{{short description|Tunisian politician and acting president in 2019}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Mohamed Ennaceur | native_name = {{nobold|محمد الناصر}} | native_name_lang = ar | image = Mohamed Ennaceur.jpg | image_size = 200px | caption = Official portrait, 2019 | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1934|3|21}} | birth_place = [[El Djem]], [[French Tunisia]] | death_date = | death_place = | office = Acting [[President of Tunisia]] | term_start = 25 July 2019 | term_end = 23 October 2019 | prime_minister = [[Youssef Chahed]] | predecessor = [[Beji Caid Essebsi]] | successor = [[Kais Saied]] | office2 = President of [[Nidaa Tounes]] | term_start2 = 31 December 2014 | term_end2 = 28 May 2019 | predecessor2 = [[Beji Caid Essebsi]] | successor2 = [[Selma Elloumi Rekik]] | office1 = [[Speaker of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People]] | term_start1 = 4 December 2014 | term_end1 = 25 July 2019 | president1 = [[Moncef Marzouki]]<br/>[[Beji Caid Essebsi]] | prime_minister1 = [[Mehdi Jomaa]]<br/>[[Habib Essid]]<br/>[[Youssef Chahed]] | predecessor1 = [[Mustapha Ben Jafar]] | successor1 = [[Abdelfattah Mourou]] (interim) | office3 = Minister of Labour and Social Affairs | term_start3 = 27 January 2011 | term_end3 = 24 December 2011 | president3 = [[Fouad Mebazaa]] (Acting)<br />[[Moncef Marzouki]] | prime_minister3 = [[Mohamed Ghannouchi]]<br>[[Beji Caid Essebsi]] | predecessor3 = Moncer Rouissi | successor3 = [[Khalil Zaouia]] | term_start4 = 7 November 1979 | term_end4 = 23 October 1985 | president4 = [[Habib Bourguiba]] | prime_minister4 = [[Hédi Nouira]]<br>[[Mohamed Mzali]] | predecessor4 = Mohamed Jomâa | successor4 = Noureddine Hached | term_start5 = 14 January 1974 | term_end5 = 26 December 1977 | president5 = [[Habib Bourguiba]] | prime_minister5 = [[Hédi Nouira]] | predecessor5 = Farhat Dachraoui | successor5 = Mohamed Jomâa | party = [[Nidaa Tounes]] | profession = | alma_mater = <!-- [[Pantheon-Sorbonne University]] --> [[University of Tunis]]<br> [[Paris-Sorbonne University]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Publications |first=Europa |date=2003 |title=The International Who's Who 2004 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sR4Ch1dMe8IC&q=ennaceur+international+who%27s+who&pg=PA495 |publisher=Psychology Press |page=495 |isbn=9781857432176 }}</ref> | spouse = Siren Mønstre | children = 5 | honorific_prefix = [[His Excellency]] }} '''Mohamed Ennaceur''' ({{langx|ar|محمد الناصر}}; born 21 March 1934) is a Tunisian politician who served as the acting [[president of Tunisia]]<ref>{{cite web | author1=Carthagetunis217 |title=رئيس الجمهورية قيس سعيد |url=https://www.carthage.tn/?q=ar/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9 |website=Carthage.tn | date=11 April 2016 |access-date=29 April 2020}}</ref><ref>On the official website of the President of Tunisia, Ennaceur is considered to be the sixth president</ref> for 91 days, from President [[Beji Caid Essebsi]]'s death on 25 July 2019 until he handed over the presidency to [[Kais Saied]] as the winner of the [[2019 Tunisian presidential election]] on 23 October 2019. Since 2014, he has also been the [[President of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People]] and leader of the governing [[Nidaa Tounes]] party. Previously, he served as Minister of Social Affairs in the 1970s and 1980s under President [[Habib Bourguiba]] and again in 2011 in the transitional [[Second cabinet of Mohamed Ghannouchi|Ghannouchi]] and [[Caid Essebsi Cabinet|Essebsi]] governments.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.jeuneafrique.com/mag/812226/politique/tunisie-dix-choses-a-savoir-sur-mohamed-ennaceur-le-president-par-interim/|title=Tunisie : dix choses à savoir sur Mohamed Ennaceur, le président par intérim|date=6 August 2019}}</ref>
