{{Short description|Police department for the City of Miami, Florida}} {{Distinguish|Miami-Dade Police Department|Miami Beach Police Department}} {{Use American English|date=June 2023}} {{Use mdy dates|date=June 2023}} {{Infobox law enforcement agency | agencyname = Miami Police Department | nativename = | nativenamea = | nativenamer = | commonname = Miami Police | abbreviation = MPD | fictional = | patch = Patch of the Miami Police Department.png | patchcaption = | logo = Seal of the Miami Police Department.png | logocaption = Seal | badge = Badge of the Miami Police Department.png | badgecaption = Badge of an MPD officer | flag = | flagcaption = | imagesize = | mottotranslated = | mission = | formedyear = {{Start date and age|1896}} | formedmonthday = | preceding1 = | dissolved = | superseding = | employees = 1,810 | volunteers = | budget = $266 million (2020)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sullivan |first1=Carl |last2=Baranauckas |first2=Carla |title=Here's how much money goes to police departments in largest cities across the U.S. |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2020/06/26/how-much-money-goes-to-police-departments-in-americas-largest-cities/112004904/ |work=USA Today |date=June 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714185818/https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2020/06/26/how-much-money-goes-to-police-departments-in-americas-largest-cities/112004904/ |archive-date=July 14, 2020}}</ref> | nongovernment = | country = United States | countryabbr = U.S. | national = | federal = | international = | divtype = U.S. state{{!}}State | divname = Florida | divdab = | subdivtype = City | subdivname = Miami | subdivdab = | map = Miami-Dade County Florida Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Miami Highlighted.svg | mapcaption = | sizearea = {{convert|55.27|sqmi|km2}} | sizepopulation = 487,014 (2024) | legaljuris = | governingbody = | governingbodyscnd = | constitution1 = | police = Yes | local = Yes | military = | provost = | gendarmerie = | religious = | specialty = | secret = | overviewtype = | overviewbody = | headquarters = Miami, Florida, U.S. | hqlocmap = | hqlocleft = | hqloctop = | hqlocmappoptitle = | sworntype = Police Officer | sworn = 1,410 (''2024'')<ref>https://www.fdle.state.fl.us/CJSTC/Publications/CJAP/CJAP-2024/PD-Index/PD-Officer-Population{{Dead link | date=October 2025 | fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> | unsworntype = Civilian | unsworn = 400 | multinational = | electeetype = | minister1name = | minister1pfo = | chief1name = Manuel A. Morales | chief1position = Chief of Police | parentagency = | child1agency = | unittype = | unitname = | officetype = District | officename = 4 | provideragency = | uniformedas = | stationtype = | stations = Miami Police Headquarters (Central Station), South District Station, North District Station, East District Station | airbases = | lockuptype = | lockups = | vehicle1type = | vehicles1 = | boat1type = | boats1 = | aircraft1type = | aircraft1 = | animal1type = | animals1 = | person1name = | person1reason = | person1type = | programme1 = | activity1name = | activitytype = | anniversary1 = | award1 = | website = [http://www.miami-police.org Miami Police] | footnotes = | reference = }}
The '''Miami Police Department''' ('''MPD'''), also known as the '''City of Miami Police Department''', is a full-service municipal law enforcement agency serving the city of Miami, Florida, United States. MPD is the largest municipal police department in Florida. MPD officers are distinguishable from their Miami-Dade Police Department counterparts by their blue uniforms and blue-and-white patrol vehicles.
