Mikhail Shaposhnikov

{{short description|Russian theoretical physicist}} {{Infobox academic | honorific_prefix = Professor | name = Mikhail Shaposhnikov | honorific_suffix = | image = Mikhail_Shaposhnikov_portrait.jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Mikhail Shaposhnikov in 2020 | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name =  | birth_date = 1956 | birth_place = Sochi, Russia | death_date =  | death_place = | death_cause = | nationality = | citizenship = | other_names = | occupation = | period = | known_for = Brane cosmology, Higgs Inflation | home_town = | title = | boards =  | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | awards = Markov Prize for fundamental physics (2005) <br> Humboldt Research Prize (2008) <br> Andrei Sakharov gold medal (2011) | website = https://www.epfl.ch/labs/lppc/ | education = | alma_mater = Moscow State University | thesis_title =  | thesis_url =  | thesis_year =  | school_tradition = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | influences =  | era = | discipline = Theoretical physics | sub_discipline = Cosmology, Particle physics, Quantum field theory | workplaces = École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) | doctoral_students =  | notable_students =  | main_interests = | notable_works = | notable_ideas = | influenced =  | signature = | signature_alt = | signature_size = | footnotes = }}

'''Mikhail Yevgenyevich Shaposhnikov''' (born in 1956 in Sochi, Russia) is a Soviet-born Swiss theoretical physicist and a professor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL).<ref name=orcid>{{Cite web|last=ORCID|title=Mikhail Shaposhnikov (0000-0001-7930-4565)|url=https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7930-4565|access-date=2020-11-03|website=orcid.org|language=en}}</ref> He is active in the fields of cosmology and particle physics.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Prof. Mikhail Shaposhnikov|url=https://www.epfl.ch/labs/lppc/shaposhnikov/|access-date=2020-11-03|website=www.epfl.ch|language=en-GB}}</ref>

== Career == Mikhail Shaposhnikov graduated in physics from Moscow State University in 1979 and obtained a PhD from the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1982 after defending his thesis on the topic of baryon asymmetry of the universe in the frame of grand unified theories.<ref name=":0" /> From 1982 to 1991, he worked as a research scientist at the Theory Division of the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow. In 1991 he moved to CERN, Geneva, where he worked as a staff member at the Theory Division. In 1998 he was appointed Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Lausanne, where he became director of the Institute of Theoretical Physics in 1999. In October 2003 he was named professor at EPFL.<ref name=orcid/> In 2011 he gave a talk ''New Physics without New Energy Scale'' at the international symposium on subnuclear physics held in Vatican City.<ref>{{cite book|editor=Sánchez Sorondo, Marcelo|editor-link=Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo|editor2=Zichichi, Antonino|editor-link2=Antonino Zichichi|chapter=''New Physics without New Energy Scale'' by Mikhail Shaposhnikov|pages=301–314|title=Subnuclear Physics: Past, Present and Future; Proceedings of the International Symposium, held 30 October - 2 November 2011, held in Vatican City|series=Scripta Varia, volume 119|publisher=Pontifical Academy of Sciences|year=2014|chapter-url=https://www.pas.va/content/dam/casinapioiv/pas/pdf-volumi/scripta-varia/sv119/sv119-shaposhnikov.pdf}}</ref>

== Research == Together with Valery Rubakov, Mikhail Shaposhnikov was recognized for being the first to propose novel models of space-time and gravity using brane cosmology.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=September 2005|title=Rubakov and Shaposhnikov win INR prize for fundamental physics|work=CERN Courier|url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/1733816/files/vol45-issue7-p043-e.pdf|access-date=3 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Rubakov|first1=V. A.|last2=Shaposhnikov|first2=M. E.|date=1983-05-26|title=Do we live inside a domain wall?|url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0370-2693%2883%2991253-4|journal=Physics Letters B|language=en|volume=125|issue=2|pages=136–138|doi=10.1016/0370-2693(83)91253-4|bibcode=1983PhLB..125..136R|issn=0370-2693|url-access=subscription}}</ref> In 1985, in a seminal work with Vadim Kuzmin and Valery Rubakov, he clarified the conditions under which an explanation of the baryon number violation in the Standard Model is possible.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Kuzmin|first1=V. A.|last2=Rubakov|first2=V. A.|last3=Shaposhnikov|first3=M. E.|date=1985-05-16|title=On anomalous electroweak baryon-number non-conservation in the early universe|url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0370-2693%2885%2991028-7|journal=Physics Letters B|language=en|volume=155|issue=1|pages=36–42|doi=10.1016/0370-2693(85)91028-7|bibcode=1985PhLB..155...36K|issn=0370-2693|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

