{{Short description|Canton in San José province, Costa Rica}} {{Expand Spanish|Cantón de Moravia|date=October 2024|topic=geo}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Moravia | native_name_lang = es | settlement_type = [[Cantons of Costa Rica|Canton]] | pushpin_map = Costa Rica San José#Costa Rica | pushpin_map_alt = Moravia canton location in San José Province##Moravia canton location in Costa Rica | pushpin_map_caption = Moravia canton location in San José Province##Moravia canton location in Costa Rica | coordinates = {{coord|10.0087693|-84.0215787|type:adm2nd_region:CR|display=inline,title}} | image_flag = Bandera Cantón Moravia, San José, Costa Rica.svg | image_seal = Escudo del cantón de Moravia.svg | image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|type=shape|title=Moravia canton}} | map_alt = Moravia canton | map_caption = Moravia canton | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | established_title = Creation | established_date = 1 August 1914 | named_for = [[Juan Rafael Mora Porras]] | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{CRI}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Costa Rica|Province]] | subdivision_name1 = [[San José Province|San José]] | seat_type = Head city | seat = [[San Vicente District, Moravia|San Vicente]] | government_type = [[Local government in Costa Rica|Municipality]] | governing_body = {{lang|es|Municipalidad de Moravia}} | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Diego Armando López López (PSM) | parts_type = [[Districts of Costa Rica|Districts]] | parts_style = list | parts = Districts | p1 = [[San Vicente District, Moravia|San Vicente]] | p2 = [[San Jerónimo District, Moravia|San Jerónimo]] | p3 = [[La Trinidad District|La Trinidad]] | area_total_km2 = 28.82 | elevation_m = 1297 | population_total = 56919 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_est = 59546 | pop_est_as_of = 2022 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone1 = [[UTC−06:00]] | blank_name = Canton code | blank_info = 114 | website = {{URL|https://moravia.go.cr/}} }} '''Moravia''' is the fourteenth [[Cantons of Costa Rica|canton]] in the [[San José Province|San José]] province of [[Costa Rica]].<ref name="divadm">{{cite web |language=es |title=Declara oficial para efectos administrativos, la aprobación de la División Territorial Administrativa de la República N°41548-MGP |url=http://www.pgrweb.go.cr/scij/Busqueda/Normativa/Normas/nrm_texto_completo.aspx?param1=NRTC&nValor1=1&nValor2=88416&nValor3=115607¶m2=1&strTipM=TC&lResultado=1&strSim=simp |website=Sistema Costarricense de Información Jurídica |access-date=26 September 2020 |date=19 March 2019}}</ref><ref name="dta2017">{{cite book |language=es |title=División Territorial Administrativa de la República de Costa Rica|date=8 March 2017|publisher=Editorial Digital de la Imprenta Nacional|isbn=978-9977-58-477-5|url=https://www.imprentanacional.go.cr/editorialdigital/libros/historiaygeografia/division_17.pdf}}</ref> The head city of the canton is [[San Vicente District, Moravia|San Vicente]].
==Toponymy== It is named in honour of [[List of Presidents of Costa Rica|President]] [[Juan Rafael Mora Porras]] (1814 – 1860). Since there was already a canton called [[Mora (canton)|Mora]], this one was named Moravia.<ref>[http://www.moravia.go.cr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11&Itemid=22 Cantón de Moravia] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111229080355/http://www.moravia.go.cr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11&Itemid=22 |date=2011-12-29 }} Municipalidad de Moravia. Retrieved: 2012-03-13. {{in lang|es}}</ref>
== History == Moravia was created on 1 August 1914 by decree 55.<ref name="dta2017"/>
Law No. 55 established Villa San Vicente on 1 August 1914. The first session of the Council of Moravia was held on 19 January 1915, and the first electric street lighting was installed in the same year. Law No. 3248 gave the town of San Vicente city status on 6 December 1963.<ref name="reseña" />
== Geography == Moravia has an area of {{cvt|28.82|km2}}<ref name="ignarea">{{Cite web |author=Instituto Geográfico Nacional de Costa Rica |date=20 June 2024 |title=División Territorial Administrativa, 2024 |trans-title=Administrative Territorial Division, 2024 |url=https://files.snitcr.go.cr/boletines/DTA-TABLA%20POR%20PROVINCIA-CANT%C3%93N-DISTRITO%202024.pdf |language=es |format=PDF}}</ref> and a mean elevation of {{cvt|1297|m}}.<ref name="divadm"/>
