{{short description|Settlement in Waikato, New Zealand}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}} {{Use New Zealand English|date=November 2022}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Motuoapa | native_name = | native_name_lang = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead --> | settlement_type = Rural settlement | image_skyline = {{Annotated image | image = Turangi1b.jpg | image-width = 800 <!--903 ----><!-- 800 × 600 pixels---> | image-left = -290 | image-top = -150 | width = 300 | height = 150 | float = center | annotations = | caption = Motuoapa and peninsula from [[Tūrangi]] towards north }} | image_alt = | image_caption = | etymology = | nickname = | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 9 | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|-38.934|175.873|region:NZ_type:city|display=it}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[New Zealand]] | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = [[Waikato]] region | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = [[Taupō District]] | subdivision_type3 = Ward | subdivision_name3 = Turangi-Tongariro Ward | subdivision_type4 = Community | subdivision_name4 = Turangi-Tongariro Community | leader_title = Territorial Authority | leader_name = [[Taupō District Council]] | leader_title1 = Regional council | leader_name1 = [[Waikato Regional Council]] | leader_title2 = [[Mayor of Taupō]] | leader_name2 = {{NZ officeholder data|Taupō District Mayor|y}} | leader_title3 = [[Taupō (New Zealand electorate)|Taupō MP]] | leader_name3 = {{NZ officeholder data|Taupō MP|y}} | leader_title4 = [[Waiariki (New Zealand electorate)|Waiariki MP]] | leader_name4 = {{NZ officeholder data|Waiariki MP|y}} | seat_type = [[New Zealand electorates|Electorates]] | seat = {{ubl|[[Taupō (New Zealand electorate)|Taupō]]|[[Waiariki (New Zealand electorate)|Waiariki]] ([[Māori electorates|Māori]])}} | area_footnotes = <ref name="Area"/> | area_total_km2 = 3.34 | population_footnotes = {{NZ population data 2018||||y}} | population_as_of = {{NZ population data 2018|||y}} | population_total = {{NZ population data 2018|Motuoapa|y}} | population_density_km2 = auto }} '''Motuoapa''' is a rural settlement northeast of [[Tūrangi]], on the southeast side of New Zealand's [[Lake Taupō]].<ref>{{LINZ|3604|Motuoapa|2022-11-13}}</ref> {{NZlSH|1}} runs through it. Motuoapa Peninsula, a volcano, rises to the northwest, with a trig point at 497 metres, and Motuoapa Bay is directly to the north.<ref>{{cite map|url=https://www.topomap.co.nz/NZTopoMap/nz54207/Motuoapa/Waikato|title=Motuoapa, Waikato|publisher=NZ Topomap|first=Gavin|last=Harriss|date=August 2022}}</ref>
A [[Youth Hostel Association of New Zealand|youth hostel]] opened at Motuoapa in 1955<ref>{{cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19560512.2.50?query=Motuoapa|newspaper=[[The Press]]|date=12 May 1956|title=Youth Hostels in N.Z. Increase in Members}}</ref> and a [[marina]] was built in 1961.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19611024.2.176?query=Motuoapa|newspaper=[[The Press]]|date=24 October 1961|title=Boating Marina Built On Lake Taupo Shores}}</ref>
==Demographics== Statistics New Zealand describes Motuoapa as a rural settlement, which covers {{Convert|3.34|km2||abbr=on}}.<ref name="Area">{{Cite web|title=Stats NZ Geographic Data Service|url=https://datafinder.stats.govt.nz/data/|at=Urban Rural 2023 (generalised)|access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> It had an estimated population of {{NZ population data 2018|Motuoapa|y}} as of {{NZ population data 2018|||y|y||,}} with a population density of {{Decimals|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2018|Motuoapa|y}}|R}}/3.34|0}} people per km<sup>2</sup>. The settlement is part of the larger [[Pukawa#Lake Taupō Bays statistical area|Lake Taupō Bays statistical area]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://statsnz.maps.arcgis.com/apps/instant/sidebar/index.html?appid=3a406ce8fbb14367ab5caae21c07ab8b|title=Geographic Boundary Viewer|publisher=Stats NZ|at=Statistical Area 1 – 2023 and Statistical Area 2 – 2023}}</ref>
{{Historical populations|2006|228|2013|237|2018|360|2023|492|percentages=pagr|align=left|source=<ref name="Census 2023"/><ref name="Census 2018">{{NZ census 2018|7013299 and 7013300}}</ref>}} Motuoapa had a population of 492 in the [[2023 New Zealand census]], an increase of 132 people (36.7%) since the [[2018 New Zealand census|2018 census]], and an increase of 255 people (107.6%) since the [[2013 New Zealand census|2013 census]]. There were 255 males and 237 females in 213 dwellings.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs[0]=2023%20Census%2C0%7CTotals%20by%20topic%23CAT_TOTALS_BY_TOPIC%23&pg=0&fc=Variable%20codes&bp=true&snb=9&df[ds]=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df[id]=CEN23_TBT_005&df[ag]=STATSNZ&df[vs]=1.0&dq=doTotal%2Bdo1.1216.2023&ly[rw]=CEN23_TBT_DWD_003|publisher=Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer|access-date=3 October 2024|title=Totals by topic for dwellings, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses}}</ref> 1.2% of people identified as [[LGBTQ|LGBTIQ+]]. The median age was 58.1 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 60 people (12.2%) aged under 15 years, 48 (9.8%) aged 15 to 29, 213 (43.3%) aged 30 to 64, and 168 (34.1%) aged 65 or older.<ref name="Census 2023"/>