Ennaceur was the founding director of the Tunisian Association of Social Law (''Revue tunisienne de droit social'') and the [[Festival international de musique symphonique d'El Jem]].<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=M. Mohamed Ennaceur, nouveau ministre des affaires sociales |publisher=[[Leaders (Tunisia)|Leaders]] |url=http://www.leaders.com.tn/article/m-mohamed-ennaceur-nouveau-ministre-des-affaires-sociales?id=3854 |date=29 January 2011 |access-date=9 February 2016 |language=fr}}</ref>
On 4 December 2014, he was elected as President of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People, with 176 agreeing votes out of 214 present MPs.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tunisia: Mohamed Ennaceur voted president of new Parliament |agency=[[ANSAmed]] |url=http://www.ansamed.info/ansamed/en/news/sections/politics/2014/12/04/tunisia-mohamed-ennaceur-voted-president-of-new-parliament_48f48e17-a983-4134-9c59-da6778c2c93c.html |date=4 December 2014 |access-date=9 February 2016}}</ref> Upon President [[Beji Caid Essebsi]]'s death, Ennaceur ascended as president according to the [[Constitution of Tunisia|Constitutional]] provision for the presidential succession of Tunisia.<ref name=Reuters>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tunisia-president-ennaceur-idUSKCN1UK1QM|title=Tunisia parliament speaker Ennaceur to serve as temporary president|date=25 July 2019|work=Reuters|access-date=25 July 2019}}</ref>
==Career== [[File:Mohamed Ennaceur - Présidents de l'ARP, Tunisie, capture de Nawaat (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|150px|Ennaceur during his presidency of a [[parliamentary session]].]] Mohamed Ennaceur earned a diploma from the Institut des Hautes Études de Tunis and a doctorate in [[social law]] from the [[University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne]]. His thesis dealt with the [[International Labour Organization]] and the development of social law in Tunisia and [[Libya]].<ref name=":1" />
Early in his career he served on the board of [[UNICEF]] (1963–64) and the [[United Nations Research Institute for Social Development]] (1966–72). He was Commissioner-General of the Office for Tunisian Workers Overseas (1973–74), chaired the World Employment Conference (1976) and the [[Arab League]] Social Affairs Bureau (1980–83). Between 1991 and 1996 he went on to serve as coordinator of the African group in the [[World Trade Organization]] and led the Tunisian permanent mission to the United Nations in Geneva. From 2000 he worked as a [[corporate social responsibility]] auditor and international consultant. In 2005 he became the coordinator for the [[United Nations Global Compact]] in Tunisia.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mohamed Ennaceur, ancien ministre|url=http://www.leaders.com.tn/article/1415-mohamed-ennaceur-ancien-ministre|website=leaders.com.tn|date=25 November 2009|access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref><ref name=":1" />
In addition to his international career, Mohamed Ennaceur held a number of political appointments in Tunisia. He served as governor of [[Sousse]] 1972–73 and as Minister of Social Affairs twice, from 1974 to 1977 and from 1979 to 1985.<ref name=":1" /> After the [[Tunisian Revolution]] of 2011 he was once again appointed Minister of Social Affairs in the governments of [[Mohamed Ghannouchi]] and [[Beji Caid Essebsi]].
[[File:The President of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People, Tunisia, Mr. Mohamed Ennaceur calling on the Vice President, Shri M. Hamid Ansari, in Tunisia on June 02, 2016.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Ennaceur with the [[Vice President of India]], [[Mohammad Hamid Ansari|Hamid Ansari]], in 2016.]]
