{{Short description|American Episcopal priest, theologist, and author}} {{Infobox Christian leader | type = Rector | honorific_prefix = The Reverend | name = Morgan Dix | honorific_suffix = STD, D.D., DDC | title = Rector of Trinity Church Wall Street | image = Morgan Dix.jpg | caption = Photo of Dix by Mathew Brady | church = Episcopal Church | province = Province 2 of the Episcopal Church | diocese = Episcopal Diocese of New York | parents = John Adams Dix (father) | birth_date = {{Birth date|1827|11|1|mf=yes}} | birth_place = New York City, New York, U.S. | death_place = New York City, New York, U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|1908|4|29|1827|11|1|mf=yes}} | alma_mater = Columbia College<br>General Theological Seminary | shrine = Trinity Church, New York | spouse = Emily Wolsey Soutter | ordination = May 22, 1853 }}
'''Morgan Dix''' (November 1, 1827 – April 29, 1908) was an American Episcopal Church priest, theologian, and religious author.
==Early life== Dix was born on November 1, 1827, in New York City. He was the son of Catherine Morgan, the adopted daughter of Congressman John J. Morgan, and Major General John Adams Dix, U.S. Senator from New York (from 1845 to 1849), Secretary of the Treasury (from January–March 1861), Governor of New York (from 1873 to 1874) and Union major general during the Civil War. His father was notable for arresting six members of the pro-Southern Maryland legislature,<ref name="Reed2015">{{cite book|author=Thomas J. Reed|title=Avenging Lincoln's Death: The Trial of John Wilkes Booth's Accomplices|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VsZnCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA18|date=12 November 2015|publisher=Fairleigh Dickinson University Press|isbn=978-1-61147-828-0|page=18}}</ref> preventing that divided border state from seceding, and for arranging a system for prisoner exchange via the Dix–Hill Cartel, concluded in partnership with Confederate Major General Daniel Harvey Hill.
Dix was educated at Columbia College and the General Theological Seminary.
==Career== For almost fifty-three years, he was identified with Trinity Church, New York, of which he became assistant minister in 1855 and rector in 1862.
[[File:Joseph Ferdinand, Keppler Rapid Transit to Sheol 1888 Cornell CUL PJM 1097 01.jpg|thumb|left|''Rapid Transit to Sheol - Where We Are All Going According to the Reverend Dr. Morgan Dix''<br>1888 satirical cartoon by Joseph Keppler in ''Puck'' magazine]] thumb|All Saints’ Chapel
As well as being a very active churchman, Dix also wrote widely about the practice of Christianity. Among his major works are ''Commentaries on Romans and on Galatians and Colossians; The Calling of a Christian Woman; The Seven Deadly Sins; The Sacramental System;'' and ''Lectures on the First Prayer-Book of Edward VI''. Louis Harmon Peet.<ref>Staff (1907) [http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&db=handybkaa&h=290&tid=&pid=&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true&rhSource=8054 ''Morgan Dix''] ''Handy Book of American Authors''. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell and Co.</ref>
He objected to the entrance of girls into universities, because it was not "proper for young women to be exposed to the gaze of young men, many of whom were less bent upon learning than upon amusement."<ref>The Arena Volume 4, No. 22, September, 1891 (available on Gutenberg)</ref> He was an hereditary companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.
In 1880, he was subject to a sinister hoax that stretched over several months and became the subject of much comment in the New York City newspapers of the time.<ref>[http://strangeco.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-great-trinity-church-hoax-or-dix.html The Great Trinity Church Hoax]</ref> The arrest of the hoaxer (who was subsequently given a prison sentence) ended the incident.
