': Mary Ward, the Scarlet Letter, and Hawthorne." In: ''Hawthorne and Women: Engendering and Expanding the Hawthorne Tradition''. Ed. John L. Ido, Jr. and Melinda M. Ponder. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, pp. 159–167. * Bergonzi, Bernard (2001). "Aldous Huxley and Aunt Mary." In: ''Aldous Huxley: Between East and West''. Ed. C. C. Barfoot. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Rodopi, pp. 9–17. * Bindslev, Anne M. (1985). ''Mrs. Humphry Ward: A Study in Late-Victorian Feminine Consciousness and Creative Expression''. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International. * Boughton, Gillian E. (2005). "Dr. Arnold's Granddaughter: Mary Augusta Ward". In: ''The Child Writer from Austen to Woolf''. Ed. Christine Alexander and Juliet McMaster. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 237–53. * {{cite journal | last1 = Bush | first1 = Julia | year = 2005 | title = 'Special Strengths for Their Own Special Duties': Women, Higher Education and Gender Conservatism in Late Victorian Britain | journal = History of Education | volume = 34 | issue = 4| pages = 387–405 | doi=10.1080/00467600500129583| s2cid = 143995552 }} * Collister, Peter (1980). "Mrs Humphry Ward, Vernon Lee, and Henry James," ''The Review of English Studies'', New Series, Vol. 31, No. 123, pp. 315–321. * Courtney, W.L. (1904). [https://archive.org/stream/femininenoteinfi00courrich#page/n43/mode/2up "Mrs Humphry Ward."] In: ''The Feminine Note in Fiction''. London: Chapman & Hall, pp. 3–41. * Cross, Wilbur L. (1899). [https://archive.org/stream/developmentofeng00crosuoft#page/268/mode/2up "Philosophical Realism: Mrs. Humphry Ward and Thomas Hardy."] In: ''The Development of the English Novel''. New York: The Macmillan Company, pp. 268–280. * Fawkes, Alfred (1913). [https://archive.org/stream/cu31924029380486#page/n461/mode/2up "The Ideas of Mrs. Humphry Ward."] In: ''Studies in Modernism''. London: Smith, Elder & Co., pp. 447–468. * Gardiner, A.G. (1914). [https://archive.org/stream/pillarsofsociety00gardiala#page/124/mode/2up "Mrs. Humphry Ward."] In: ''Pillars of Society''. London: James Nisbett & Co., Limited. * Hamel, F. (1903). "The Scenes of Mrs. Humphry Ward's Novels," ''The Bookman'', pp. 144–152. * James, Henry (1893). [https://archive.org/stream/essaysinlondonel00jame#page/252/mode/2up "Mrs. Humphry Ward."] In: ''Essays in London and Elsewhere''. New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers. * {{cite journal | last1 = Lederer | first1 = Clara | year = 1951 | title = Mary Arnold Ward and the Victorian Ideal | journal = Nineteenth-Century Fiction | volume = 6 | issue = 3| pages = 201–208 | doi=10.2307/3044175| jstor = 3044175 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Lovett | first1 = Robert M | year = 1919 | title = Mary in Wonderland | url = https://archive.org/stream/dialjournallitcrit66chicrich#page/n477/mode/2up | journal = The Dial | volume = 66 | pages = 463–465 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Mabie | first1 = Hamilton W | year = 1903 | title = The Work of Mrs. Humphry Ward | journal = The North American Review | volume = 176 | issue = 557| pages = 481–489 | jstor=25119382}} * {{cite journal | last1 = MacFall | first1 = Haldane | year = 1904 | title = Literary Portraits: Mrs. Humphry Ward | url = https://archive.org/stream/canadianmagazine23torouoft#page/496/mode/2up | journal = The Canadian Magazine | volume = 23 | pages = 497–499 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Murry | first1 = John Middleton | author-link = John Middleton Murry | year = 1918 | title = The Victorian Solitude | url = http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951000901766n;view=1up;seq=692 | journal = The Living Age | volume = 299 | pages = 680–682 }} * {{cite journal | last1 = Norton-Smith | first1 = J | year = 1968 | title = An Introduction to Mrs. Humphry Ward, Novelist | journal = Essays in Criticism | volume = 18 | issue = 4| pages = 420–428 | doi=10.1093/eic/xviii.4.420}} * Olcott, Charles S. (1914). [https://archive.org/stream/lureofcamera00olco#page/94/mode/2up "The Country of Mrs. Humphry Ward."] In: ''The Lure of the Camera''. