{{Short description|Russian philologist and translator (1935–2005)}} {{Infobox person | name = Mikhail Gasparov | image = Gasparov.jpg | alt = | caption = Gasparov in 1995 | birth_date = {{birth date|1935|4|13|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Moscow]] | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2005|11|7|1935|4|13}} | death_place = [[Moscow]] | resting_place = {{ill|Miusskoye cemetery|ru|Миусское кладбище}} | citizenship = [[Soviet nationality law|Soviet]] <br> [[Russian nationality law|Russia]] | native_name = Михаил Леонович Гаспаров | occupation = Philologist, translator | alma_mater = [[Moscow State University]] | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = |awards = [[State Prize of the Russian Federation]] }} '''Mikhail Leonovich Gasparov''' ({{langx|ru|Михаи́л Лео́нович Гаспа́ров}}, April 13, 1935 in [[Moscow]] &ndash; November 7, 2005 in Moscow) was a Russian [[philologist]] and [[translator]], renowned for his studies in [[classical philology]] and the history of [[Medieval poetry|versification]], and a member of the informal [[Tartu-Moscow Semiotic School]]. He graduated from [[Moscow State University]] in 1957 and worked at the [[Gorky Institute of World Literature]], the [[Russian State University for the Humanities]], and the [[Russian Language Institute]] in [[Moscow]]. In 1992 Gasparov was elected a full member of the [[Russian Academy of Science]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://grani.ru/Society/Science/m.97819.html |title=Умер филолог Михаил Гаспаров |language=ru |date=November 7, 2005}}</ref>

In 1995, Mikhail Gasparov was awarded the [[State Prize of the Russian Federation]].

In 1997, he shared the [[Russian Little Booker Prize|Little Booker Prize]] with [[Alexander Goldstein (writer)|Aleksandr Goldstein]] for their publications analysing [[Russian literature]] from a historical-philosophical point of view.<ref name="Shneidman">{{cite book|last=Shneidman|first=N. N. |title= Russian Literature, 1995&ndash;2002: On the Threshold of the New Millenniu|publisher=University of Toronto Press|year=2004|isbn=0-8020-8670-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Mns1sF_1bYC&q=Mikhail+Gasparov&pg=PA21|accessdate=2008-09-05|pages=21&ndash;22}}</ref>

In 1999, Gasparov was awarded the [[Andrei Bely Prize]] for his essay collection ''Notes and excerpts'' ({{langx|ru|Записи и выписки}}).<ref name="NLO"/><ref>http://www.guelman.ru/slava/beliy/laur1978-2001.htm Лауреаты Премии Андрея Белого</ref> Gasparov was also a poet. He published translations of classical and modern European poetry, yet only one of his own poems was published during his lifetime.<ref name="NLO">{{cite journal|year=2000|title=Summary|journal=Нло: Независимый Филологический Журнал |issue=82|url=http://magazines.russ.ru/nlo/2006/82/s45.html|accessdate=2008-09-05}}</ref>

Gasparov was a member of the editorial board of ''Literary Monuments'' ({{langx|ru|Литературные памятники}}) book series, journals ''[[Journal of Ancient History]]'' ({{langx|ru|Вестник древней истории}}), ''Literary Research'' ({{langx|ru|Литературоведение}}), ''[[Elementa]]'' (United States), and ''[[Rossica Romana]]'' (Italy).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rsuh.ru/article.html?id=1133 |title=Гаспаров Михаил Леонович (1935 - 2005) - РГГУ.РУ |accessdate=2008-09-06 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070809222151/http://www.rsuh.ru/article.html?id=1133 |archivedate=2007-08-09 }} Гаспаров Михаил Леонович (1935 – 2005)</ref>

Mikhail Gasparov published about 300 articles, translations and other works, including the monographs ''Fable in Antiquity'' ({{langx|ru|Античная литературная басня}}, 1971), ''Modern Russian Versification'' ({{langx|ru|Современный русский стих. Метрика и ритмика}}, 1974), ''Overview of the History of Russian Versification'' ({{langx|ru|Очерк истории русского стиха: Метрика, ритмика, рифма, строфика}}, 1984), ''Overview of the History of European Versification'' ({{langx|ru|Очерк истории европейского стиха}}, 1989).<ref name="Lenta">{{cite news|url=http://www.lenta.ru/news/2005/11/07/gasparov/|script-title=ru:В Москве скончался литературовед и филолог Михаил Гаспаров|date=November 7, 2005|publisher=[[Lenta.ru]]|language=Russian|accessdate=2008-09-06}}</ref>

