{{short description|Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament}} {{New Testament manuscript infobox | form = Minuscule | number = '''3''' | image = Minuscule 3 Beginning of the Gospel of Mark.jpg | isize = | caption= Beginning of the Gospel of Mark in Minuscule 3 | name = Codex Vindobonensis Suppl. Gr. 52, or Codex Corsendoncensis | sign = | text = New Testament (except Rev) | script = Greek | date = 12th century | found = | now at = Austrian National Library | cite = | size = {{×|24.5|17.5}} | type = Byzantine text-type | cat = V | hand = | note = marginalia }}
| Episode list | Title = Minuscule 3 | OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2027|11|15|df=yes}}
'''Minuscule 3''', also known as '''Vindobonensis Suppl. Gr. 52''', is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum.{{r|Gregory1908}} It is designated by the siglum '''3''' in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and δ 253 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts.<ref name="Gregory1908">{{Cite book | first=Caspar René | last=Gregory | author-link=Caspar René Gregory | title=Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament | trans-title=The Greek Manuscripts of the New Testament |page=48 | year=1908 | publisher=J. C. Hinrichs | location=Leipzig | language=de | url=https://archive.org/stream/diegriechischen00greggoog#page/n59/mode/2up}}</ref> Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been dated to the 12th century.<ref name="Aland">{{Cite book | first1=Kurt | last1=Aland | author-link1=Kurt Aland | author2=M. Welte | author3=B. Köster | author4=K. Junack | title=Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments | trans-title=A Concise List of the Greek Manuscripts of the New Testament | edition=2 | page=47 | year=1994 | publisher=Walter de Gruyter | location=Berlin, New York | language=de | isbn=3-11-011986-2}}</ref><ref name="INTF">{{Cite web | title=Liste Handschriften | publisher=Institute for New Testament Textual Research | url=http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=30003 | access-date=2013-05-01 | location=Münster}}</ref> It was one of the manuscripts used by biblical scholar Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus in his edition of the Greek text of the New Testament.
It was formerly (and is perhaps better) known as '''Codex Corsendoncensis''', because it was previously kept (and possibly written) at the Augustinian monastery at Corsendonck, near Turnhout, Belgium, midway between Antwerp and Eindhoven.
== Description ==
The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book format), containing the entirety of the New Testament except the Book of Revelation. The order is as follows: Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, General epistles, and Pauline epistles. The manuscript is made of 451 parchment leaves, sized {{×|24.5|17.5}}. The text is written in one column per page, 24 lines per page ({{×|16.3|10.2}}),{{r|Aland}} in black ink. It uses iota adscript (the addition of the smallest Greek letter at the end of certain words to indicate a diphthong which is now no longer pronounced).{{r|Gregory}}
The text is divided according to the chapters (known as {{lang|grc|κεφαλαια}} / ''kephalaia''), whose numbers are given in the margin, with the titles of chapters ({{lang|grc|τιτλοι}} / ''titloi'') at the top of the pages. The text of the Gospels has also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (an early division of the Gospels into sections). The codex has 234 sections in Mark, ending at 16:19. There are also references to the Eusebian Canons (another early division of the Gospels into sections, and where they overlap).{{r|Gregory}}
It contains the Letter to Carpian, Eusebian Canon tables, tables of contents (also known as {{lang|grc|κεφαλαια}} / ''kephalaia'') before each book, Prolegomena, pictures (in John with Prochorus), and the Euthalian Apparatus to the Acts and General epistles (an early division of the rest of the books, similar to the Ammonian Sections).<ref name="Scrivener">{{Cite book | first1=Frederick Henry Ambrose | last1=Scrivener | author-link1=Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener | author2=Edward Miller | title=A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament | volume=1 | edition=4th | page=191 | year=1894 | publisher=George Bell & Sons | location=London}}</ref> Subscriptions at the end of each book were added by a later hand.<ref name="Gregory">{{Cite book | first=Caspar René | last=Gregory | author-link=Caspar René Gregory | title=Textkritik des Neuen Testaments | trans-title=Textual Criticism of the New Testament | volume=1 | page=128 | year=1900 | publisher=J.C. Hinrichs | location=Leipzig | language=de | url=https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n141/mode/2up }}</ref>