MPD operates the Miami Police College, which houses three schools: The Police Academy Class (PAC), The School for Professional Development (SPD), and the International Policing Institute (IPI), a program focused on training law enforcement personnel from countries outside of the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.miami-police.org/PoliceTrainingCenter/docs/College%20Brochure.pdf|title=Miami Police College Brochure|date=April 10, 2019|website=Miami Police Department}}</ref>
==History== thumb|Miami Police Department patrol cars in 2017 In its early years, the MPD enacted an oppressive racial system in Miami.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=George|first=Paul S.|date=1979|title=Policing Miami's Black Community, 1896-1930|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30151006|journal=The Florida Historical Quarterly|volume=57|issue=4|pages=434–450|jstor=30151006|issn=0015-4113}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Jackson|first1=David H.|last2=Elliott|first2=Kimberlyn M.|date=2016|title=African Americans in Florida, 1870-1920: A Historiographical Essay|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44955672|journal=The Florida Historical Quarterly|volume=95|issue=2|pages=152–193|jstor=44955672|issn=0015-4113}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mohl|first=Raymond A.|date=1990|title=On the Edge: Blacks and Hispanics in Metropolitan Miami since 1959|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30148998|journal=The Florida Historical Quarterly|volume=69|issue=1|pages=37–56|jstor=30148998|issn=0015-4113}}</ref> The MPD did not protect the black community from violence, as well as aided in the harassment and terrorization of the black population.<ref name=":0" /> The MPD intimidated black voters, pursued blacks on flimsy evidence, and strongly enforced certain laws solely when blacks were in violation of them.<ref name=":0" /> The MPD tacitly approved of or failed to investigate instances of white supremacist violence in Miami by terrorist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan.<ref name=":0" />
In January 1986, ''The New York Times'' reported that "corruption charges are not new" to MPD.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Nordheimer|first1=Jon|date=January 9, 1986|title=MIAMI POLICE SCANDAL RAISING QUESTIONS ON MINORITY RECRUITS|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/01/09/us/miami-police-scandal-raising-questions-on-minority-recruits.html|access-date=April 6, 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
In 2018, the ''Miami New Times'' wrote, "Miami cops have a storied history of getting caught committing the very crimes they are supposed to police."<ref>{{Cite web|last=O'Connor|first=Meg|date=October 24, 2018|title=Miami Cops Getting Busted on Federal Drug Charges Isn't New|url=https://www.miaminewtimes.com/news/a-history-of-miami-cops-busted-on-federal-drug-charges-10851399|access-date=April 6, 2021|website=Miami New Times}}</ref>
Jorge Colina became MPD Chief of Police in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rabin|first=Charles|date=January 17, 2018|title=Miami's next police chief is a veteran with a goal to reduce gun violence|url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/crime/article195126164.html|access-date=April 10, 2019|website=Miami Herald}}</ref> In March 2021, Art Acevedo became Miami Police Department chief. Prior to this role, he served as the chief of police in Houston.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Napoli|first=Tierra Smith, Daniela Sternitzky-Di|date=March 15, 2021|title=Houston Police Chief Art Acevedo leaving post for new job as Miami Police Chief|url=https://www.click2houston.com/news/local/2021/03/15/houston-police-chief-art-acevedo-leaving-post-for-new-job/|access-date=March 15, 2021|website=KPRC|language=en}}</ref> Art Acevedo was fired on October 14, 2021<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/article254986307.html| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211015023425/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/article254986307.html| archive-date = 2021-10-15| title = Miami Police Chief Art Acevedo officially removed {{!}} Miami Herald| website = Miami Herald}}</ref>
===Civil rights investigations by U.S. Department of Justice=== The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) investigated the Miami Police Department twice, once beginning in 2002 and once from 2011–2013.<ref name="usdoj-2013">{{cite web|date=July 9, 2013|title=Justice Department Releases Investigative Findings on the City of Miami Police Department and Officer-involved Shootings|url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-releases-investigative-findings-city-miami-police-department-and-officer|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice Office of Public Affairs}}</ref><ref>[https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/crt/legacy/2013/07/09/miami_findings_7-9-13.pdf Findings Letter re: Investigation of City of Miami Police Department], U.S. Department of Justice (July 9, 2013).</ref>