Mikhail Shaposhnikov leads the laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology (LPPC) at the Institute of Physics of the School of Basic Sciences at EPFL.<ref>{{Cite web|title=LPPC|url=https://www.epfl.ch/labs/lppc/|access-date=2020-11-03|website=www.epfl.ch|language=en-GB}}</ref>

== Distinctions == Mikhail Shaposhnikov is a recipient of the Andrei Sakharov gold medal awarded by the Russian Academy of Sciences.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Михаил Шапошников медаль Сахарова Mikhail Shaposhnikov Sakharov prize|url=http://www.inr.ac.ru/a/history/11/11419.htm|access-date=2020-11-03|website=www.inr.ac.ru}}</ref> In 2005, he was awarded with the Markov prize for fundamental physics.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=The third Markov readings 2005 year|url=http://www.inr.ru/eng/markove/mark2005e.html|access-date=2020-11-03|website=www.inr.ru}}</ref> In 2008, he received the Humboldt research prize awarded by the Heidelberg University.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Prof. Dr. Mikhail Shaposhnikov (Lausanne) erhält Humboldt-Forschungspreis - Pressestelle der Universität Heidelberg|url=https://www.uni-heidelberg.de/presse/news08/pm281209-1shap.html|access-date=2020-11-03|website=www.uni-heidelberg.de}}</ref>

Shaposhnikov received an Advanced Grant from the European Research Council in 2015 for the research project 'From Fermi to Planck : a bottom up approach'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ERC FUNDED PROJECTS|url=https://erc.europa.eu/projects-figures/erc-funded-projects/results|access-date=2020-11-03|website=ERC: European Research Council|language=en|archive-date=2021-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113223931/https://erc.europa.eu/projects-figures/erc-funded-projects/results|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Political positions == In February-March 2022, he signed two open letters by Russian scientists condemning the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://t-invariant.org/2022/02/we-are-against-war/ |title=Открытое письмо российских учёных и научных журналистов против войны с Украиной |access-date=2 April 2022 |language=ru |trans-title=An open letter from Russian scientists and scientific journalist against the war in Ukraine}}</ref><ref>[https://cse.umn.edu/ftpi?fbclid=IwAR3tUGb6J_4wdyvQQpUPM_c0rnXn7B1H12UxIxuUK3GSl18-6Yed7ROLe7g An open letter to the Physics Community from physicists of Russian descent]</ref>

== Selected publications ==

* {{cite journal |doi=10.1016/0370-2693(85)91028-7|title=On anomalous electroweak baryon-number non-conservation in the early universe|year=1985|last1=Kuzmin|first1=V.A.|last2=Rubakov|first2=V.A.|last3=Shaposhnikov|first3=M.E.|journal=Physics Letters B|volume=155|issue=1–2|pages=36–42|bibcode=1985PhLB..155...36K}} * {{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.physletb.2007.11.072|title=The Standard Model Higgs boson as the inflaton|year=2008|last1=Bezrukov|first1=Fedor|last2=Shaposhnikov|first2=Mikhail|journal=Physics Letters B|volume=659|issue=3|pages=703–706|arxiv=0710.3755|bibcode=2008PhLB..659..703B|s2cid=14818281}} * {{cite journal |doi=10.1016/0370-2693(83)91253-4|title=Do we live inside a domain wall?|year=1983|last1=Rubakov|first1=V.A.|last2=Shaposhnikov|first2=M.E.|journal=Physics Letters B|volume=125|issue=2–3|pages=136–138|bibcode=1983PhLB..125..136R}} * {{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.physletb.2005.06.020|title=The νMSM, dark matter and baryon asymmetry of the universe|year=2005|last1=Asaka|first1=Takehiko|last2=Shaposhnikov|first2=Mikhail|journal=Physics Letters B|volume=620|issue=1–2|pages=17–26|arxiv=hep-ph/0505013|s2cid=118945664}}

== References ==  {{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shaposhnikov, Mikhail}} Category:Academic staff of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Category:Russian physicists Category:Living people Category:1956 births Category:People associated with CERN