Microbunodontinae

{{short description|Extinct subfamily of mammals}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{Geological range|Middle Eocene|Late Miocene}} | image = Microbunodon.JPG | image_upright = 1.15 | image_caption = Skull and jaws of ''Microbunodon'' | taxon = Microbunodontinae | authority = Lihoreau & Ducrocq, 2007 | display_parents = 2 | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision_ref = <ref name="Lihoreau&Ducrocq2007">{{cite book | last1 = Lihoreau | first1 = F. | last2 = Ducrocq | first2 = S. | year = 2007 | chapter = Family Anthracotheriidae | editor1-last = Prothero| editor1-first = D.R.| editor2-last = Foss | editor2-first = S.E. | title = The Evolution of Artiodactyls. | publisher = The Johns Hopkins University Press | pages = 89–105 | isbn = 978-0-8018-8735-2}}</ref><ref name="Lihoreauetal2015">{{cite journal|author1=Lihoreau, F. |author2=Boisserie, J-R. |author3=Manthi, F. K. |author4=Ducrocq. S.|year=2015|title=Hippos stem from the longest sequence of terrestrial cetartiodactyl evolution in Africa|journal=Nature Communications|volume=6|page=6264|doi=10.1038/ncomms7264|pmid=25710445 |bibcode=2015NatCo...6.6264L |s2cid=35257041 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Ducrocq2020"/> | subdivision = *†''Anthracokeryx'' *†''Etruscotherium''? *†''Geniokeryx'' *†''Garobunodon'' *†''Microbunodon'' *†''Oligokeryx'' }}

The '''microbunodontines''' were an extinct subfamily of anthracotheres that were predominately a Paleogene group of Eurasian artiodactyls. The group died out at the end of the Late Miocene. It is composed of the genera ''Anthracokeryx'', ''Geniokeryx'', ''Garobunodon'', ''Microbunodon'', ''Oligokeryx'' and possibly ''Etruscotherium''.<ref name="Ducrocq2020">{{cite journal |author=Stéphane Ducrocq |year=2020 |title=Taxonomic revision of ''Anthracokeryx thailandicus'' Ducrocq, 1999 (Anthracotheriidae, Microbunodontinae) from the Upper Eocene of Thailand |journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica |volume=58 |issue=4 |pages=293–304 |doi=10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.200618 }}</ref><ref name=JVPBangMark>{{Cite journal|last1=Ducrocq |first1=S. |last2=Chaimanee |first2=Y. |last3=Jaeger |first3=J.-J. |last4=Yamee |first4=C. |last5=Rugbumrung |first5=M. |last6=Grohé |first6=C. |last7=Chavasseau |first7=O. |year=2021 |title=New fossil remains from Bang Mark locality, Krabi Basin, southern Thailand |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=41 |issue=4 |article-number=e1988624 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2021.1988624 |bibcode=2021JVPal..41E8624D |s2cid=244781496 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03347758/file/Ducrocq%20et%20al%202021%20Bang%20Mark%20Version%20auteur.pdf }}</ref><ref name=''Pickford2021''>{{Cite journal|last=Pickford |first=M. |year=2021 |title=Europe's last anthracothere (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from Ribolla (MN 12) Italy |journal=Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology |volume=34 |pages=85–93 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2021.1900169 |s2cid=233686772 |url=https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-03190634/file/Europe%27s%20last%20anthracothere.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pickford |first1=M. |year=2026 |title=Revision of small Bunodont Anthracotheres (Artiodactyla, Anthracotheriidae, Microbunodontinae) from Indo-Pakistan, and Reassessment of the Age of the Caribari Deposits, Garo Hills, Bengal |journal=Münchner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen Reihe A: Geologie und Paläontologie |volume=56 |pages=1–40 |isbn=978-3-89937-313-4 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ducrocq |first1=S. |last2=Chaimanee |first2=Y. |last3=Yamee |first3=C. |last4=Jaeger |first4=J.-J. |year=2025 |title=A new anthracothere (Hippopotamoidea, Anthracotheriidae) from Oligocene deposits of southern Thailand |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=44 |issue=5 |at=e2467012 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2025.2467012 }}</ref> They differ from the other anthracothere taxa by their smaller size, slenderer limbs and male specimens having laterally compressed andlonger canines. They were originally classified as members of the other subfamily of anthracotheres, Anthracotheriinae but recent phylogenetic studies have found them to be their own clade which is sister to Bothriodontinae.<ref name="Lihoreau&Ducrocq2007"/><ref name="Lihoreauetal2015"/>

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Anthracotheres Category:Mammal subfamilies Category:Eocene first appearances