During his last years Gasparov was actively engaged in publishing the collected works of the Russian poet [[Osip Mandelstam]].<ref name="Lenta"/> On April 10, 2005, three days before his seventieth [[birthday]], he was [[Baptism|baptized]] according to the [[Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodox rite]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Муравьёв, Алексей Владимирович|url=http://www.portal-credo.ru/site/?act=comment&id=855|title=Последний шаг к вере. Памяти Михаила Леоновича Гаспарова|publisher=Портал-Credo.ru|language=ru}}</ref> He died on November 7, 2005 and was buried next to his mother at the {{ill|Miusskoye cemetery|ru|Миусское кладбище}} in Moscow.

Commemorating Mikhail Gasparov, the Russian State University for the Humanities organises annual conferences dedicated to the main fields of Gasparov's academic research -- [[classical philology]] and Russian literature of the 19th and early 20th centuries.<ref>http://www.litkarta.ru/russia/moscow/persons/gasparov-m/ Михаил ГАСПАРОВ – Биография</ref>

==Publications==

===Books===

*Gasparov M. L. ''[https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=57097810 A history of European versification]'' (transl. by G. S. Smith & [[Marina Tarlinskaja]]). Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996. {{ISBN|0-19-815879-3}}. :*West, M. L. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/710593 Review of ''A history of European versification'' by M. L. Gasparov; G. S. Smith; M. Tarlinskaja]. ''[[The classical review]]'', New Series, Vol. 47, No. 2 (1997), pp. 431-432. :*Pensom, Roger. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3736117 Review of ''A history of European versification'' by M. L. Gasparov; G. S. Smith; M. Tarlinskaya]. ''[[The modern language review]]'', Vol. 94, No. 1 (Jan., 1999), pp. 284-285. *Gasparov, M. ''Storia del verso europeo'' (transl. by S. Garzonio). Bologna: Il Mulino, 1993.

