Joint Venture Protective Carbine

{{short description|Indian submachine gun}} {{Infobox weapon | name = Joint Venture Protective Carbine<br>Modern Submachine Carbine | origin = India | type = Carbine | image = File:DRDOJVPC.png | image_size = 300 | caption = MSMC submachine gun | is_ranged = yes | service =  | used_by = See operators | wars =  | designer =  | design_date = 2005 | manufacturer = * Advanced Weapons and Equipment India Limited * Kalyani Strategic Systems Limited | unit_cost = | production_date = Since 2005 | number = | variants =  | spec_label = | weight = {{convert|2.98|kg|lb|abbr=on}} empty | length = {{convert|552|mm|in|abbr=on}} closed stock <br/>{{convert|745|mm|in|abbr=on}} open stock<ref name=":0" /> | part_length = {{convert|300|mm|in|abbr=on}} | cartridge = 5.56×30mm MINSAS<ref name="ofb">{{Cite web |url=https://ofb.gov.in/unit/pages/SAF/joint-venture-protective-carbine-jvpc--5-56-mm |title=JVPC-5.56 mm |website=Ordnance Factory Board |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202163717/https://ofb.gov.in/unit/pages/SAF/joint-venture-protective-carbine-jvpc--5-56-mm |archive-date=2 December 2019 |access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref> | cartridge_weight = | caliber = {{convert|5.56|mm|abbr=on}} | action = Gas operated, long stroke piston rotating bolt | rate = 800–900 round/min<ref name=b /><ref name="ofb"/> | velocity = | range = {{convert|200|-|300|m|yd|abbr=on}}<ref name="MF">{{cite web|author=Max Popenker|year=2010|title=MSMC|url=http://world.guns.ru/smg/india/msmc-e.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110304073753/http://world.guns.ru/smg/india/msmc-e.html|archive-date=4 March 2011|access-date=2011-03-20}}</ref> | max_range = | feed = 30 round box magazine<ref name="ofb"/> | sights = Iron sights, reflex sights, IR sights, laser sights<ref name="ofb"/> }}

The '''Joint Venture Protective Carbine''' ('''JVPC'''),<ref name=DRDO1>{{Cite web|url=https://www.drdo.gov.in/joint-venture-protective-carbine-jvpc|title=Joint Venture Protective Carbine (JVPC)|website=DRDO|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204024101/https://www.drdo.gov.in/joint-venture-protective-carbine-jvpc|archive-date=4 December 2019|access-date=11 May 2021}}</ref> also known as '''Modern Sub Machine Carbine''' ('''MSMC''') until 2014,<ref name="aka">{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/india-made-automatic-rifle-production-stuck-in-red-tape-115011100435_1.html|title=India-made automatic rifle production stuck in red tape|author=IANS|date=11 January 2015|work=business-standard.com|access-date=6 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221073054/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/india-made-automatic-rifle-production-stuck-in-red-tape-115011100435_1.html|archive-date=21 February 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> is a gas-operated, magazine-fed, select fire carbine designed to chamber the 5.56×30mm MINSAS cartridge.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2020-12-25|title=DRDO's new carbine clears Army's final trials, ready for use|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/drdos-new-carbine-clears-armys-final-trials-ready-for-use-7119746/|access-date=2021-10-23|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> It was designed by the Armament Research and Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation,<ref name=DRDO1 /> and manufactured by Advanced Weapons and Equipment India Limited<ref name=":1"/> and by Kalyani Strategic Systems Limited.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://neindiabroadcast.com/2022/07/07/pune-based-kalyani-group-showcases-the-extensive-portfolio-at-east-tech-2022/ | title=Pune based Kalyani Group showcases the extensive portfolio at East Tech 2022 - NE India Broadcast | date=7 July 2022 }}</ref> It was intended as a replacement for the 9mm Sterling submachine gun in service with the Indian Armed Forces.<ref name=":1" />