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. * {{cite journal | last1 = Phillips | first1 = Roland | year = 1903 | title = Mrs. Humphry Ward | url = https://archive.org/stream/lamp00sonsgoog#page/n22/mode/2up | journal = The Lamp | volume = 26 | issue = 3| pages = 17–20 | pmid = 5192334 }} * Smith, Esther Marian Greenwell (1980). ''Mrs. Humphry Ward''. Boston: Twayne Publishers. * Sutherland, John (1988). "A Girl in the Bodleian: Mary Ward's Room of Her Own," ''Browning Institute Studies'', Vol. 16, Victorian Learning, pp. 169–179. * {{cite journal | last1 = Sutton-Ramspeck | first1 = Beth | year = 1990 | title = The Personal Is Poetical: Feminist Criticism and Mary Ward's Readings of the Brontës | journal = Victorian Studies | volume = 34 | issue = 1| pages = 55–75 }} * Trevelyan, Janet Penrose (1923). [http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015011037481;view=1up;seq=7 ''The Life of Mrs. Humphry Ward'']. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company. * Walters, J. Stuart (1912). [https://archive.org/stream/mrshumphrywardhe00walt#page/n9/mode/2up ''Mrs. Humphry Ward: Her Work and Influence'']. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., Ltd. {{Refend}}
==External links== {{commons category}} {{Wikiquote}} {{wikisource|works=or}} {{Library resources box|by=yes|onlinebooks=yes|viaf=27084321}} ;Digital collections * {{StandardEbooks|Standard Ebooks URL=https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/mary-augusta-ward}} * {{Internet Archive author |sname=Mary Augusta Ward}} * {{Gutenberg author| id=2629| name=Mary Augusta Ward}} * {{Librivox author |id=2055}} * [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Search/Home?lookfor=%22Ward,%20Humphry,%20Mrs.,%201851-1920.%22&type=author&inst= Works by Mary Augusta Ward], at HathiTrust
;Physical collections *[https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_4079447 Finding aid to Mary A. (Mrs. Humphry) Ward papers at Columbia University. Rare Book & Manuscript Library.] *Mrs. Humphry Ward Collection. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. *[https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c80z794b/ Mrs. Humphry Ward Papers], Special Collections, The Claremont Colleges Library, Claremont, California.
;Other links * [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/printable/36736 Ward [née Arnold<nowiki>]</nowiki>, Mary Augusta] * [http://www.victoriansecrets.co.uk/victorian-fiction-research-guides/mrs-humphry-ward/ Mrs Humphry Ward – Victorian Fiction Research Guide] * [http://www.uua.org/uuhs/duub/articles/maryaugustaward.html Ward at the Dictionary of Unitarian & Universalist Biography] * [http://www.victorianweb.org/books/suicide/08.html#ward Mary Augusta Ward at The Victorian Web] * [http://www.indiana.edu/~letrs/vwwp/vwwplib.pl?#ward Works by Ward at The Victorian Women Writers Project] * [http://www.marywardcentre.ac.uk/ Mary Ward Centre] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010224021722/http://humanities.uwe.ac.uk/corehistorians/suffrage/document/speeward.htm Women's National Anti-Suffrage League] * {{UK National Archives ID}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ward, Mary Augusta}} Category:1851 births Category:1920 deaths Category:19th-century English novelists Category:19th-century English women writers Category:20th-century English women writers Category:20th-century English novelists Category:Victorian novelists Category:Victorian women writers Category:Huxley family Category:Writers from Hobart Category:English women novelists Category:English Unitarians Category:Female critics of feminism Category:Critics of feminism Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Category:19th-century pseudonymous women writers Category:19th-century pseudonymous writers Category:20th-century pseudonymous writers Category:People associated with Somerville College, Oxford Category:British anti-suffragists Category:19th-century English non-fiction writers Category:English women non-fiction writers Category:20th-century pseudonymous women writers