===Articles in periodicals===

* {{Cite journal|date=2020|title=L’anno 1905 e l'evoluzione metrica di Blok, Brjusov e Belyj|journal=eSamizdat|volume=13|pages=427–432|last1=Gasparov |first1=Michail|url=https://www.esamizdat.it/ojs/index.php/eS/article/download/102/90/129}} *{{Cite journal|date=2019|title=The evolution of Russian rhyme|journal=Journal of Literary Theory|volume=13|issue=1|pages=77–115|doi=10.1515/jlt-2019-0003|last1=Gasparov |first1=Mikhail L. |s2cid=151001595 }} *{{Cite journal|date=2018|title=The semantic aura of Pushkin's trochaic tetrameter|journal=Pushkin Review |volume=20|pages=55–66|jstor=48604238|last1=Gasparov |first1=Mikhail |last2=Wachtel |first2=Michael |doi=10.1353/pnr.2018.0003 |s2cid=192525511 }} *{{Cite journal|date=2017|title=Approaches to verse theory in the works of Jaak Põldmäe|journal=Studia Metrica et Poetica|volume=4|number=1|pages=130–149|doi=10.12697/smp.2017.4.1.06|last1=Tarlinskaja |first1=Marina |last2=Rudnev |first2=Pyotr |last3=Lotman |first3=Mihhail |last4=Gasparov |first4=Mikhail |doi-access=free }} *{{Cite journal|date=2016|title=Boris Yarkho's works on literary theory|journal=Studia Metrica et Poetica|volume=3|number=2|pages=130–150|doi=10.12697/smp.2016.3.2.05|last1=Gasparov |first1=Mikhail |doi-access=free}} *{{Cite journal|date=2015|title=On Bakhtin, philosophy, and philology: two essays|journal=PMLA |volume=130|number=1|pages=129–142|jstor=44015690|doi=10.1632/pmla.2015.130.1.129|last1=Gasparov |first1=M. L. |last2=Wachtel |first2=Michael |s2cid=161278172}} *{{Cite journal|date=2008|title=The linguistics of verse|journal=The Slavic and East European Journal|volume=52|number=2|pages=198–207|jstor=20459662|last1=Gasparov |first1=M. L. |last2=Tarlinskaja |first2=Marina }} *{{Cite journal|date=1999|title=Private experiments in translation|journal=Russian Studies in Literature|volume=35|number=3|pages=82–92|doi= 10.2753/RSL1061-1975350382|last1=Gasparov |first1=M. L.}} *{{Cite journal|date=1996|title=The semantic halo of the Russian trochaic pentameter: thirty years of the problem|journal=Elementa|volume=2|number=3–4|pages=191–214|last1=Gasparov |first1=M. L.}} *{{Cite journal|date=1995|title=Criticism as a goal in itself|journal= Russian Studies in Literature|volume=31|number=4|pages=36–40|doi= 10.2753/RSL1061-1975310436|last1=Gasparov |first1=M. L.}} *{{Cite journal|date=1993|title=Incompleteness and symmetry in Herodotus' History|journal=Культурология: The Petersburg Journal of Cultural Studies|volume=1|number=1|pages=42–49|last1=Gasparov |first1=M. L.}} *{{Cite journal|date=1993|title=First reading and re-reading: On Tynyanov's concept of Successivity of Speech in Verse|journal=Культурология: The Petersburg Journal of Cultural Studies|volume=1|number=3|pages=22–31|last1=Gasparov |first1=M. L.}} *{{Cite journal|date=1993|title=Evgenii Onegin and the little house in Kolomna: Pushkin's use of parody and self-parody|journal= The Pushkin Journal |volume=1|number=1|pages= 57–68 |jstor=43791013 |last1=Gasparov |first1=M. L. |last2= Smirin |first2= V. M.}} *{{Cite journal|date=1993|title=M.M. Bajtín en la cultura rusa del siglo XX|journal=Criterios (Edición Especial)|pages=19–22|last1=Gasparov |first1=M. L.}} *{{Cite journal|date=1992|title=Juxtalinéaire et mesure de l'exactitude|journal= Meta: Journal des traducteurs / Meta: Translators' Journal|volume=37|number=1|pages=50–58|url=https://www.erudit.org/en/journals/meta/1992-v37-n1-meta335/002809ar.pdf|last1=Gasparov |first1= Mikhail L.}} *{{Cite journal|date=1987|title=A probability model of verse (English, Latin, French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese)|journal=Style|volume=21|number=3|pages=322–358|jstor=42946210|last1=Gasparov |first1=M. L. |last2=Tarlinskaja |first2=Marina }} *{{Cite journal|date=1984|title= M. M. Bakhtin in Russian culture of the twentieth century (Translated by Ann Shukman)|journal= Studies in 20th Century Literature|volume=9|number=1|pages=169–176|doi=10.4148/2334-4415.1158|doi-access=free|last1= Gasparov|first1=M. L.}} *{{Cite journal|date=1963|title= Statistical investigation of Russian dolnik trimeter|journal= Theory of Probability & Its Applications |volume=8|issue=1|pages=96–102|doi= 10.1137/1108009|last1= Gasparov|first1=M. L.}}

