Mombum languages

{{Short description|Pair of Trans-New Guinea languages}} {{Infobox language family |name=Mombum |altname=Komolom<br>Muli Strait |region=Komolom Island, southern New Guinea |familycolor=Papuan |fam1=Trans–New Guinea |fam2=Asmat–Mombum |glotto=momb1255 |glottorefname=Mombum-Koneraw |map=Mombum languages.svg |mapcaption=Map: The Mombum languages of New Guinea {{legend|#FF5E5F|The Mombum languages}} {{legend|#7BB5B6|Other Trans–New Guinea languages}} {{legend|#D9D9D9|Other Papuan languages}} {{legend|#E09D00|Austronesian languages}} {{legend|white|Uninhabited}} }}

The '''Mombum''' languages, also known as the '''Komolom''' or '''Muli Strait''' languages, are a pair of Trans–New Guinea languages, Mombum (Komolom) and Koneraw, spoken on Komolom Island just off Yos Sudarso Island, and on the southern coast of Yos Sudarso Island, respectively, on the southern coast of New Guinea. Komolom Island is at the southern end of the Muli Strait.<ref name=Usher>[https://newguineaworld.linguistik.uzh.ch/families/trans-new-guinea/asmat-muli-strait/muli-strait New Guinea World, Muli Strait]</ref>

==History of classification== Mombum was first classified as a branch isolate of the Central and South New Guinea languages in Stephen Wurm's 1975 expansion for Trans–New Guinea, a position tentatively maintained by Malcolm Ross, though he cannot tell if the similarities are shared innovations or retentions from proto-TNG. Usher instead links them to the Asmat languages.<ref name=Usher/> Koneraw is clearly related to Mombum, but was overlooked by early classifications. Along with the Kolopom languages, they are the languages spoken on Yos Sudarso Island (Kolopom Island).

Noting insufficient evidence, Pawley and Hammarström (2018), who refer to the languages as the ''Komolom'' branch, tentatively leave it as unclassified rather than as part of Trans-New Guinea.<ref name="Pawley-TNG">{{cite book |last1=Pawley |first1=Andrew |last2=Hammarström |first2=Harald |editor1-last=Palmer |editor1-first=Bill |date=2018 |title=The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide |chapter=The Trans New Guinea family |series= The World of Linguistics |volume=4 |location=Berlin |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |pages=21–196 |isbn=978-3-11-028642-7}}</ref>

==Pronouns== Pronouns are: :{| ! !!sg!!pl |- !1 |*nu||*nu-mu, *ni |- !2 |*yu||*yu-mu |- !3 |*eu |}

==Vocabulary comparison== The following basic vocabulary words are from McElhanon & Voorhoeve (1970)<ref>McElhanon, K.A. and Voorhoeve, C.L. ''The Trans-New Guinea Phylum: Explorations in deep-level genetic relationships''. B-16, vi + 112 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1970. {{doi|10.15144/PL-B16}}</ref> and Voorhoeve (1975),<ref>Voorhoeve, C.L. ''Languages of Irian Jaya: Checklist. Preliminary classification, language maps, wordlists''. B-31, iv + 133 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. {{doi|10.15144/PL-B31}}</ref> as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://transnewguinea.org/ |title=TransNewGuinea.org - database of the languages of New Guinea |last=Greenhill |first=Simon |date=2016| access-date=2020-11-05}}</ref>

The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. ''wonderam'', ''wondrum'' for “head”) or not (e.g. ''iŋar'', ''itöx'' for “bone”).

:{| class="wikitable sortable" ! gloss !! Koneraw !! Mombum |- ! head | wonderam || wondrum |- ! hair | cin || xu-sin |- ! eye | dyan || musax-nam |- ! tooth | cire || zix |- ! leg | kan || kaŋk |- ! louse | am || am |- ! dog | ubui || ipwi |- ! pig | u || u |- ! bird | baŋa || konji |- ! egg | || yausil |- ! blood | iri || iri |- ! bone | iŋar || itöx |- ! skin | par || par |- ! tree | to || tu |- ! man | nam || nam |- ! sun | dzuwo || zawa |- ! water | mui || mwe |- ! fire | war || wad |- ! stone | mate || mete |- ! name | ur || ur |- ! eat | gim-nugu || nuku- |- ! one | tenamotere || te |- ! two | kuinam || kumb |}

==References== {{reflist}} *{{Malcolm Ross Pronouns}}

== External links == * Timothy Usher, New Guinea World, [https://newguineaworld.linguistik.uzh.ch/families/trans-new-guinea/asmat-muli-strait/muli-strait/start Proto–Muli Strait]

Category:Mombum languages Category:Languages of Indonesia Category:Languages of Western New Guinea Category:Asmat–Mombum languages