{{clear left}} thumb|The New Student's Reference Work
==Personal life== On June 3, 1874 at the residence of the bride's mother, 22 West Seventeenth street, New York City, New York, Dix married Emily Wolsey Soutter. Her parents were James Taylor Soutter Sr. and Agnes Gordon Knox formerly of Virginia.<ref>[http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=1860usfedcenancestry&indiv=try&h=48380737 1860 U.S. Federal Census: Emily W. Soutter]</ref> Horatio Potter, Bishop of the Diocese officiated the ceremony.<ref>[http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&db=NYCmarriages_ga&h=222090&tid=&pid=&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true&rhSource=6742 New York City Marriages: Emily W. Soutter]</ref><ref>The New York Times (New York, New York), 4 Jun 1874, Thursday, Page 8.</ref>
Together they had the following children:
*John Adams Dix,<ref name="NYTWedding"/> a 1902 graduate of Harvard who married Sophie W. Townsend, the granddaughter of Howard Townsend and Justine Van Rensselaer<ref name="Kerstein">{{cite web|last1=Kerstein|first1=Bob|title=Charles Lanier|url=http://smokershistory.com/Central.htm|website=smokershistory.com|publisher=Bank History, Central Trust Company of New York|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305011406/http://smokershistory.com/Central.htm|access-date=7 April 2016|url-status=usurped|archive-date=2021-03-05}}</ref> *Emily Margaret Gordon Dix, who married Charles Lanier Lawrance (1882–1950) in 1910<ref name="NYTWedding">{{cite news|last1=Staff|title=Miss Dix to be a Bride; Daughter of Late Rector of Trinity to Wed Charles Lanier Lawrance |url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1910/04/05/104928646.html?pageNumber=11|access-date=7 April 2016|newspaper=The New York Times|date=April 5, 1910}}</ref> *Catherine Morgan Dix, who married William H. Wheelock<ref name="NYTWedding"/>
On the north side of the Trinity Church is the All Saints’ Chapel, added in 1913 in honor of Dix, Rector from 1862-1908. A cenotaph (or memorial) in the likeness of Dix is in the entry to the Chapel.
== Works ==
* ''The Holy Communion: a Sense of Unworthiness no Ground for Keeping back from It.'' (1859), * ''May I Come to the Holy Communion?'' (1860), * ''The Way of God in the Storm.'' (1861), * ''An Exposition of the Epistle of Saint Paul to the Romans: According to the Analogy of the Catholic Faith.'' (1862), * ''The Duty and Office of the Priest'' (1865), * ''The Book of Hours: In which are Contained Offices for the Seven Canonical Hours, Litanies, and Other Devotions'' (1866), * ''Lectures on the Two Estates; That of the Wedded in the Lord, and That of the Single for the Kingdom of Heaven's Sake.'' (1872), * ''A Plea for Toleration.'' (1874), * ''Lectures on the First Prayer Book of King Edward VI.'' (1881), * ''Lectures on the Calling of a Christian Woman, and Her Training to Fulfil it, Delivered during the Season of Lent,'' (1883), * ''The Sacramental System Considered as the Extension of the Incarnation'' (1893), * ''Blessing and Ban from the Cross of Christ: Meditations on the Seven Words on the Cross'' (1894), * ''Three Guardians of Supernatural Religion'' (1901), * ''The Creed: A Full and Sufficient Statement of the Christian Faith.'' (1905).
==References== '''Notes''' {{reflist}}
'''Bibliography''' * {{NSRW|wstitle=Dix, Morgan}} * Swanberg, W. A. (1968) ''The Rector and the Rogue'' New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
== External links == {{Commons category|Morgan Dix}} * [http://anglicanhistory.org/usa/mdix/index.html Bibliographic Directory on Morgan Dix] at Project Canterbury * [https://www.trinitywallstreet.org/about/history/guide-to-archives/rectors-office#dix Morgan Dix records at Trinity Wall Street Archives] {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dix, Morgan}} <!--Categories--> Category:1827 births Category:1908 deaths Category:Place of birth missing Category:Episcopalians from New York (state) Category:Columbia College, Columbia University alumni Category:General Theological Seminary alumni Category:19th-century American Episcopal priests Category:20th-century American Episcopal priests Category:Episcopal bishops of New York Category:American religious writers Category:American Episcopal theologians Category:19th-century Anglican theologians Category:Sacramental theology Category:American sermon writers