In February 2014, he joined the [[Nidaa Tounes]] party, becoming its vice-president.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mohamed Ennaceur devient vice-président de Nidaa Tounes|url=http://www.businessnews.com.tn/mohamed-ennaceur-devient-vice-president-de-nidaa-tounes,520,44159,3|date=9 February 2014|website=businessnews.com.tn|access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref> On 4 December 2014, he was elected President (Speaker) of the [[Assembly of the Representatives of the People]], securing 176 votes out of a possible 217, and becoming the first President of the Chamber after the adoption of the [[Tunisian Constitution of 2014]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Perrine |last=Massy|title=Tunisie : Mohamed Ennaceur, 80 ans, élu président de l'Assemblée des représentants du peuple|url=http://www.webdo.tn/2014/12/04/tunisie-mohamed-enaceur-president-assemblee-representants-peuple/|date=4 December 2014|website=webdo.tn|access-date=22 December 2014}}</ref> On 31 December, after Béji Caïd Essebsi became President of the Republic, he succeeded him as interim head of the Nidaa Tounes party.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mohamed Ennaceur, président de Nidaa Tounès|url=http://www.leaders.com.tn/article/mohamed-ennaceur-president-de-nidaa-tounes?id=15939|date=31 December 2014|website=leaders.com.tn|access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref>
Soon after Essebsi's death on 25 July, Ennaceur announced in a nationwide address that in accordance with the Constitution, he was now acting president.<ref name=Reuters/> According to Article 84 of the Tunisian constitution, an acting president may serve in their role for a maximum of 90 days, meaning Ennaceur's role is due to expire on 23 October 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Tunisia_2014.pdf|title=Tunisia's Constitution of 2014|date=1 September 2019|website=Constitute Project|access-date=25 July 2019}}</ref>{{Better source needed|date=July 2019}} Although [[2019 Tunisian presidential election|presidential elections]] were already scheduled for 17 November, the [[Independent High Authority for Elections]] advanced the date to 15 September to ensure that a permanent successor would be in office by 23 October.<ref>[http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/tunisie-l-election-presidentielle-reprogrammee-au-15-septembre-20190725 Tunisie: l'élection présidentielle reprogrammée au 15 septembre] Le Figaro, 25 July 2019</ref>
==Personal life== Mohamed Ennaceur is married to Siren Mønstre, a Norwegian national from [[Bergen]]. They met when they were students in Paris and have been married for over 60 years. They have five children.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.tv2.no/nyheter/10744189/|title=Bergenskvinnen Siren er Tunisias nye førstedame|date=27 July 2019|work=TV 2 AS (NO)|access-date=31 July 2019|language=no}}</ref>
==Health== In late July 2019, shortly after the death of his predecessor, [[Beji Caid Essebsi]], Ennaceur was reported to be in poor health.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/middle-east-and-africa/2019/07/25/tunisias-president-beji-caid-essebsi-has-died|title=Tunisia's president, Beji Caid Essebsi, has died|date=25 July 2019|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=29 July 2019|issn=0013-0613}}</ref>
== Honours ==
===Tunisian national honours=== *{{flag|Tunisia}}: *Grand Cordon of the [[Order of Independence (Tunisia)|Order of Independence]].<ref name=whoswho>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NHCQBAFMwawC&q=chedly+ayari+who%27s+who&pg=PA130|title=Who's Who in the Arab World 2007–2008|date=22 December 2011|publisher=Publitec Publications|isbn=9783110930047|editor-last=de Gruyter|editor-first=Walter|pages=288}}</ref> *Grand Cordon of the [[Order of the Republic (Tunisia)|Order of the Republic]].<ref name=whoswho /> *Gold Labour Medal.<ref name=whoswho/>
===Foreign honors=== *{{Flag|Belgium}} : Grand Cordon in the [[Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]].<ref name=whoswho /> *{{Flag|France}} : Grand officer of the [[National Order of Merit (France)|National Order of Merit]].<ref name=whoswho /> *{{Flag|Germany}} : Commander of the [[Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]].<ref name=whoswho /> *{{Flag|Ivory Coast}} : Grand officer of the [[National Order of the Ivory Coast]].<ref name=whoswho /> *{{Flag|Luxembourg}} : Grand Cross in the [[Order of Merit of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg]].<ref name=whoswho /> *{{Flag|Netherlands}} : Knight Grand Cross in the [[Order of Orange-Nassau]].<ref name=whoswho /> *{{Flag|United Kingdom}} : Honorary Knight Commander of the [[Order of the British Empire]].<ref name=whoswho />
== Publications == * ''Deux Républiques, une Tunisie'', Tunis, ed. Leaders, 2021. {{ISBN|978-9973-9886-6-9}}.
== References == {{Reflist|30em}}
== External links == {{Commons-inline}}
{{s-start}} {{s-off}} |- {{s-bef|before=[[Beji Caid Essebsi]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[President of Tunisia]]<br/><small>Acting</small>|years=2019}} {{s-aft|after=[[Kais Saied]]}} {{s-end}}
{{President Chamber of Deputies Tunisia}} {{TunisianPresidents}}{{Presidents of the United Nations Human Rights Council}}{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ennaceur, Mohamed}} [[Category:1934 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Tunisian Muslims]] [[Category:People from El Djem]] [[Category:Social affairs ministers of Tunisia]] [[Category:People of the Tunisian revolution]] [[Category:Nidaa Tounes politicians]] [[Category:20th-century Tunisian people]] [[Category:21st-century presidents of Tunisia]] [[Category:Tunis University alumni]] [[Category:Speakers of the Assembly of the Representatives of the People]] [[Category:UNICEF people]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Republic (Tunisia)]] [[Category:Grand Officers of the Ordre national du Mérite]] [[Category:Honorary Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] [[Category:Recipients of the National Order of the Ivory Coast]] [[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg]] [[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau]]