===Contributions to books=== * ''[https://academic.oup.com/fordham-scholarship-online/book/20544/chapter-abstract/179792429 'Columbus's egg, or the structure of the novella']'', in ''Persistent forms: explorations in historical poetics'', ed. I. Kliger, B. Maslov. New York, 2016, 392–396 * ''[https://www.torrossa.com/en/resources/an/3022851 'An anthology without names: 88 contemporary poems selected by Z. Gippius']'', in ''Liber, fragmenta, libellus prima e dopo Petrarca: in ricordo di D'Arco Silvio Avalle: seminario internazionale di studi, Bergamo, 23-25 ottobre 2003'', ed. F. Lo Monaco, L. C. Rossi, N. Scaffai. Firenze, 2006, 405–409 * 'Introduzione', in ''Il verso europeo. Atti del seminario di metrica comparata (4 maggio 1994)'', ed. F. Stella. Firenze, 1995, 13-16 * (with M.L. Andreev, S.S. Averintsev, P.A. Grintser, A.V. Mikhailov) ‘Literary epochs and types of artistic consciousness’ in ''[https://biblio.imli.ru/images/abook/teoriya/Istorich_poetika.pdf Историческая поэтика. Литературные эпохи и типы художественного сознания]'', ed. P.A. Grintser. Москва, 1994, 481-509 * 'Quantitative methods in Russian metrics: achievements and prospects', in ''[https://archive.org/details/metrerhythmstanz0000unse/ Metre, rhythm, stanza, rhyme]'', ed. G. Smith. Colchester, 1980. (Russian Poetics in Translation, 7), 1–19 * 'Light and heavy verse lines', in ''[https://archive.org/details/metrerhythmstanz0000unse/ Metre, rhythm, stanza, rhyme]'', ed. G. Smith. Colchester, 1980. (Russian Poetics in Translation, 7), 31–44 * 'Towards an analysis of Russian inexact rhyme', in ''[https://archive.org/details/metrerhythmstanz0000unse/ Metre, rhythm, stanza, rhyme]'', ed. G. Smith. Colchester, 1980. (Russian Poetics in Translation, 7), 61–75

==Bibliography== * Wachtel, Michael (2006). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/174581406X94182 Mikhail Leonovich Gasparov (13 April 1935-7 November 2005)]. ''[[Slavonica]]'' 12 (1), 73–76. * Emerson, C. ' In Honor of Mikhail Gasparov's Quarter-Century of Not Liking Bakhtin: Pro and Contra', in ''Poetics. Self. Place. Essays in Honor of Anna Lisa Crone '', ed. C. O’Neil, N. Boudreau, S. Krive (Slavica Publishers, 2007), 26–49 * Kirschbaum, H. (2008) '[https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1206&context=rlj The Poetics of Paraphrase: The Positivist Postmodernism in Mikhail Gasparov’s “Experimental Translations”]', in '' Russian Language Journal '' 58 (1): 47–68 * ''Frontiers in Comparative Prosody. In memoriam: Mikhail Gasparov '', ed. M. Lotman, M.-K. Lotman. Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, 2011 {{ISBN| 9783034303736}} * Emerson, C. (2016) '[https://www.scielo.br/j/bak/a/d7Sj8rwfbGVmFgwDXJBNXdr/?format=pdf&lang=en Creative ways of not liking Bakhtin: Lydia Ginzburg and Mikhail Gasparov]'. ''Bakhtiniana'' 11 (1): 39–69

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== *[http://www.porebrik.com/gasp.htm From Gasparov's book ''Записи и выписки''] *Wachtel, Michael (2006). [http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/maney/sla/2006/00000012/00000001/art00005 Mikhail Leonovich Gasparov (13 April 1935-7 November 2005)]. ''[[Slavonica]]'' 12 (1), 73–76. *[http://shaksper.net/archive/2005/229-november/23876 Brief memorial by Marina Tarlinskaja, friend, colleague, and translator]

==See also== * [[Culturology]] * [[Vyacheslav Ivanov (philologist)]] * [[Aron Gurevich]] * [[Alexander Dobrokhotov]]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gasparov, Mikhail}} [[Category:Writers from Moscow]] [[Category:Classical philologists]] [[Category:Literary theorists]] [[Category:Velimir Khlebnikov scholars]] [[Category:Translators from Ancient Greek]] [[Category:English–Russian translators]] [[Category:Italian–Russian translators]] [[Category:Latin–Russian translators]] [[Category:Full Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences]] [[Category:Russian people of Jewish descent]] [[Category:1935 births]] [[Category:2005 deaths]] [[Category:Moscow State University alumni]] [[Category:State Prize of the Russian Federation laureates]] [[Category:20th-century Russian translators]] [[Category:Soviet literary historians]] [[Category:Soviet male writers]] [[Category:20th-century Russian male writers]] [[Category:Corresponding fellows of the British Academy]] [[Category:20th-century Russian philologists]] [[Category:Russian Latinists]]