The investigation by DOJ's Civil Rights Division and the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Southern District of Florida that was completed in 2013<ref name="usdoj-2013" /> was prompted by a series of incidents over eight months in 2011 in which Miami officers fatally shot seven young black men.<ref name="nyt-2013">{{cite news|last=Goode|first=Erica|date=July 10, 2013|title=Miami Police Department Is Accused of Pattern of Excessive Force|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/10/us/miami-police-dept-is-accused-of-pattern-of-excessive-force.html?_r=0|access-date=July 10, 2013}}</ref> The DOJ investigation concluded that the Miami Police Department "engaged in a pattern or practice of excessive use of force through officer-involved shootings in violation of the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution."<ref name="usdoj-2013" /> The investigation reached many of the same conclusions as the 2002 investigation.<ref name="usdoj-2013" /> It found that MPD officers had intentionally fired upon individuals on 33 occasions between 2008 and 2011,<ref name="usdoj-2013" /><ref name="nyt-2013" /> and that the MPD itself found that the shootings were unjustified on three occasions.<ref name="usdoj-2013" /> The DOJ also determined that "a number of MPD practices, including deficient tactics, improper actions by specialized units, as well as egregious delays and substantive deficiencies in deadly force investigations, contributed to the pattern or practice of excessive force."<ref name="usdoj-2013" /> The DOJ found that MPD had failed to "complete thorough, objective and timely investigations of officer-involved shootings" and sometimes failed to reach a conclusion "as to whether or not the officer's firearm discharge was lawful and within policy," which the DOJ cited as a factor that "undermined accountability and exposed MPD officers and the community to unreasonable risks that might have been addressed through prompt corrective action."<ref name="usdoj-2013" /> The DOJ also found that "a small number of officers were involved in a disproportionate number of shootings, while the investigations into their shootings continued to be egregiously delayed."<ref name="usdoj-2013" /> To address the issues it identified, the city negotiated a judicially overseen agreement with the DOJ.<ref name="cbsmiami-2013">{{cite news|date=July 9, 2013|title=Fallout Begins From DOJ Investigation Of Miami Police|publisher=CBS Miami|url=https://miami.cbslocal.com/2013/07/09/fallout-begins-from-doj-investigation-of-miami-police/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Weaver, Jay|author2=McGrory, Kathleen|author3=Ovalle, David|date=July 9, 2013|title=Justice Department finds Miami Police used excessive force in shootings|newspaper=Miami Herald|url=http://www.miamiherald.com/2013/07/09/3492011/justice-department-find-miami.html|access-date=July 10, 2013}}</ref><ref name="nyt-2013" /> Former Chief Miguel A. Exposito rejected the DOJ findings, which he called flawed.<ref name="media.miamiherald.com">{{cite web|date=August 8, 2013|title=Letter facsimile|url=http://media.miamiherald.com/smedia/2013/08/20/17/50/UzEX4.So.56.pdf|website=media.miamiherald.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=August 13, 2013|title=Exposito Wants Senate Investigation of DOJ Report on MPD Shootings|url=https://miami.cbslocal.com/2013/08/13/exposito-wants-senate-investigation-of-doj-report-on-mpd-shootings/|publisher=CBS Miami}}</ref>
A comprehensive settlement agreement between the DOJ and the City of Miami was reached in February 2016; under the agreement, the police department was obligated to take specific steps to reduce the number of officer-involved shootings (through enhanced training and supervision) and to "more effectively and quickly investigate officer-involved shootings that do occur" (through improvements to the internal investigation process and tighter rules for when an officer who shoots may return to work).<ref name="usdojfeb2016">{{cite web|date=February 25, 2016|title=Justice Department Reaches Agreement with the City of Miami and the Miami Police Department to Implement Reforms on Officer-Involved Shootings|url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-reaches-agreement-city-miami-and-miami-police-department-implement-reforms|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice Office of Public Affairs}}</ref> Jane Castor, the former police chief of Tampa, Florida, was appointed as the independent monitor to oversee the city's compliance with the reforms.<ref name="usdojfeb2016" />
===Controversy over shooting an unarmed suspect=== On December 10, 2013, at approximately 0530 hours, 22 police officers surrounded a suspect from an earlier shooting (police officer shot by suspect) and a second uninvolved person. Police ordered the men to put their hands up and then fired over 50 rounds into the car. Witnesses reported police continued to order the men to raise their hands and when they did fired more rounds into the car. In total 22 police officers fired more than 377 rounds hitting the car, other cars, adjacent buildings, their fellow police officers. The gunfire from the police was sufficient that some officers suffered ruptured eardrums. Witnesses reported that after killing the two men, some of the police were laughing.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Friedersdorf|first=Conor|date=May 8, 2014|title=23 Police Officers Fire 377 Bullets at Two Men With Zero Guns|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2014/05/23-police-officers-fire-377-bullets-at-2-men-with-0-guns/361904/|access-date=November 4, 2021|website=The Atlantic|language=en}}</ref>
===Controversy over officer arrest=== On October 11, 2011, Miami Police Department officer Fausto Lopez was speeding and driving erratically when he was caught by Florida Highway Patrol trooper Donna Jane Watts, after a 7-minute chase, with the video going viral on YouTube.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-11-26 |title=FHP Trooper Donna Watts' Last Stand - CBS Miami |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/miami/news/fhp-trooper-donna-watts-last-stand/ |access-date=2024-06-12 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Watts initially believed that the MPD cruiser had been stolen, so Lopez was arrested at gunpoint and handcuffed. This started a feud between the Florida Highway Patrol and the MPD (who regarded the arrest as an overreaction), involving police blog accusations and insults, posters attacking Watts, the state trooper who stopped Lopez, and someone smearing feces on another trooper's patrol car.<ref>{{cite web|last=Hardigree|first=Matt|date=November 3, 2011|title=Cops in Florida ready to fight each other over traffic stop|url=https://jalopnik.com/5856128/cops-in-florida-ready-to-fight-each-other-over-traffic-stop|access-date=April 29, 2016|work=Jalopnik - Drive Free or Die|publisher=Gawker Media}}</ref>