The elongated canton begins in the northern suburbs of the national capital city of [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]] and continues northeast toward the [[Cordillera Central (Costa Rica)|Cordillera Central]] (Central Mountain Range). The Virilla, Pará, and Blanco rivers on the north and west, and the Quebrada Azul and Macho rivers on the southeast, partially delineate the boundaries of the canton.<ref name="map">[http://ccp.ucr.ac.cr/bvp/mapoteca/CostaRica/generales/atlas_cantonal_1984/15-Moravia.pdf Map of Moravia] Atlas Cantonal de Costa Rica, 1985.</ref>
Other rivers in Moravia include Quebrada Barreal, Quebrada Lajas, Quebrada San Francisco, Quebrada Tornillal, Quebrada Yerbabuena, Acequia, Agrá, Hondura, Ipís, Pará Grande, Paracito, and Zurquí. Mountain peaks in the area include Zurquí (1,583m), Vargas (1,396m), and Trina (1,270m).<ref name="map" />
Moravia combines densely populated suburbs in the south with rural mountain landscapes in the San Jerónimo district to the north. The cantons surrounding Moravia are [[Vázquez de Coronado Canton|Vázquez de Coronado]] to the east and north, [[San Isidro Canton|San Isidro]], [[Santo Domingo Canton, Costa Rica|Santo Domingo]], and [[Tibás Canton|Tibás]] to the west, and [[Goicoechea Canton|Goicoechea]] to the south.<ref name="map"/>
== Government == === Mayor === According to Costa Rica's [[Local government in Costa Rica|Municipal Code]], mayors are elected every four years by the population of the canton.<ref name="codmuni">{{Cite web |author=Asamblea Legislativa de la República de Costa Rica |author-link=Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica |date=13 May 2024 |title=Código Municipal |trans-title=Municipal Code |url=http://www.pgrweb.go.cr/scij/Busqueda/Normativa/Normas/nrm_texto_completo.aspx?nValor1=1&nValor2=40197 |website=Sistema Costarricense de Información Jurídica |language=es}}</ref> As of the latest [[2024 Costa Rican municipal elections|municipal elections in 2024]], the We Are Moravia Party ({{langx|es|Partido Somos Moravia}}; PSM) candidate, Diego Armando López López, was elected mayor of the canton with 45.36% of the votes, with Alejandra Hernández Novoa and Gerhard Phillip Hernández Padilla as first and second vice mayors, respectively.<ref name="2024alcdec2">{{Cite web |author=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |author-link=Supreme Electoral Court of Costa Rica |date=8 March 2024 |title=N.° 1658-E11-2024 - Declaratoria de elección de alcaldías y vicealcaldías de las municipalidades de los cantones de la provincia de San José, para el período comprendido entre el primero de mayo de dos mil veinticuatro y el treinta de abril de dos mil veintiocho. |url=https://www.tse.go.cr/juris/relevantes/1658-E11-2024.html |language=es}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto" |+ Mayors of Moravia since the [[2002 Costa Rican municipal elections|2002 elections]]<ref name="decs">{{Cite web |author=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |author-link=Supreme Electoral Court of Costa Rica |title=Resoluciones declaratorias de elección |url=https://www.tse.go.cr/declaratorias.htm |website=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |language=es}}</ref> !Period !Name !Party |- |[[2002 Costa Rican municipal elections|2002–2006]] |Alejandro Hidalgo Carballo |[[File:Bandera de Partido Liberación Nacional.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|PLN]] |- |[[2006 Costa Rican municipal elections|2006–2010]] |Edgar Vargas Jiménez |[[File:Bandera Partido Acción Ciudadana Costa Rica.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] [[Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)|PAC]] |- |[[2010 Costa Rican municipal elections|2010–2016]] |Juan Pablo Hernández Cortés |[[File:Bandera de Partido Liberación Nacional.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|PLN]] |- |[[2016 Costa Rican municipal elections|2016–2020]] | rowspan="2" |Roberto Zoch Gutiérrez |[[File:Bandera Partido Acción Ciudadana Costa Rica.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] [[Citizens' Action Party (Costa Rica)|PAC]] |- |[[2020 Costa Rican municipal elections|2020–2024]] | rowspan="2" |[[File:Bandera Partido Somos Moravia Costa Rica.svg|border|frameless|upright=.1]] PSM |- |[[2024 Costa Rican municipal elections|2024–2028]] |Diego Armando López López |}
=== Municipal Council === Like the mayor and vice mayors, members of the Municipal Council (called {{lang|es|regidores}}) are elected every four years. Moravia's Municipal Council has 7 seats for regidores and their substitutes, who can participate in meetings but not vote unless the owning regidor ({{Lang|es|regidor propietario}}) is absent.<ref name="codmuni"/> The current president of the Municipal Council is We Are Moravia Party regidor Randall Emilio Montero Rodríguez, with [[Progressive Liberal Party (Costa Rica)|Progressive Liberal Party]] regidora Grethel Fernández Carmona as vice-president.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Secretaría del Concejo Municipal de Moravia |date=14 October 2024 |title=Sesión Ordinaria N.°024 |url=https://moravia.go.cr/download/ordinaria-024-2024-14-10-2024/?wpdmdl=16645&refresh=6722cccbb2bb51730333899 |access-date=30 October 2024}}</ref> The Municipal Council's composition for the 2024–2028 period is as follows:
