{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{Speciesbox |image = Starr_040723-0268_Modiola_caroliniana.jpg |display_parents = 3 |genus = Modiola |parent_authority = Moench<ref name=GRIN>{{GRIN genus | name = ''Modiola'' | id = 7697 | accessdate = 21 April 2017}}</ref> |species = caroliniana |authority = (L.) G.Don<ref name=PLANTS/> }}
'''''Modiola''''' is a monotypic genus of plants in the mallow family containing the single species '''''Modiola caroliniana''''', which is known by several common names including '''bristly-fruited mallow''',<ref name=BSBI07>{{BSBI 2007 |access-date=2014-10-17 }}</ref> '''Carolina bristlemallow''',<ref name=PLANTS>{{PLANTS|id=MOCA|taxon=Modiola caroliniana|accessdate=28 January 2016}}</ref> '''babosilla''', and '''redflower mallow'''. It is a creeping perennial which is probably native to South America but which is widely naturalized throughout the tropical and warmer temperate world.
== Ecology == Carolina bristlemallow is a grassland plant,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.malvaceae.info/Genera/Modiola/Modiola.php |title=The Modiola Page |access-date=2025-04-22}}</ref> commonly occurring in gardens and lawns<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iewf.org/weedid/Modiola_caroliniana.htm |title=Modiola caroliniana |work=IEWF Weed ID |publisher=International Environmental Weed Foundation |access-date=2025-04-22}}</ref> and in moist habitats such as shores of ponds and reserviors.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tbj.ui.ac.ir/article_28626.html?lang=fa |title=A New Record of an alien species Modiola caroliniana (Malvaceae) for the flora of Iran |access-date=2025-04-22}}</ref> It can propagate vegetatively by rooting at the nodes,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iewf.org/weedid/Modiola_caroliniana.htm |title=Modiola caroliniana |work=IEWF Weed ID |publisher=International Environmental Weed Foundation |access-date=2025-04-22}}</ref> and in Australia, seeds have been reported to germinate from the scats of introduced deer but not those of native kangaroos.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rob-Hunt-5/publication/291389543_Germination_of_native_and_introduced_plants_from_scats_of_Fallow_Deer_Dama_dama_and_Eastern_Grey_Kangaroo_Macropus_giganteus_in_a_south-eastern_Australian_woodland_landscape/links/5fb3272992851cf24cd83ee6/Germination-of-native-and-introduced-plants-from-scats-of-Fallow-Deer-Dama-dama-and-Eastern-Grey-Kangaroo-Macropus-giganteus-in-a-south-eastern-Australian-woodland-landscape.pdf |title=Germination of native and introduced plants from scats of Fallow Deer (Dama dama) and Eastern Grey Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) in a south-eastern Australian woodland landscape |access-date=2025-04-22}}</ref> It has shown resistance to the herbicide clopyralid<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19891120798 |title=Turf weed control with clopyralid herbicide |access-date=2025-04-22}}</ref>.<br> Carolina bristlemallow is infected by the rust fungus <i>Puccinia modiolae</i><ref>{{cite web |url=https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/full/10.1094/PDIS-02-19-0303-PDN |title=First Report of Rust on Modiola caroliniana Caused by Puccinia modiolae in California |access-date=2025-04-22}}</ref> and the chytrid fungus <i>Synchytrium modioliensis</i>.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2481810 |title=The Galls of Synchytrium modioliensis |access-date=2025-04-22}}</ref>
== References == {{Reflist|30em}}
== External links == *[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?5042,5091,5092 Jepson Manual Treatment] *{{GRIN | ''Modiola caroliniana'' | 24510}} *[http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Modiola+caroliniana Photo gallery]
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Category:Malveae Category:Monotypic Malvaceae genera Category:Taxa named by Conrad Moench
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