People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 82.9% [[European New Zealanders|European]] ([[Pākehā]]); 26.2% [[Māori people|Māori]]; 2.4% [[Pasifika New Zealanders|Pasifika]]; 2.4% [[Asian New Zealanders|Asian]]; 0.6% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 6.1% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English was spoken by 97.6%, Māori by 7.9%, and other languages by 3.7%. No language could be spoken by 0.6% (e.g. too young to talk). The percentage of people born overseas was 18.9, compared with 28.8% nationally.<ref name="Census 2023"/>
Religious affiliations were 29.9% [[Christianity in New Zealand|Christian]], 3.0% [[Māori religious beliefs]], and 1.2% other religions. People who answered that they had [[Irreligion in New Zealand|no religion]] were 51.8%, and 13.4% of people did not answer the census question.<ref name="Census 2023"/>
Of those at least 15 years old, 81 (18.8%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 243 (56.2%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 105 (24.3%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $35,500, compared with $41,500 nationally. 33 people (7.6%) earned over $100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was 189 (43.8%) full-time, 57 (13.2%) part-time, and 12 (2.8%) unemployed.<ref name="Census 2023">{{Cite web|url=https://explore.data.stats.govt.nz/vis?fs[0]=2023%20Census%2C0%7CTotals%20by%20topic%23CAT_TOTALS_BY_TOPIC%23&pg=0&fc=Variable%20codes&bp=true&snb=9&df[ds]=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df[id]=CEN23_TBT_008&df[ag]=STATSNZ&df[vs]=1.0&dq=hq011%2Bhq010%2Bhq009%2Bhq008%2Bhq007%2Bhq006%2Bhq005%2Bhq004%2Bhq003%2Bhq002%2Bhq001%2Bhq000%2Bws1%2Bsp99%2Bra80%2Bra08%2Bra07%2Bra06%2Bra05%2Bra01%2Bra04%2Bra03%2Bra02%2Bra00%2Brb1%2Bls66%2Bls03%2Bls02%2Bls05%2Bls04%2Bls01%2Beg6%2Beg5%2Beg4%2Beg3%2Beg2%2Beg1%2BbiTotal%2Bbi0%2Bbi1%2BasTotalLG%2Bas4%2Bas3%2Bas2%2Bas1%2Bws4%2Bws3%2Bws2%2Bge3%2Bge2%2Bge1%2Brc%2BasMed%2BegTotal%2BlsTotal%2BgeTotal%2BrbTotal%2BraTotal%2BhqTotal%2BibTotal%2Bib7%2Bibmed%2BwsTotal.1216.2013%2B2018%2B2023&to[TIME]=false&ly[rw]=CEN23_TBT_IND_003&ly[cl]=CEN23_YEAR_001|publisher=Stats NZ – Tatauranga Aotearoa – Aotearoa Data Explorer|access-date=3 October 2024|title=Totals by topic for individuals, (RC, TALB, UR, SA3, SA2, Ward, Health), 2013, 2018, and 2023 Censuses|at=Motuoapa (1216)}}</ref>
==Geology== {{maplink|frame=yes |frame-align=right |text=Map showing surface volcanic deposits near Motuoapa Peninsula. {{Wikipedia:Map data/Northern North Island Volcanics/key}} |raw=[{{Wikipedia:Map data/Northern North Island Volcanics}},{ "type": "Feature", "properties": { "marker-size": "small", "marker-color": "#ff0000", "marker-symbol": "volcano", "title": "Motuoapa Peninsula volcano" }, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates":[175.86,-38.92]} }]|frame-width=318 |frame-height=280 |frame-lat=-38.934 |frame-long=175.835 |icon=no |zoom=11 }} The highest point of Motuoapa Peninsula, at its north-eastern tip is a [[dacite]] volcano that has been dated as last erupting at 34,500 ± 3,100 years ago.<ref name=Kósik2021>{{cite journal|last1 =Kósik|first1 =S|last2 =Németh|first2 =K|last3 =Danišík|first3 =M|last4 =Procter|first4 =JN|last5 =Schmitt|first5 =AK|last6 = Friedrichs|first6 =B|last7 =Stewart|first7 =RB|title =Shallow subaqueous to emergent intra-caldera silicic volcanism of the Motuoapa Peninsula, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand–New constraints from geologic mapping, sedimentology and zircon geochronology| journal =Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research| year=2021|volume =411|number =107180|doi=10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107180|bibcode =2021JVGR..41107180K| url= https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348594991 |access-date=25 November 2023}}</ref> The other volcanic formations, some of which the dacite cone is built upon, are older [[rhyolite]] with two different eruption ages of 81,300 and 77,200 years ago.<ref name=Kósik2021/> At the time of the rhyolite eruptions, they were initially on the lake floor of the former [[Lake Huka]] which was replaced by [[Lake Taupō]] after the [[Oruanui eruption]] of the [[Taupō Volcano]] 25,400 years ago.<ref name=Kósik2021/> Although the [[magma]] reservoir that fed these Motuoapa eruptions appears to be separate from the one(s) that produced the more recent much larger Taupō eruptions, the type of eruption commencing under water but not staying underwater is felt possible in the future from the Taupō Volcano.<ref name=Kósik2021/> A perhaps unexpected characteristic is the thickness of the pyroclastic deposits produced at Motuoapa, as these indicate that such rhyolite dome building which was assumed to be mostly effusive, can have [[Pyroclastic flow|explosive pyroclastic]] stages that would be very disruptive and dangerous.<ref name=Kósik2021/> ==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Taupō District}} [[Category:Taupō District]] [[Category:Populated places in Waikato]] [[Category:Populated places on Lake Taupō]]