{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="margin:auto;" |+ Composition of the Municipal Council of Moravia after the [[2024 Costa Rican municipal elections|2024 municipal elections]]<ref name="2024regdec2">{{Cite web |author=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones |author-link=Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones de Costa Rica |date=12 February 2024 |title=N.° 2218-E11-2024 - Declaratoria de elección de regidurías de las municipalidades de los cantones de la provincia de San José, para el período comprendido entre el primero de mayo de dos mil veinticuatro y el treinta de abril de dos mil veintiocho. |url=https://www.tse.go.cr/juris/relevantes/2218-E11-2024.html |language=es}}</ref> |- | colspan="6" |[[File:Costa Rica Moravia Concejo Municipal 2024.svg|frameless|center]] |- ! colspan="6" |'''Political parties in the Municipal Council of Moravia''' |----- ! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Political party ! colspan="3" |Regidores |- !№ !Owner !Substitute |- | rowspan="3" |[[File:Bandera Partido Somos Moravia Costa Rica.svg|border|frameless|upright=.2]] | rowspan="3" |We Are Moravia (PSM) | rowspan="3" bgcolor="#0561AF" | | rowspan="3" |3 |Randall Emilio Montero Rodríguez<sup>(P)</sup> |Mauricio José Calvo Umaña |- |Mayra Lorena Valerio Rojas |Brenda Raquel Padilla Bermúdez |- |Marco Tulio Aguilar Bermúdez |Pedro Manuel Paganella Herrera |----- | rowspan="2" |[[File:Bandera Partido Liberal Progresista Costa Rica.svg|border|frameless|upright=.2]] | rowspan="2" |[[Progressive Liberal Party (Costa Rica)|Progressive Liberal Party]] (PLP) | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#FE6900" | | rowspan="2" |2 |Grethel Fernández Carmona<sup>(VP)</sup> |Johanna Muñoz Barahona |- |Kevin Mauricio Méndez Céspedes |Luis Eduardo Gutiérrez Montero |- | rowspan="2" |[[File:Bandera de Partido Liberación Nacional.svg|border|frameless|upright=.2]] | rowspan="2" |[[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]] (PLN) | rowspan="2" bgcolor="#186E47" | | rowspan="2" |2 |Ronald Camacho Esquivel |Carlos Gabriel Gómez Torres |- |Sandra Artavia Salas |Mayela Garro Herrera |}
== Districts == The canton of Moravia is subdivided into the following [[Districts of Costa Rica|districts]]: # [[San Vicente District, Moravia|San Vicente]] # [[San Jerónimo District, Moravia|San Jerónimo]] # [[La Trinidad District|La Trinidad]]
== Demographics == {{CR Census population}} Moravia had an estimated {{formatnum:59546}} inhabitants in 2022, up from {{formatnum:56919}} at the time of the [[Costa Rica 2011 Census|2011 census]].<ref name="2022popest">{{Cite book |author=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos |author-link=National Institute of Statistics and Census of Costa Rica |url=https://admin.inec.cr/sites/default/files/2023-10/rePoblacResultadosGenerales_Estimacion_poblacion_vivienda_2022_0.pdf |title=Estimación de Población y Vivienda 2022 : Resultados Generales |date=July 2023 |isbn=9789930525753 |language=es |trans-title=2022 Population and Housing Estimate : General Results}}</ref><ref name="censo2011">{{cite web |language=es |title=Censo. 2011. Población total por zona y sexo, según provincia, cantón y distrito |url=https://www.inec.cr/censos/censos-2011 |website=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos |access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref>
Moravia had a [[Human Development Index]] of {{formatnum:0.835}} in 2022, the fifth highest in the country.<ref name="2022hdi">{{Cite web |author=Sistema Nacional de Información y Registro Único de Beneficiarios del Estado |author2=Escuela de Estadística de la Universidad de Costa Rica |author-link2=University of Costa Rica |author3=Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo |author-link3=United Nations Development Programme |date=9 June 2023 |title=Atlas de Desarrollo Humano Cantonal en Costa Rica, 2022 |url=https://www.undp.org/es/costa-rica/publicaciones/atlas-de-desarrollo-humano-cantonal-2022/}}</ref>
==Education== [[File:Escuela Porfirio Brenes Castro.jpg|thumb|Porfirio Brenes Castro School in San Vicente]] The first school was founded in 1848, called "school for the education of the children of the residents of San Vicente", and was located on the north side of the current San Vicente city park, called Parque de Moravia. A [[charity school]] was created in 1862, with two sections, one for boys and one for women.