The development of the JVPC began in 2010, being an offshoot of the INSAS small arms program.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ammoland.com/2009/08/indian-army-to-unveils-new-machine-gun/#axzz3nbevcAKm|title=Indian Army to unveil machine gun|work=AmmoLand.com Shooting Sports News|date=21 August 2009 |access-date=4 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151005075820/http://www.ammoland.com/2009/08/indian-army-to-unveils-new-machine-gun/#axzz3nbevcAKm|archive-date=5 October 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Its trials were commenced in 2016 and completed in 2021. The JVPC cleared the final phase of user trials by the Indian Army.<ref name=":1" /> The weapon's accuracy and reliability were tested in extreme hot weather and high-altitude winter conditions, by the Army's user trials.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Siddiqui|first=Huma|date=2020-12-10|title=Indian Army to get 'Made in India' carbines designed by DRDO|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/indian-army-to-get-made-in-india-carbines-designed-by-drdo/2147446/|access-date=2021-10-23|website=The Financial Express|language=en-US}}</ref>

The JVPC already cleared user trials conducted by the Ministry of Home Affairs and is currently being procured for the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) and State Police Forces in the country.<ref name=":2" />

==History== The development of a carbine was one of the objectives of the Indian Small Arms System (INSAS) programme, which developed the INSAS assault rifle.<ref name="IE" /> An INSAS based carbine said to have been developed in early 2000s, but was rejected.<ref name="IE" /><ref name=":3">{{cite web|author=Sandeep Unnithan|date=2010-08-20|title=The Ghost Guns|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/defence/story/20100830-the-ghost-guns-743860-2010-08-20|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018094126/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/defence/story/20100830-the-ghost-guns-743860-2010-08-21|archive-date=18 October 2019|access-date=2011-03-20|publisher=India Today}}</ref> The INSAS based carbine was designed to chamber the same 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge used in the INSAS assault rifle and the LMG, hence it had a higher recoil than a carbine of its size should normally have.<ref name="IE" /> In 2002, the Indian Army has issued a General Staff Qualitative Requirement (GSQR) for a new submachine carbine with revised specification.<ref name="IE" /> In response to the new GSQR, both OFB and ARDE independently developed two carbines – Amogh carbine and MSMC respectively.<ref name=":3" />

Both carbines were designed to chamber much lighter 5.56×30mm MINSAS cartridge.<ref name="IE" /> The prototypes underwent a series of trials – first in 2006, then in late 2007 and finally in early 2009.<ref name="IE">{{cite web|author=Anand|first=Oinam|date=2009-08-21|title=City institute ready with new gun for Army|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/city-institute-ready-with-new-gun-for-army/504904/0|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018094124/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/city-institute-ready-with-new-gun-for-army/504904/0|archive-date=18 October 2019|access-date=2011-03-20|website=Indian Express}}</ref> Both of the carbines failed to meet the requirement set by the Army.<ref name=":3" /> In 2010, DRDO's ARDE lab and OFB collaborated to iron out the problems with the MSMC design.<ref name=":3" /> The redesigned MSMC was now redesignated as ''Joint Venture Protective Carbine'' or ''JVPC.'' The prototypes of JVPC was offered to the Army for user trials in 2013.<ref>{{Cite news|last=IANS|date=2015-01-11|title=India-made automatic rifle production stuck in red tape|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/india-made-automatic-rifle-production-stuck-in-red-tape-115011100435_1.html|access-date=2021-10-24}}</ref> Also in this time period an exigency for a carbine has arisen.<ref name=":1" />

The user trials by Indian Army commenced in 2016 and completed by 2021. The JVPC was subjected to accuracy and reliability test at extreme temperature conditions of India. The final user trials were conducted at the sub-zero cold desert of Ladakh.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

