{{Short description|Ancient form of Gujarati}} {{Infobox language |name=Middle Gujarati |nativename= |pronunciation= |era=Developed around 14th century and gave rise to Modern Gujarati by the 19th century |familycolor=Indo-European |fam2=Indo-Iranian |fam3=Indo-Aryan |fam4=Western<ref>[http://homepages.fh-giessen.de/kausen/klassifikationen/Indogermanisch.doc Ernst Kausen, 2006. ''Die Klassifikation der indogermanischen Sprachen''] (Microsoft Word, 133 KB)</ref> |fam5=Gujarati languages |ancestor=Gurjar Apabhraṃśa |ancestor2=Old Gujarati |isoexception=historical |glotto=none }}

'''Middle Gujarati''' (AD 1300–1800), split off from Rajasthani, and developed the phonemes ɛ and ɔ, the auxiliary stem ''ch''-, and the possessive marker -''n''-.<ref>{{Harvnb|Mistry|2003|pp=115–116}}</ref> Major phonological changes characteristic of the transition between Old and Middle Gujarati are:<ref name="CardonaSuthar661">{{Harvnb|Cardona|Suthar|2003|p=661}}</ref> *i, u develop to ə in open syllables *diphthongs əi, əu change to ɛ and ɔ in initial syllables and to e and o elsewhere *əũ develops to ɔ̃ in initial syllables and to ű in final syllables

These developments would have grammatical consequences. For example, Old Gujarati's instrumental-locative singular in -i was leveled and eliminated, having become the same as Old Gujarati's nominative/accusative singular in -ə.<ref name="CardonaSuthar661"/>

==References== {{reflist|30em}}

===Works cited=== * {{citation |last1=Cardona |first1=George |year=2003 |authorlink1=George Cardona |last2=Suthar |first2=Babu |authorlink2=Babu Suthar |chapter=Gujarati |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jPR2OlbTbdkC&dq=indo-aryan+languages&pg=PA659 |editor1-last=Cardona |editor1-first=George |editor2-last=Jain |editor2-first=Dhanesh |title=The Indo-Aryan Languages |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-77294-5}} * {{citation |last=Mistry |first=P.J. |year=2003 |chapter=Gujarati |editor-last=Frawley |editor-first=William |title=International Encyclopedia of Linguistics |edition=2nd |place=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=2}}

{{Gujarati language}} Category:Gujarati language Category:Cultural history of Gujarat Category:Indo-Aryan languages Category:Languages attested from the 15th century

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