In 1891, an adobe and brick building was created for the school and this was renamed ''Escuela Graduada de Varones de San Vicente'' (Graduate School for Boys of Saint Vincent) in 1893. Two years later, the name ''Graduada de Mujeres de San Vicente'' (Graduate School of Women of Saint Vincent) was added and these names were maintained until 1932, when the school was renamed again as ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20110121142612/http://moravia.costaricalinda.com/Escuela_Porfirio_Brenes.htm Escuela Porfirio Brenes Castro]'', its current name. The school Porfirio Brenes Castro now occupies a city block to the south of Parque de Moravia. Porfirio Brenes Castro was a teacher who lived 28 June 1877 – 12 December 1914.<ref>{{cite web | title = Escuela Porfirio Brenes Castro, San Vicente, Moravia, S.J., 1851-1900 | first = Maritza | last = Cartín | date = 2020-06-21 | website = Mi Costa Rica de Antaño | language = Spanish | url = https://micostaricadeantano.com/2020/06/21/escuela-porfirio-brenes-castro-san-vicente-moravia-s-j-1851-1900/ }}</ref>
The private school, ''Saint Francis College'', was founded on 23 February 1950, and another school, "Colegio Nuestra Señora de Sión", "Saint Anthony School", "Saint Joseph",''Liceo de Moravia'', began teaching in March 1966.,<ref name="reseña">[http://www.moravia.go.cr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=12&Itemid=23 Breve Reseña Histórica de Moravia] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111229080359/http://www.moravia.go.cr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=12&Itemid=23 |date=2011-12-29 }} Municipalidad de Moravia. retrieved: 2012-03-13. {{in lang|es}}</ref> and Liceo Laboratorio Emma Gamboa.
Costa Rica's [[nihonjin gakko|Japanese international school]], ''[[Escuela Japonesa de San José]]'' (サンホセ日本人学校 ''Sanhose Nihonjin Gakkō''), is located in Moravia.<ref>"[http://sjo-escuelaj.com/index2.htm トップへ戻る]" ''[[Escuela Japonesa de San José]]''. Retrieved on March 15, 2015. "学校所在地 Barrio Los Colegios, de Colegio de Farmaceuticos 50mts.al este, Moravia, San Jose, Costa Rica"</ref>
== Transportation == === Road transportation === The canton is covered by the following road routes: {{Columns-list| *[[File:CR RNP 32.svg|25px]] [[National Route 32 (Costa Rica)|National Route 32]] *[[File:CR RNS 102.svg|25px]] [[National Route 102 (Costa Rica)|National Route 102]] *[[File:CR RNS 109.svg|25px]] [[National Route 109 (Costa Rica)|National Route 109]] *[[File:CR RNS 117.svg|25px]] [[National Route 117 (Costa Rica)|National Route 117]] *[[File:CR RNS 200.svg|25px]] [[National Route 200 (Costa Rica)|National Route 200]] *[[File:CR RNS 220.svg|25px]] [[National Route 220 (Costa Rica)|National Route 220]] *[[File:CR RNT 307.svg|25px]] [[National Route 307 (Costa Rica)|National Route 307]] *[[File:CR RNT 308.svg|25px]] [[National Route 308 (Costa Rica)|National Route 308]] *[[File:CR RNT 309.svg|25px]] [[National Route 309 (Costa Rica)|National Route 309]] }}
== References == {{Reflist}} {{Provinces of Costa Rica}} {{Authority control}}
[[Category:Cantons of San José Province]] [[Category:Populated places in San José Province]]