In February 2012, an investigation by the ''Sun-Sentinel'' examined SunPass toll records, and found that 800 police officers from a dozen South Florida agencies drove their cruisers above 90 mph in 2011, mostly while off duty. As a result of the Sun-Sentinel report, 158 state troopers and officers were disciplined, mostly receiving a reprimand and losing their take-home cars for up to six months. Lopez, who was found to have driven 90 mph on more than 80 occasions, was suspended with pay in early July 2012 and terminated from the MPD on September 13, 2012.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kestin|first=Sally|date=September 14, 2012|title=Speeding cop Fausto Lopez fired|url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2012-09-14/news/fl-speeding-cop-fired-20120914_1_officer-fausto-lopez-chief-manuel-orosa-miami-police|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916222949/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2012-09-14/news/fl-speeding-cop-fired-20120914_1_officer-fausto-lopez-chief-manuel-orosa-miami-police|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 16, 2012|access-date=April 29, 2016|work=Sun-Sentinel|publisher=Tribune Publishing}}</ref>
===Controversy over shooting unarmed motorist=== On February 11, 2011, Miami Police killed an unarmed motorist during a traffic stop and wounded another person in the car. Prosecutors declined to prosecute as they did not think they could say it was provable beyond a reasonable doubt that Miami Officer Reynaldo Goyos could have thought the driver was reaching for a weapon.<ref>{{Cite web | title=Palm Beach Post: Local News, Politics & Sports in W. Palm Beach, FL | url=https://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/state--regional/prosecutors-clear-miami-officer-shooting-unarmed-motorist/f7vnRSnESWLt2Rj5GOVRRO/ | access-date=2025-07-06 | website=www.palmbeachpost.com}}</ref>
===Retaliation against officers who expose wrongdoing=== The Miami Community Police Benevolent Association (MCPBA), the city's Black police officers' union, has criticized the MPD for what it says is a culture of retaliation against police officers who blow the whistle on wrongdoing by fellow MPD officers.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Cardona|first=Joshua Ceballos, Alexi C.|date=November 12, 2020|title=Fired Detective Alleges Widespread Corruption at Miami Police Department|url=https://www.miaminewtimes.com/news/luis-valdes-sues-miami-police-department-alleging-corruption-11700704|access-date=April 6, 2021|website=Miami New Times}}</ref>
===Controversial detention of African American COVID-19 doctor=== In April 2020, a Miami Police Sergeant generated controversy by handcuffing and detaining African American doctor Armen Henderson, who was assigned to treat homeless people for COVID-19, outside his home after receiving complaints that people were dumping trash in the area where he was working.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.miamiherald.com/news/article241943371.html| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200413003727/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/article241943371.html| archive-date = April 13, 2020| title = Miami police investigating detainment [sic] of doctor at his home {{!}} Miami Herald| website = Miami Herald}}</ref><ref name="cuffing">{{Cite web|title=Police chief orders probe in handcuffing of black Miami doctor on front lines of coronavirus fight|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/police-chief-orders-probe-handcuffing-black-miami-doctor/story?id=70111116|access-date=November 4, 2021|website=ABC News|language=en}}</ref> Allegations soon surfaced that the matter in which Henderson was handcuffed and detained was in fact a case of racial profiling.<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 14, 2020|title=Who Is Dr. Henderson? Black Doctor Testing Homeless For Coronavirus Is Latest To Be Racially Profiled|url=https://newsone.com/3927778/dr-armen-henderson-coronavirus-racial-profiling-video/|access-date=November 4, 2021|website=NewsOne|language=en-US}}</ref> The Miami Police Department eventually agreed to launch an internal investigation into the circumstances surrounding the handcuffing and detention of Henderson.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Diaz|first=Johnny|date=April 14, 2020|title=Police Handcuff Black Doctor Who Tests Homeless for Coronavirus|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/14/us/armen-henderson-arrested-homeless-coronavirus-testing.html|access-date=November 4, 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="cuffing" />
==Organizational structure== MPD follows a paramilitary organizational structure and is headed by the Chief of Police. The Deputy Chief of Police reports directly to the Chief and oversees the three major operational divisions of the agency, each of which is led by an Assistant Chief: Field Operations Division, Criminal Investigations Division, and Administration Division. The Internal Affairs Section, Professional Compliance Section, and Public Information Office report directly to the Chief of Police.
