Mising language

{{Short description|Sino-Tibetan language spoken in India}} {{distinguish|Hill Miri language|Katcha-Kadugli-Miri language}} {{Infobox language | name = Mising | nativename = Plains Miri | altname = Mising–Padam–Minyong | region = Assam | ethnicity = Mising, Padam, Minyong | speakers = 629,954 | date = 2011 | ref = e18 | familycolor = Sino-Tibetan | fam2 = Tani | fam3 = East Tani (Adi) | dia1 = Padam | dia2 = Minyong | dia3 = Mising (Plains Miri) | iso3 = mrg | glotto = misi1242 | glottorefname = Mising-Padam-Miri-Minyong | states = India | map = Lang Status 60-DE.svg | mapcaption = {{center|Mising is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO ''Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger''.}} | map2 = Lang Status 80-VU.svg | mapcaption2 = {{center|Minyong is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO ''Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger''.}} }}

'''Mising''' is a Tani language spoken by the Mising people. There are 629,954 speakers (as per Census of India, 2011), who inhabit mostly in the Dhemaji district, Lakhimpur, Sonitpur, Dibrugarh, Sibsagar, Jorhat, Majuli, Golaghat, Tinsukia districts of Assam and also some parts of Arunachal Pradesh. The primary literary body of Mising is known as 'Mising Agom Kébang (Mising Language Society)'.

The Mising, Padam and Minyong speak dialects of the same language.

== One year recognition by the Sahitya Akademi {{anchor|Recognition by the Sahitya Akademi}} == {{Main|Sahitya Akademi Award#Bhasha Samman}}

{{Further|Sahitya Akademi#Recognised literary languages}} For the year 2011, for the first time, Sahitya Akademi, India's highest literary body, recognised Mising eligible for receiving one of the six Bhasha Samman awards, for the category of the non-recognised languages, "that have developed sufficiently to merit the award".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mising in language award list - Sahitya Akademi to recognise contribution from community for first time |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/north-east/mising-in-language-award-list-sahitya-akademi-to-recognise-contribution-from-community-for-first-time/cid/383324 |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=www.telegraphindia.com |language=en}}</ref>

{{Blockquote|"Mising is one such language which has a rich literary tradition though it does not have its own script but has adapted the Roman script. Through this convention, we will come to know who has worked in developing the language and literature, and the Bhasa Samman, which carries Rs 1 lakh prize money, will be a recognition of this effort." "After selecting the communities for the award for one year, the system is to move on to other communities in the next year so that all such languages are given a chance to come up."|Agrahar Krishna Murthy|Secretary of Sahitya Akademi, Delhi<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mising in language award list - Sahitya Akademi to recognise contribution from community for first time |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/north-east/mising-in-language-award-list-sahitya-akademi-to-recognise-contribution-from-community-for-first-time/cid/383324 |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=www.telegraphindia.com |language=en}}</ref>}}

== Phonology ==

=== Consonants === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! colspan="2" | ! Labial ! Alveolar ! Palatal ! Velar ! Glottal |- ! colspan="2" | Nasal | {{IPA link|m}} | {{IPA link|n}} | {{IPA link|ɲ}} | {{IPA link|ŋ}} | |- ! rowspan="2" | Plosive/ Affricate ! voiceless | {{IPA link|p}} | {{IPA link|t}} | ({{IPA link|tʃ}}){{efn|name=affricate|[tʃ] and [dʒ] are typically rare, and mainly occur as allophones of /t d/ when after fricatives /s z/.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Doley|first=Basanta K.|title=A Sociolinguistic Profile of the Mising Language}}</ref>}} | {{IPA link|k}} | |- ! voiced | {{IPA link|b}} | {{IPA link|d}} | ({{IPA link|dʒ}}){{efn|name=affricate}} | {{IPA link|ɡ}} | |- ! rowspan="2" | Fricative ! voiceless | | {{IPA link|s}} | | | ({{IPA link|h}}){{efn|[h] is heard in place of /s/ within variations of a local dialect.}} |- ! voiced | | {{IPA link|z}} | | | |- ! colspan="2" | Tap | | {{IPA link|ɾ}} | | | |- ! colspan="2" | Approximant | ({{IPA link|w}}){{efn|[w] is heard phonetically in different environments if a front or central vowel precedes a back vowel (i.e. /aɔ/ ~ [awɔ]).}} | {{IPA link|l}} | {{IPA link|j}} | | |} {{notelist}}

=== Vowels === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! ! Front !Central ! Back |- align="center" ! Close |i iː |ɨ ɨː |u uː |- !Mid |ɛ ɛː |ɜ ɜː |ɔ ɔː |- align="center" !Open | |a aː | |}

==Geographical distribution== thumb|A traditional Mishing house is stilted. ''Ethnologue'' gives the following locations for Mising speakers. The Hill Miri live in Arunachal Pradesh, while the Plains Miri live in Assam.

*Assam: North Lakhimpur, Sonitpur, Dhemaji, Dibrugarh, Sibsagar, Jorhat, Majuli, Charaideu, Bishwanath, Golaghat, and Tinsukia districts *Arunachal Pradesh **Districts of East Siang, Lower Dibang valley and Lohit. Also on both sides of Kamla river in Ziro subdivision, Lower Subansiri district **Daporizo subdivision, Upper Subansiri district

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== {{incubator|code=mrg|lang=Mising}} *[https://www.cbcsnote.com/2022/02/agom.html Mising Language course] (Agom, Gomlam, Gompir etc.) *{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110107130241/http://www.misingagomkebang.org/ misingagomkebang.org]}} Mising Agom Kebang (Mising Sahitya Sabha) website *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140907170332/http://macgov.in/about.htm macgov.in] Mising Autonomous Council *[https://wethemising.wordpress.com/2009/06/30/christian-missionary-works-on-mising-language/ wethemising.wordpress.com] Article on Mising language *Mark Post, [http://elar.soas.ac.uk/deposit/0238 A documentation of the Upper Belt variety of Minyong (Adi), Arunachal Pradesh, North East India]. Endangered Languages Archive.

Category:Tani languages Category:Languages of Assam Category:Endangered languages of India Category:Languages of Arunachal Pradesh Category:Vulnerable languages Category:Definitely endangered languages Category:Endangered Sino-Tibetan languages