The JVPC was earlier cleared user trials by CAPF. In 2017, the then-Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh ceremonially accepted a JVPC from the then-Minister of Defence Nirmala Sitharaman, marking its service induction into the CAPF, Paramilitary forces and Police forces under the Ministry of Home affairs.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2017/sep/07/nirmala-sitharaman-takes-charge-as-countrys-first-woman-defence-minister-1653667.html|title=Nirmala Sitharaman takes charge as country's first woman Defence Minister|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=2017-09-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908111121/http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2017/sep/07/nirmala-sitharaman-takes-charge-as-countrys-first-woman-defence-minister-1653667.html|archive-date=8 September 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The JVPC is currently being procured for the CAPF.<ref name=":2" />

The AWEIL-made JVPC was displayed in public at the DSEI 2023 convention in the UK.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sadefensejournal.com/show-report-dsei-2023-announcements-from-kac-pgz-and-more/ | title=Show Report: DSEi 2023 Announcements from KAC, PGZ, and more – Small Arms Defense Journal }}</ref>

According to the Advanced Weapons and Equipment India Limited 2021–2022 Annual Report, around 6,000 JVPCs were supplied.<ref>{{Cite web | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250719043833/https://aweil.in/download/Annual%20Report%202021-22%20Handbook.pdf | title=Annual Report 2021-22 - Advanced Weapons and Equipment India Limited | website=aweil.in | url=https://aweil.in/download/Annual%20Report%202021-22%20Handbook.pdf | archive-date=2025-07-19}}</ref>

==Design== [[File:JVPC carbine.jpg|thumb|MSMC/JVPC equipped with BEL ''Trinetra'' reflex sight]] The MSMC or JVPC is a highly compact weapon that is less than 22 inches long with the stock collapsed,<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last1=Popenker|first1=Maxim|title=Sub-Machine Gun: The Development of Sub-Machine Guns and their Ammunition from World War 1 to the Present Day|last2=Williams|first2=Anthony G.|publisher=The Crowood Press UK|date=15 January 2012|isbn=978-1847972934|language=en}}{{page number needed|date=October 2023}}</ref> making it ideal for personal defence, close quarter battle and counter insurgency/counter terrorism operations.<ref name=":1" /> Like machine pistols such as the Uzi, the JVPC has a pistol grip with a magazine well. A 30-round MSMC magazine is inserted through this pistol grip.<ref name=":4" />

The JVPC's ergonomic pistol grip design, low recoil and compact size allows the user to fire it like a pistol.<ref name=":1" /> It has a retractable stock and ambidextrous fire selector located above the trigger.<ref name=":4" /> The upper receiver of the prototypes were made of stamped metal sheet,<ref name=":4" /> while production models are manufactured using metal injection molding technique.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|date=October 2021|title=Small Arms and Ammunition - JVPC|journal=Technology Focus|volume=29|issue=5|pages=7–8|issn=0971-4413}}</ref> It has multiple MIL-STD-1913 picatinny rail system<ref name=":2" /> – one on the upper receiver for mounting modern optics and sights and one on the lower for mounting forward hand grip.<ref name=":4" /> The lower receiver is mostly made of polymer.<ref name=":4" />

The JVPC has an overall length of 745 mm when stock is extended and 552 mm when stock is collapsed, making it a highly compact weapon.<ref name=":0" /> It has a barrel length of 300 mm<ref name=":0" /> and an effective range of 200 to 300 metre.<ref name=":4" /> JVPC has provision to equip barrel attachments such as suppressor and bayonet.<ref name=":0" /> The JVPC is designed to fire 5.56×30mm MINSAS round and have a muzzle velocity of 650 meters per second.<ref name=":0" /> The 5.56×30mm ammunition used in JVPC is said to be superior to both FN 5.7×28mm and HK 4.6×30mm cartridges.<ref name=":0" />

The JVPC has a gas operated rotating bolt mechanism and features two modes of fire – single and full auto, which fires at a rate of 800<ref name=":0" /> to 900 round/min.<ref name="b" />

==Operators==  thumb|Final trials by Indian Army was successfully completed in Dec 2020 '''{{IND}}'''