MPD is composed of more than 70 organizational elements, including a full-time SWAT team, Bomb Squad, Mounted Patrol, Marine Patrol, Aviation Unit, Gang Unit, Police Athletic League Detail, Crime Gun Intelligence Center, and a Real Time Crime Center. With 1371 full-time sworn positions and more than 400 civilian positions.<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 10, 2019|title=Miami Fiscal Year 2020 Operating Budget|url=http://archive.miamigov.com/Budget/docs/FY20/OperatingBudget.pdf|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref>
==Districts== Miami is divided into four policing districts, which are in turn divided into thirteen neighborhoods:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.miami-police.org/index.asp|title=Miami Police Department|website=www.miami-police.org|access-date=October 4, 2019}}</ref>
;North District *Liberty City *Little Haiti *Upper Eastside
;Central District *Allapattah *Overtown *Wynwood
;South District *Flagami *Little Havana *Coral Way *Coconut Grove *The Roads
;East District *Edgewater *Downtown *Brickell
== Ranks and insignia == {| class="wikitable" |- !Title !Insignia |- |Chief of Police |center|90px |- |First Assistant Chief |center|40px |- |Assistant Chief |center|40px |- |Major |center|40px |- |Executive Officer | center|40px |- |Captain |center|40px |- |Lieutenant |center|40px |- |Sergeant |center|40px |-
|Detective | |}
Rank insignias for sergeants are worn on the upper sleeves below the shoulder patch while rank insignias for lieutenant through chief are worn on the shirt collar.
==Demographics== Over the years, the demographics of full-time sworn personnel were: {|class="wikitable" style="margin: 0 auto 0 auto;" ! rowspan=2 |Year ! colspan=8 |Percentage of full-time sworn personnel |- ! Female ! Male ! African American or Black ! American Indian ! Asian/Pacific Islander ! Hispanic, any race ! White, non-Hispanic ! Other race |- ! 1993<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/lemas93.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040601185259/http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/lemas93.pdf |title=Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics, 1993: Data for Individual State and Local Agencies with 100 or More Officers |last1=Reaves |first1=Brian A. |last2=Smith |first2=Pheny Z. |publisher=Bureau of Justice Statistics |date=September 1995 |archive-date=June 1, 2004 |page=54 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | 15.6 | 84.4 | 23.7 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 47.7 | 28.2 | {{n/a}} |- ! 1997<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/lemas97.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040601202809/http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/lemas97.pdf |title=Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics, 1997: Data for Individual State and Local Agencies with 100 or More Officers |last1=Reaves |first1=Brian A. |last2=Goldberg |first2=Andrew L. |publisher=Bureau of Justice Statistics |date=April 1999 |archive-date=June 1, 2004 |page=44 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | 18 | 82 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 53 | 20 | {{n/a}} |- ! 2000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/lemas00.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916212959/https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/lemas00.pdf |title=Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics, 2000: Data for Individual State and Local Agencies with 100 or More Officers |last1=Reaves |first1=Brian A. |last2=Hickman |first2=Matthew J. |publisher=Bureau of Justice Statistics |date=March 2004 |archive-date=September 16, 2012 |page=47 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | 18 | 82 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 54 | 19 | 1 |}
==Sidearm== Miami Police Officers are issued the Glock 22. Prior to the Glock 22 officers were armed with the Glock 17, which was in service from the late 1980s to the early 2000s. Detectives are issued either the Glock 23 or the more compact Glock 27. Prior to issuing the semi-automatic Glock pistols, MPD officers were issued the Smith & Wesson Model 64 and Smith & Wesson Model 67 while detectives had the Smith & Wesson Model 60 "Chief's Special" revolver also in .38 Special.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.personaldefenseworld.com/2014/10/gun-review-smith-wesson-mp-revolver/|title=Gun Review: The Timeless Smith & Wesson M&P Revolver|date=October 14, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://miami.cbslocal.com/2013/05/13/report-raises-concern-about-glock-handguns |title=Report Raises Concern About Glock Handguns « CBS Miami |publisher=Miami.cbslocal.com |date=May 13, 2013 |access-date=April 13, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/05/31/nyregion/gun-of-choice-for-police-officers-runs-into-fierce-opposition.html?pagewanted=all|title=Gun of Choice for Police Officers Runs Into Fierce Opposition|first=Jane|last=Fritsch|website=The New York Times|date=May 31, 1992 }}</ref>
==See also== * List of United States state and local law enforcement agencies
==References== {{Reflist}}
===Sources=== * {{Include-USGov |agency=United States Department of Justice |article=Justice Department Releases Investigative Findings on the City of Miami Police Department and Officer-involved Shootings |url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2013/July/13-crt-770.html}}
==External links== {{Category commons}} * [http://www.miami-police.org Miami Police Department (official website)]
{{Miami}} {{Fla LawEnforce}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Miami Police Department Category:1896 establishments in Florida Category:Government of Miami Category:Municipal police departments of Florida