== Text ==
The Greek text of the codex is considered a representative of the Byzantine text-type, with the exception of the Catholic epistles (James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Jude). The text-types are groups of different New Testament manuscripts which share specific or generally related readings, which then differ from each other group, and thus the conflicting readings can separate out the groups. These are then used to determine the original text as published; there are three main groups with names: Alexandrian, Western, and Byzantine.<ref name="metz-ehrman">{{Cite book | first1=Bruce Manning | last1=Metzger | author-link1=Bruce M. Metzger | first2=Bart D. | last2=Ehrman | author-link2=Bart D. Ehrman | title=The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration | edition=4th | pages=205–230 | year=2005 | publisher=Oxford University Press | location=Oxford | isbn=0-19-516667-1 }}</ref> Biblical scholar Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Family K{{sup|x}}.{{r|Wisse}} Biblical scholar Kurt Aland placed it in Category V of his New Testament manuscript text classification system.<ref name="tent-aland">{{Cite book | first1=Kurt | last1=Aland | author-link1=Kurt Aland | first2=Barbara | last2=Aland | author-link2=Barbara Aland | translator=Erroll F. Rhodes | title=The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism | page=132 | year=1995 | publisher=William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | location=Grand Rapids | isbn=978-0-8028-4098-1}}</ref>{{rp|138}} Category V is for "Manuscripts with a purely or predominantly Byzantine text."{{r|tent-aland|p=336}}
According to the Claremont Profile Method (a specific analysis method of textual data), it represents K{{sup|x}} in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no Profile was made.<ref name="Wisse">{{Cite book | last=Wisse | first=Frederik | title=The Profile Method for the Classification and Evaluation of Manuscript Evidence, as Applied to the Continuous Greek Text of the Gospel of Luke | page=53 | year=1982 | publisher=William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | location=Grand Rapids | isbn=0-8028-1918-4 | url=https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss | url-access=registration}}</ref>
The text of the Pericope Adulterae ({{bibleref|John|7:53-8:11}}) is omitted without any mark.{{r|Gregory}}
== History ==
The historian Radulph or Roland de Rivo presented this manuscript to the monastery of the Virgin Mary in the village Corsendonck near Turnhout. Later it belonged to the monastery of Dominican Order in Basel.<ref>Thomas Horne, ''An Introduction to the Critical Study of the New Testament'', p. 238</ref>
It was used by Erasmus in his second edition of ''Novum Testamentum'' in 1519.{{r|Gregory}} It had been collated by J. Walker for biblical scholar Richard Bentley. This collation was never published.{{r|Scrivener}} It was also collated by biblical scholar Johann Jakob Wettstein. Wettstein charges it with being altered from the Latin.
The manuscript was also examined by Herman Gerhard Treschow,<ref>H. G. Treschow, ''Testament Descriptionis codicum veterum aliquot Graecorum Novi Foederis manuscriptorum'' (Copenhagen, 1773), pp. 85-88</ref> biblical scholar Francis Karl Alter and biblical scholar John Wordsworth.{{r|Alter}} The manuscript has not been cited in the Nestle-Aland editions of Novum Testamentum Graece.
Alter used it in his edition of the Greek text of the New Testament.<ref name="Alter">F. C. Alter, ''Novum Testamentum Graecum, ad Codicem Vindobonensem Graece expressum: Varietam Lectionis addidit Franciscus Carolus Alter'', 2 vols. 8vo, Vienna, 1786-1787.</ref>
The codex is located now at the Austrian National Library (Cod. Suppl. Gr. 52) at Vienna.{{r|Aland|INTF}}
== See also == {{Portal|Bible}} * List of New Testament minuscules * Textus Receptus * Textual criticism
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== Further reading ==
* Treschow, H.G., [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_dR0UAAAAQAAJ ''Testament Descriptionis codicum veterum aliquot Graecorum Novi Foederis manuscriptorum''] (Copenhagen, 1773), pp. 85–88. * Wordsworth, J., ''Old Latin biblical Texts'', Nr. 1, Oxford 1883, pp. XXIII-XXVI and 55–67.
== External links == * [http://data.onb.ac.at/rec/baa5072653 Minuscule 3 (Cod. Suppl. Gr. 52) online information] at the Austrian National Library * [https://manuscripts.csntm.org/Manuscript/View/GA_3 Digital Images of Minuscule 3] (microfilm) at the CSNTM
{{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0003}} Category:Greek New Testament minuscules Category:12th-century biblical manuscripts Category:Biblical manuscripts in the Austrian National Library