* Central Industrial Security Force<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ddpmod.gov.in/sites/default/files/Monthly%20Summary%20.pdf|title=Monthly Summary for the Cabinet for the month of August 2019|date=August 2019|website=Department of Defence Production|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202153303/https://ddpmod.gov.in/sites/default/files/Monthly%20Summary%20.pdf|archive-date=2 December 2019|access-date=2 December 2019}}</ref> * Central Reserve Police Force<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://crpf.gov.in/writereaddata/images/pdf/676052019.pdf|title=ANNUAL PROCUREMENT PLAN 2019–20 LIST OF ITEMS TO BE CENTRALLY PROCURED|website=Central Reserve Police Force|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202171658/https://crpf.gov.in/writereaddata/images/pdf/676052019.pdf|archive-date=2 December 2019|access-date=2019-12-02}}</ref> * Chhattisgarh Police<ref name="b">{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/leisure/story/20170918-modern-sub-machine-carbine-drdo-indian-army-1039903-2017-09-08|title=This Made in India gun, with a cult following among gamers, soon to join Army's arsenal|last1=Unnithan|first1=Sandeep|date=8 September 2017|work=India Today|access-date=2019-12-02|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190523133418/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/leisure/story/20170918-modern-sub-machine-carbine-drdo-indian-army-1039903-2017-09-08|archive-date=2019-05-23|language=en}}</ref> * Delhi Police<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/sites/default/files/drdo-news-documents/NPC02_04April2022.pdf|title=Newspapers Clippings|volume=47|issue=64|date=4 April 2022|publisher=Defence Scientific Information & Documentation Centre|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240814231307/https://www.drdo.gov.in/drdo/sites/default/files/drdo-news-documents/NPC02_04April2022.pdf|archive-date=14 August 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> * Uttar Pradesh Police<ref>{{Cite web | title=Uttar Pradesh Police to get JVPC Carbine Know specialty of Joint Venture Protective Carbine SPUP {{!}} UP पुलिस का नया 'हथियार': रुकने-फंसने का लफड़ा नहीं, एक मिनट में चलेंगी 800 गोलियां, जानें JVPC की खासियत {{!}} Hindi News, Uttar Pradesh | url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/up-uttarakhand/uttar-pradesh/uttar-pradesh-police-to-get-jvpc-carbine-know-specialty-of-joint-venture-protective-carbine-spup/995844 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928145852/https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/up-uttarakhand/uttar-pradesh/uttar-pradesh-police-to-get-jvpc-carbine-know-specialty-of-joint-venture-protective-carbine-spup/995844 | access-date=2026-02-21 | archive-date=2021-09-28}}</ref> * Special Protection Group - In 2019 December 2 issue of the ''Mail Today,'' journalist Sandeep Unnithan reported that JVPC has cleared user trials by Special Protection Group and likely to get an order from the aforementioned unit.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Unnithan|first=Sandeep|date=2 December 2019|title=SPG opt for desi JVPC|journal=Mail Today|pages=11}}</ref> * Indian Army - JVPC cleared the General Staff Qualitative Requirement set by the Indian Army, with the final trial in December 2020. This paves the way for JVPCs induction into the Indian Army.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-10 |title=Indian Army to get 'Made in India' carbines designed by DRDO |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-indian-army-to-get-made-in-india-carbines-designed-by-drdo-2147446/ |access-date=2024-12-13 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-30 |title=Why the successful trials of a desi carbine is such a big deal |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/why-the-successful-trials-of-a-desi-carbine-is-such-a-big-deal-1754618-2020-12-30 |access-date=2024-12-13 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

==Popular culture== The Modern Sub Machine Carbine first appeared in ''Call of Duty: Black Ops 2''.<ref name="b" />

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== * {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211053525/https://ofb.gov.in/unit/pages/SAF/joint-venture-protective-carbine-jvpc--5-56-mm|title=JVPC-5.56 mm|date=11 December 2020}}

{{commons category|Joint Venture Protective Carbine}}{{Ordnance Factories Board}} {{Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)}} {{Personal defense weapons}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}

Category:Carbines Category:Submachine guns of India Category:Machine pistols Category:Telescoping bolt submachine guns Category:5.56 mm firearms